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Ontology and Reports

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DataTactics

The document discusses how an ontology and the Civil Military Fusion Center (CFC) can be used to analyze reports and extract structured information. A CFC report on armed groups in the Sinai Peninsula was analyzed using an ontology, identifying 228 terms that mapped to 65 parent classes and ultimately 17 higher-level classes. This semantic structure allows the report's unstructured data to be organized and helps create a common operational picture from the information. The document provides examples of how names, events, organizations, locations and other terms from the report were classified in the ontology.

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Ontology and Civil Military Fusion Center (CFC) Reports Bill Mandrick, PhD
Civil Military Fusion Center (CFC) Report Armed Groups in the Sinai Peninsula 3100 words total 228 terms identified as ontology content Map to 65 Parent Classesthen to 17 Higher-Level Parent Classes Give structure to unstructured data Text heavy documents do have a structure Aggregation of data and facts Creation of a Common Operational Picture
CFC Report
Listen, S-2, the colonel said, I dont care about how many inches of rainfall to expect. I dont care about the percentage of lunar illumination. I dont want lots of facts and figures. Number one, I dont have time, and number two, they dont do me any good. What I need is to know what it all means. Can the Cobras fly in this stuff or not? Will my tanks get bogged down in this mud? Dont read me lists of enemy spottings; tell me what the enemys up to. Get inside his head. You dont have to impress me with how much data you can collect; I know youre a smart guy, S-2. But I dont deal in data; I deal in pictures. Paint me a picture, got it? (MCDP 6 pg. 2)
Mapping CFC Report Content to Ontologies Artifact Facility Technical Artifact Event Criminal Event Military Event Name Artifact/Facility Name Place Name Person Name Organization Name Geographic Feature Name Geographic Feature Object Aggregate Network Organization Person Roles Artifact Roles 228 terms in the Civil Information Fusion Center (CFC) report were identified as ontology content They map to Ontological Categories shown here This is the semantic structure of the report which is made up of unstructured data
Organization Names in CFC Report Militant Organization Names Islamic Militant Organization Libyan Militant Group Jaish al Islam (Army of Islam) Ansar Bayit al Maqdis (Supporters of Jerusalem) Ansar Jerusalem Algerian Militant Group Tawhid al Jihad (Monotheism and Holy War) Palestinian Intifada Military Organization Name Israeli Military Egyptian Army Terrorist Organization Name Hamas Hezbollah Muslim Brotherhood Tafkir Wal Hijra (Anathema and Exile) al Qaeda Organization Name Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Mujahedeen Council of Shura in Environs of Jerusalem Ansar al Sunnah Civil Military Fusion Center
Names in CFC Report News Magazine Name Long War Journal Time News Website Name Ahram Online Al Monitor Jerusalem Post Times of Israel Ahram Online Africa Review The Guardian Y Net News Defence Web Daily News Egypt News Organization Name Egypt Independent Reuters CNN New York Times PBS Reuters British Broadcasting Corporation
Event Names Arab Spring 2005 Sharm el Sheikh Bombing Military Event Name Operation Eagle Operation Sinai Event Names in CFC Report
Person Name Hosni Mubarak Allan Johnson Osama bin Laden Shukri Mustafa Mohammed Morsi Essam Haddad Tribal Name Sawarka Tribe Tarabin Tribe Muszeina Tribe Artifact Name Suez Canal Names in CFC Report
Place Name North Africa Sanai Middle East Israel North Sinai South Sinai Gaza Khartoum Geospatial Object Name Northern Sinai Mountain Range Northern Sinai Country Name Egypt Iran Israel Spain Libya Sudan Place Names in CFC Report
Objects in CFC Report Geospatial Object Battleground Operational Area Border Area Demilitarized Zone Territory Lawless Region Escape Route Border Peninsula Mainland Terrorist Sanctuary Rugged Terrain Object Aggregate Network Disenfranchised Population Object Role Hideout Transit Point Target
Artifacts in CFC Report Facility Mosque Weapons Factory Militant Base Tunnel Network Tunnel Gas Pipeline Technical Artifact Weapon Fence Bomb Landmine
Events in CFC Report Criminal Event Act of Murder Rocket Attack Mortar Attack Individual Attack Arms Trafficking Event Bombing Event Smuggling Event Assassination Terrorist Event Illegal Activity Smuggling Event Human Trafficking Event Killing Event Kidnapping Event Smuggling Event Smuggling Activity Terrorist Act Military Event Blockade Event Revolutionary Event Military Clash Military Campaign Military Operation Airstrike
Organization Ontology
Organizations in CFC Report Military Organization Army Multinational Force Egyptian Security Force Multi-National Organization Multinational Observer Organization Social/Familial Organization Clan Tribe Bedouin Tribe Family Criminal Organization Terror Group Terror Organization Radical Group Radical Islamic Organization Extremist Group Jihadist Group Criminal Network Terrorist Network Smuggling Network Terror Group Cell Terrorist Organization Terrorist Group
Person Roles in CFC Report Person Roles in CFC Report Journalist Police Infidel Government Minister Bedouin Leader Soldier Worker Tourist Journalist Policeman Enemy Extremist Map to Person Ontology
Relations Standardized relations, such as the ones shown here, are used throughout reports to relate geospatial objects, organizations, events, persons, locations, etc Relations create information from data and are required for describing the worlde.g. creating a Common Operational Picture.
Conclusion Standardized Ontologies facilitate: Semantic Enhancement of Data Resources based upon common ontologies Grouping of terms under commonly accepted categories Enhanced querying across report/data types Enhanced retrieval of documents and data elements Facilitate Painting a Common Operational Picture from data

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Ontology and Reports

  • 1. Ontology and Civil Military Fusion Center (CFC) Reports Bill Mandrick, PhD
  • 2. Civil Military Fusion Center (CFC) Report Armed Groups in the Sinai Peninsula 3100 words total 228 terms identified as ontology content Map to 65 Parent Classesthen to 17 Higher-Level Parent Classes Give structure to unstructured data Text heavy documents do have a structure Aggregation of data and facts Creation of a Common Operational Picture
  • 4. Listen, S-2, the colonel said, I dont care about how many inches of rainfall to expect. I dont care about the percentage of lunar illumination. I dont want lots of facts and figures. Number one, I dont have time, and number two, they dont do me any good. What I need is to know what it all means. Can the Cobras fly in this stuff or not? Will my tanks get bogged down in this mud? Dont read me lists of enemy spottings; tell me what the enemys up to. Get inside his head. You dont have to impress me with how much data you can collect; I know youre a smart guy, S-2. But I dont deal in data; I deal in pictures. Paint me a picture, got it? (MCDP 6 pg. 2)
  • 5. Mapping CFC Report Content to Ontologies Artifact Facility Technical Artifact Event Criminal Event Military Event Name Artifact/Facility Name Place Name Person Name Organization Name Geographic Feature Name Geographic Feature Object Aggregate Network Organization Person Roles Artifact Roles 228 terms in the Civil Information Fusion Center (CFC) report were identified as ontology content They map to Ontological Categories shown here This is the semantic structure of the report which is made up of unstructured data
  • 6. Organization Names in CFC Report Militant Organization Names Islamic Militant Organization Libyan Militant Group Jaish al Islam (Army of Islam) Ansar Bayit al Maqdis (Supporters of Jerusalem) Ansar Jerusalem Algerian Militant Group Tawhid al Jihad (Monotheism and Holy War) Palestinian Intifada Military Organization Name Israeli Military Egyptian Army Terrorist Organization Name Hamas Hezbollah Muslim Brotherhood Tafkir Wal Hijra (Anathema and Exile) al Qaeda Organization Name Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Mujahedeen Council of Shura in Environs of Jerusalem Ansar al Sunnah Civil Military Fusion Center
  • 7. Names in CFC Report News Magazine Name Long War Journal Time News Website Name Ahram Online Al Monitor Jerusalem Post Times of Israel Ahram Online Africa Review The Guardian Y Net News Defence Web Daily News Egypt News Organization Name Egypt Independent Reuters CNN New York Times PBS Reuters British Broadcasting Corporation
  • 8. Event Names Arab Spring 2005 Sharm el Sheikh Bombing Military Event Name Operation Eagle Operation Sinai Event Names in CFC Report
  • 9. Person Name Hosni Mubarak Allan Johnson Osama bin Laden Shukri Mustafa Mohammed Morsi Essam Haddad Tribal Name Sawarka Tribe Tarabin Tribe Muszeina Tribe Artifact Name Suez Canal Names in CFC Report
  • 10. Place Name North Africa Sanai Middle East Israel North Sinai South Sinai Gaza Khartoum Geospatial Object Name Northern Sinai Mountain Range Northern Sinai Country Name Egypt Iran Israel Spain Libya Sudan Place Names in CFC Report
  • 11. Objects in CFC Report Geospatial Object Battleground Operational Area Border Area Demilitarized Zone Territory Lawless Region Escape Route Border Peninsula Mainland Terrorist Sanctuary Rugged Terrain Object Aggregate Network Disenfranchised Population Object Role Hideout Transit Point Target
  • 12. Artifacts in CFC Report Facility Mosque Weapons Factory Militant Base Tunnel Network Tunnel Gas Pipeline Technical Artifact Weapon Fence Bomb Landmine
  • 13. Events in CFC Report Criminal Event Act of Murder Rocket Attack Mortar Attack Individual Attack Arms Trafficking Event Bombing Event Smuggling Event Assassination Terrorist Event Illegal Activity Smuggling Event Human Trafficking Event Killing Event Kidnapping Event Smuggling Event Smuggling Activity Terrorist Act Military Event Blockade Event Revolutionary Event Military Clash Military Campaign Military Operation Airstrike
  • 15. Organizations in CFC Report Military Organization Army Multinational Force Egyptian Security Force Multi-National Organization Multinational Observer Organization Social/Familial Organization Clan Tribe Bedouin Tribe Family Criminal Organization Terror Group Terror Organization Radical Group Radical Islamic Organization Extremist Group Jihadist Group Criminal Network Terrorist Network Smuggling Network Terror Group Cell Terrorist Organization Terrorist Group
  • 16. Person Roles in CFC Report Person Roles in CFC Report Journalist Police Infidel Government Minister Bedouin Leader Soldier Worker Tourist Journalist Policeman Enemy Extremist Map to Person Ontology
  • 17. Relations Standardized relations, such as the ones shown here, are used throughout reports to relate geospatial objects, organizations, events, persons, locations, etc Relations create information from data and are required for describing the worlde.g. creating a Common Operational Picture.
  • 18. Conclusion Standardized Ontologies facilitate: Semantic Enhancement of Data Resources based upon common ontologies Grouping of terms under commonly accepted categories Enhanced querying across report/data types Enhanced retrieval of documents and data elements Facilitate Painting a Common Operational Picture from data