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Bhanu Prakash

This document discusses the role of an owner's engineer in developing MW-sized solar PV power plants. It addresses common misperceptions around solar energy projects and highlights the importance of optimizing plant design for high capacity utilization factor, performance ratio, and yield ratio. The owner's engineer helps de-risk projects by managing technology selection, design, engineering, and construction. Their deliverables include a bankable detailed project report, contractor selection and negotiation, and project monitoring through commissioning. The document also briefly covers solar cell technologies, power integration challenges, and the owner's engineer's references and values around confidentiality, non-solicitation, and non-circumvention.

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Developing MW sized PV power plants 1 Role & Deliverables of an Owners engineer
2 Is producing solar energy cheaper than buying from grid
3 Why do we need a OE ? Perception 1 MW in India means 16 lakhs p.a. Reality ranging from < 10 lakhs to 17 lakhs & above Perception Panel brand/origin determines price. Reality Same panels in the same field behave differently Perception Integrating PV plants means just hooking up wires Reality numerous simulations and testing go behind connecting wires Perception Solar is maintenance free, build it, forget it, just enjoy it Reality Solar cell may be, rest of it needs definite maintenance Perception Solar cells are just two types – poly / mono. Reality Triple junction, HIT, PID free, encapsulate free, organic, BIPV & growing
4 Why do we need a OE ? Perception Solar PV plants are simple and no rocket science Reality seamless integration of electrical flows is the key Perception Does not require certified workforce Reality certified PV installers is becoming mandatory Perception Select lowest EPC contractor & tie down with impregnable clauses Reality Penny saved upfront may cost a bomb in maintenance later Perception Power conditioning, conversion and controlling technologies are matured Reality Advanced options like string/micro /hybrid inverters & optimisers exist Perception Trackers are costly and don’t really work in India Reality Robotic trackers & pneumatic actuators are state of art
5 Our Role Delinking technology, architecture, design, engineering and constructability risks Outsourced project development & construction management function Akin to role of Independent engineers Fee based model as against margin hidden EPC contract
6 Life cycle cost optimization of technology/returns/reliability of a MW solar PV plant located at a specific site / size and interconnected to a specific transcom/discom substation Preparation of bankable grade detailed project report (first step for seeking project financing ) Preparation of Request for Quotations seeking firm EPC quotes from shortlisted contractors Evaluation, negotiation & finalization of EPC contractor/s along with project owners Project progress monitoring & reporting Best practices management – warranties, guarantees, O & M optimization etc Project inspection, trail runs, commencement of commercial production Project handover management Our Deliverables
7 Optimizing a PV power plant Highest CUF permitted under up to which the bid tariff is paid in full. The other key ratios that impact the life cycle costs 1. Performance ratio 2. Yield Ratio. A PV plant has to be optimized for a optimal combination of all the three factors – CUF/PR/YR. YR - kwhr / kwp ( Range 1200 to 1800 using singe axis ) PR – Actual production/designed production (policy set minimum is 78%, commercial technologies available today yield > 85% in first year) CUF – Capacity utilization factor (max set in some states / few states set a max and min) Differences between guaranteed annual minimum Vs first year guaranteed generation Former factors in annual degradation while the latter doesnot.
8 Global PV pricing outlook - 2015 Jan 2015 data
Tech Dim light High temp Module efficiency Space Requirement A-Si ++ ++ - -- Silicon ++ ++ ++ ++ CdTe ++ ++ Neutral + CIGS - - + -- Performance comparison in Dim light and high temperature Based on EUPD 2009 report
10 Advancements in cell technologies Bi facial cells triple junction, PID free, encapsulate free, organic, bipv are emerging types
11 Cell type Mono crystalline Polycrystalline Amorphous CdTe CIS/CIGS Typical module efficiency 15-20% 13-18%+ 6-8%+ 9-11% 10-12% Best research cell efficiency 27% 24% 15% 20% 21% Area required for1 kWp 6-9 m2 8-9 m2 13-20 m2 11-13 m2 9-11 m2 Typical length of warranty 25 years 25 years 10-25 years 10 – 20 years 10 -15 years Price rages highest middle lowest Temperature resistance Performance drops 10- 15% at high temperatures Less temperature resistant than mono crystalline Tolerates extreme heat Relatively low impact on performance Additional details Oldest cell technology and most widely used Less silicon waste in the production process Tend to degrade faster than crystalline-based solar panels Low availability on the market
12 Integrating disparate power supply systems
13 Important coatings required on top glass
14 SOLAR PANEL IS A SANDWITCH OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LAYERS
15
16 Our References MW power plant – bankable grade DPR finalization, PPA contract finalization & RfQs document preparation soliciting LSTK/EPC contracts. DPR for a MW scale PV – Diesel hybrid power plant for captive consumption VFD/MPPT based hybrid water pump controller development under aegis of industry university research grants
Our Values 17 • Mutual non-disclosure – Both parties agree that the information, knowledge, IP and any confidential material is not disclosed to any third-party • Mutual non-solicitation – Both parties agree that we don’t solicit for hire or take services from any of the other party’s employee • Mutual non-circumvention – Both parties agree that we will not circumvent each other and work with business associates or third party vendors introduced by each party

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OE consulting services

  • 1. Developing MW sized PV power plants 1 Role & Deliverables of an Owners engineer
  • 2. 2 Is producing solar energy cheaper than buying from grid
  • 3. 3 Why do we need a OE ? Perception 1 MW in India means 16 lakhs p.a. Reality ranging from < 10 lakhs to 17 lakhs & above Perception Panel brand/origin determines price. Reality Same panels in the same field behave differently Perception Integrating PV plants means just hooking up wires Reality numerous simulations and testing go behind connecting wires Perception Solar is maintenance free, build it, forget it, just enjoy it Reality Solar cell may be, rest of it needs definite maintenance Perception Solar cells are just two types – poly / mono. Reality Triple junction, HIT, PID free, encapsulate free, organic, BIPV & growing
  • 4. 4 Why do we need a OE ? Perception Solar PV plants are simple and no rocket science Reality seamless integration of electrical flows is the key Perception Does not require certified workforce Reality certified PV installers is becoming mandatory Perception Select lowest EPC contractor & tie down with impregnable clauses Reality Penny saved upfront may cost a bomb in maintenance later Perception Power conditioning, conversion and controlling technologies are matured Reality Advanced options like string/micro /hybrid inverters & optimisers exist Perception Trackers are costly and don’t really work in India Reality Robotic trackers & pneumatic actuators are state of art
  • 5. 5 Our Role Delinking technology, architecture, design, engineering and constructability risks Outsourced project development & construction management function Akin to role of Independent engineers Fee based model as against margin hidden EPC contract
  • 6. 6 Life cycle cost optimization of technology/returns/reliability of a MW solar PV plant located at a specific site / size and interconnected to a specific transcom/discom substation Preparation of bankable grade detailed project report (first step for seeking project financing ) Preparation of Request for Quotations seeking firm EPC quotes from shortlisted contractors Evaluation, negotiation & finalization of EPC contractor/s along with project owners Project progress monitoring & reporting Best practices management – warranties, guarantees, O & M optimization etc Project inspection, trail runs, commencement of commercial production Project handover management Our Deliverables
  • 7. 7 Optimizing a PV power plant Highest CUF permitted under up to which the bid tariff is paid in full. The other key ratios that impact the life cycle costs 1. Performance ratio 2. Yield Ratio. A PV plant has to be optimized for a optimal combination of all the three factors – CUF/PR/YR. YR - kwhr / kwp ( Range 1200 to 1800 using singe axis ) PR – Actual production/designed production (policy set minimum is 78%, commercial technologies available today yield > 85% in first year) CUF – Capacity utilization factor (max set in some states / few states set a max and min) Differences between guaranteed annual minimum Vs first year guaranteed generation Former factors in annual degradation while the latter doesnot.
  • 8. 8 Global PV pricing outlook - 2015 Jan 2015 data
  • 9. Tech Dim light High temp Module efficiency Space Requirement A-Si ++ ++ - -- Silicon ++ ++ ++ ++ CdTe ++ ++ Neutral + CIGS - - + -- Performance comparison in Dim light and high temperature Based on EUPD 2009 report
  • 10. 10 Advancements in cell technologies Bi facial cells triple junction, PID free, encapsulate free, organic, bipv are emerging types
  • 11. 11 Cell type Mono crystalline Polycrystalline Amorphous CdTe CIS/CIGS Typical module efficiency 15-20% 13-18%+ 6-8%+ 9-11% 10-12% Best research cell efficiency 27% 24% 15% 20% 21% Area required for1 kWp 6-9 m2 8-9 m2 13-20 m2 11-13 m2 9-11 m2 Typical length of warranty 25 years 25 years 10-25 years 10 – 20 years 10 -15 years Price rages highest middle lowest Temperature resistance Performance drops 10- 15% at high temperatures Less temperature resistant than mono crystalline Tolerates extreme heat Relatively low impact on performance Additional details Oldest cell technology and most widely used Less silicon waste in the production process Tend to degrade faster than crystalline-based solar panels Low availability on the market
  • 14. 14 SOLAR PANEL IS A SANDWITCH OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LAYERS
  • 15. 15
  • 16. 16 Our References MW power plant – bankable grade DPR finalization, PPA contract finalization & RfQs document preparation soliciting LSTK/EPC contracts. DPR for a MW scale PV – Diesel hybrid power plant for captive consumption VFD/MPPT based hybrid water pump controller development under aegis of industry university research grants
  • 17. Our Values 17 • Mutual non-disclosure – Both parties agree that the information, knowledge, IP and any confidential material is not disclosed to any third-party • Mutual non-solicitation – Both parties agree that we don’t solicit for hire or take services from any of the other party’s employee • Mutual non-circumvention – Both parties agree that we will not circumvent each other and work with business associates or third party vendors introduced by each party

Editor's Notes

  1. @ 58 cents/watt peak, panel cost for 1 MW in INR rs 58*62 = 3.59 crs. Including transportation, insurance etc on CIF hyderabad airport basis rs 4 cr @ the most. A high quality panel might cost on this basis not more than 4.5 cr. Under US exim policy, supplier credits of 180 days under L/Cs can be provided. Rest of the systems can be rupee procured. Central inverters by ABB cost around rs 40 to 45 lakhs/MW. Junction boxes, cables, steel structures, interconnection transformers (at 11 KV/33 KV/132 KV) including balance of systems ( all that is within the plant boundaries) would cost about rs 100 lakhs. Project Site works, civil works, project installation, erection, commissioning etc would be extra and wold cost about rs 50 lakhs/MW.