Oil & gas maturation
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The document discusses the geology of oil and gas, including the key components of a petroleum system: source rock, migration, reservoir rock, trap, and seal. It then discusses the process of oil and gas maturation, which is related to temperature, pressure, depth, and time. Maturation occurs in or near the reservoir during or after primary migration is complete, and involves a series of diagenetic changes that produce hydrocarbons from heavier compounds with lower molecules. The document outlines several methods to identify the level of oil maturity based on vitrinite reflectance analysis, spore color index analysis, thermal alteration index, and Tmax pyrolisis analysis.
Oil & gas maturation
- 1. OIL & GAS MATURATION GEOLOGY OF OIL AND GAS ZULFIAH MUH. NAHRY FAUZAN ABD. HAFIDZ ANUGRAH DWINAL
- 2. PETROLEUM SYSTEM Source rock Migration Reservoir rock Trap Seal
- 3. OIL & GAS MATURATION Berkaitan dengan: a. Suhu b. Tekanan c. Kedalaman d. waktu Terjadi dalam atau dekat reservior pada waktu atau setelah migrasi primer selesai, dan terdiri dari suatu urutan perubahan diagenesa yang menghasilkan hidrokarbon dari senyawa yang lebih berat dengan molekul rendah
- 4. OIL & GAS MATURATION Kematangan: a. Immature b. Early mature for Oil c. Mid-mature for Oil d. Late mature for Oil e. Generation of Gas
- 5. HC MATURITY ZONE, BISSADA (1986) ZONE I BIOHEMICAL METANE GENERATION DRY GAS INITIAL THERMOCHEMICAL GENERATION ZONE II NO EFFECTIVE OIL RELASE DRY GAS-WET GAS-CONDESATE-(OIL ?) MAIN PHASE OF MATURE OIL GENERATION AND RELEASE ZONE III OIL AND GAS THERMAL DEGRADATION OF HEAVY HIDROCARBON ZONE IV (OIL PHASE-OUT) CONDESATE WET GAS-DRY GAS ZONE V INTENSE ORGANIC METAMORFISM: METANA FORMATION DRY GAS
- 6. OIL & GAS MATURATION PROCESSES Carbon Ratio Fraksi Minyak dalam Batuan Berat Jenis, Umur, dan Kedalaman Konsepsi Pematangan Phillipi (1965)
- 7. OIL MATURITY IDENTIFICATIONS A. Vitrinite Reflectance analition VITRINITE HYDROKARBON TYPE REFLECTANCE 0,33-0,35 Biogenic gas 0,35-0,66 Biogenic gas and oil immature 0,60-0,80 Immature oil 0,80-1,30 Mature oil 1,30-1,60 Mature oil, condesat, wet gas 1,60-2,00 Condesat, wet gas > 2,00 Petrogenoic methane gas
- 8. OIL MATURITY IDENTIFICATIONS SCI PALYNOMORPH COLOUR MATURITY DEGREE B. Spora color index analition 1 Pale Yellow Immature C. Indeks Pengubahan Thermal 2 Yellow Immature 3 Yellow Transition to mature 4 Gold Yellow Transition to mature 5 Orange to Yeloow Mature 6 Orange Optimum oil generation 7 Brown Optimum oil generation 8 Dark Brown Mature, gas condensat 9 Drak Brown to Black Over mature, dry gas 10 Black Over mature, dry gas (traces)
- 9. OIL MATURITY IDENTIFICATIONS D. Tmax Pyrolisys analition S1 / (S1= S2) Tingkat Kematangan T Max (0 C) Tingkat Kematangan (mg/gr atau kg/ton) 400-435 Belum matang < 0,1 Belum matang 435-460 Matang (oil window) 0,1-0,4 Matang (oil window) >460 Lewat matang (gas window) S1+S2 Tingkat Kematangan >0,4 (mg/gr atau kg/ton) Lewat matang (gas window) 0,00-1,00 Poor 1,00-2,00 Marginal 2,00-6,00 Moderate 6,00-10,0 Good 10,0-20,0 Very good >20,0 excellent
- 10. OIL MATURITY IDENTIFICATIONS 0.2 65 1 Weight % Carbon in Kerogen 0.3 70 Vitrinite Reflectance (Ro) % Spore Coloration Index (SCI) 2 0.4 Pyrolysis Tmax (C) 0.5 75 Incipient Oil Generation 3 0.6 430 0.7 80 0.8 4 0.9 OIL Max. Oil Generated 85 5 1.0 450 1.2 Wet 6 1.3 Gas 7 465 Oil Floor Dry 90 8 Gas Max. Dry Gas 9 2.0 10 Wet Gas Floor Generated 3.0 4.0 Dry Gas Floor 95 (modified from Foster and Beaumont, 1991, after Dow and OConner, 1982)
- 11. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONS