Origins of the universe
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The document discusses theories about the origins of the universe, including the steady state, oscillating model, and big bang theory. It describes how the big bang theory proposes that the universe began as one dense mass that violently exploded, sending matter and energy out in all directions to form stars and galaxies. It also explains how the observation of redshift shows that galaxies are moving further apart from each other as the universe expands.
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An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of a substance. Atoms are composed of a nucleus at the center containing protons and neutrons, and electrons that surround the nucleus in an electron cloud. The nucleus contains most of the atom's mass, while the electrons occupy a large volume of space outside the nucleus but have a relatively small mass. Protons and neutrons are compacted in the nucleus giving it a positive charge, while electrons outside the nucleus have a negative charge, making the overall atom electrically neutral.Atomic particles
Atomic particlesRick Turner
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The document discusses the basic particles that make up an atom: protons have a positive charge and are located in the nucleus, neutrons have no charge and are also in the nucleus, and electrons have a negative charge and orbit around the outside of the nucleus in an electron cloud.8th grade taks review power point
8th grade taks review power pointRick Turner
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The document summarizes physical and chemical changes, types of energy, parts of plant and animal cells, ecological succession, weathering and erosion processes, and making predictions in science. It provides examples to illustrate different concepts in middle school science.Tectonic plates
Tectonic platesRick Turner
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The document discusses plate tectonics and how it relates to various geological phenomena. The Earth's crust is divided into major tectonic plates that move and interact along three types of plate boundaries. Divergent boundaries form new crust through seafloor spreading. Convergent boundaries result in earthquakes and volcanoes through processes like subduction. Transform boundaries involve plates sliding past one another. Volcanoes and earthquakes tend to occur at plate boundaries due to the stresses caused by plate interactions.Timeline
TimelineRick Turner
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Abraham Ortelius noticed in 1596 that the coastlines of America and Europe-Africa fit together like puzzle pieces, and attributed continental drift as the reason for this geometric coincidence. In 1785, James Hutton proposed that the Earth must be much older than previously thought to allow for geological processes like mountain erosion and sediment deposition. Albert Wegener suggested in 1912 that the supercontinent Pangaea had broken apart starting 200 million years ago, citing matching coastlines, fossil and climate evidence between continents. In 1960, Harry Hess discovered sea floor spreading and proposed new seafloor forms as hot material rises at mid-ocean ridges and flows away, carrying continents apart over geologic time.Ad
Origins of the universe
- 1. Origins of the Universe
- 2. Steady State
- 6. The big bang theory originated form one huge mass of densely packed matter. The densely packed matter violently exploded with a big bang send out matter and energy in all directions.From this matter stars and galaxies now exist.
- 7. Red ShiftGalaxies are moving further apart from each other. When a star moves away the wavelengths of light appear elongated. If a galaxy is moving away from the Earth, its wavelengths of light are shifted to the red end of the spectrum.If a galaxy is moving closer to the Earth then the blue end of the spectrum.