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Orthopaedics

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Prasanthmuddada

Closed reduction and casting techniques are methods used to temporarily immobilize musculoskeletal injuries like fractures. Casts are circumferential immobilizers that surround the entire limb circumference, while slabs only support part of the limb. Casts are made of layers of plaster from gypsum rolls, with the number of layers varying based on the limb and patient. Plaster casts reach full strength within 24-48 hours, while fiberglass sets within 1-2 minutes and hardens within 2-4 hours. Different types of casts and slabs are used to immobilize specific injuries in the upper and lower limbs. Potential complications include compartment syndrome, pressure sores, and joint stiffness.

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CLOSEDREDUCTION AND CASTING TECHNIQUES
Are methods of a temporary immobilization for a wide variety of musculoskeletal conditions not only for bones but also for many other disorders related with tendon , muscles and soft tissues.
SLAB : Are non circumferential immobilizers which is only support apart of the circumference of the limb. CAST : Are circumferential immobilizers which is surrounding the whole circumference of the limb.
PARENT COMPOUND: GYPSUM : Sedimentaryrock (Caiciumsulfate Dihydrate) ANTHONIUS MATHIJSEN
Made by making layers of the plaster from the rolls. Adult lower limb : 20 layers Child lower limb: 12-15layers Adult upper limb : 15 layers Child upper limb: 10-12 layers In obese patients more number of layers may be required
Orthopaedics
For plaster material Setting time : 4-5 min. Full strength : in 24-48 hrs. For Fiberglass material Setting time : 1-2 min. Full strength : 24 hrs.
Below elbow Above elbow
Below knee Above knee
Distal radius (colles fracture)
Scaphoid fracture Glass holding cast
For Metacarpals & phalaynx fractures Cock up slabBuddy strapping
Other type of slabs for metacarpal and plalaynx
For distal radius and ulna Sugar tong slab
For both radius and ulna fractures
For shaft humerus fracture (U or J slab)
For malleoli , tarsals and metatarsal fractures Below knee cast
For patella fractures Cyclindrical cast
For shaft tibia or distal femur fractures Above knee slab
For shaft femur , Thomas splint is better option
Compartment syndrome (Neurovascular compromise) Pressure sore Dermatitis Wasting of limb Joint stiffness Loss of reduction Fracture disease(due to prolonged immobilization) -pain, swelling, stiffness, osteopenia
Orthopaedics

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Orthopaedics

  • 3. Are methods of a temporary immobilization for a wide variety of musculoskeletal conditions not only for bones but also for many other disorders related with tendon , muscles and soft tissues.
  • 4. SLAB : Are non circumferential immobilizers which is only support apart of the circumference of the limb. CAST : Are circumferential immobilizers which is surrounding the whole circumference of the limb.
  • 5. PARENT COMPOUND: GYPSUM : Sedimentaryrock (Caiciumsulfate Dihydrate) ANTHONIUS MATHIJSEN
  • 6. Made by making layers of the plaster from the rolls. Adult lower limb : 20 layers Child lower limb: 12-15layers Adult upper limb : 15 layers Child upper limb: 10-12 layers In obese patients more number of layers may be required
  • 8. For plaster material Setting time : 4-5 min. Full strength : in 24-48 hrs. For Fiberglass material Setting time : 1-2 min. Full strength : 24 hrs.
  • 9. Below elbow Above elbow
  • 10. Below knee Above knee
  • 11. Distal radius (colles fracture)
  • 13. For Metacarpals & phalaynx fractures Cock up slabBuddy strapping
  • 14. Other type of slabs for metacarpal and plalaynx
  • 15. For distal radius and ulna Sugar tong slab
  • 16. For both radius and ulna fractures
  • 17. For shaft humerus fracture (U or J slab)
  • 18. For malleoli , tarsals and metatarsal fractures Below knee cast
  • 19. For patella fractures Cyclindrical cast
  • 20. For shaft tibia or distal femur fractures Above knee slab
  • 21. For shaft femur , Thomas splint is better option
  • 22. Compartment syndrome (Neurovascular compromise) Pressure sore Dermatitis Wasting of limb Joint stiffness Loss of reduction Fracture disease(due to prolonged immobilization) -pain, swelling, stiffness, osteopenia