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--is a life process common to both plants
and animals.
-- In this Process, there is an
exchange and carbon dioxide.
-- In our body, oxygen continuously
supplied to your body cell and is
transported through your bloodstream.

-- is then used to oxidize
or “burn” food materials in
every living cell.
-- After cellular breakdown
of food, carbon dioxide is
released by cell.
-- This gaseous waste is again
picked up by your blood and is
expelled from your body system.
1. Oxidation of food by living cell.
2. Transport of oxygen to the cells and the removal of carbon
dioxide from lungs.
3. Exchange of gases between your blood and lungs.
4. The breathing process.

Your Respiratory
System allows the
exchange of gases to
occur with two
important phases
involves :
EXTERNAL
RESPIRATION and
INTERNAL
RESPIRATION

External respiration
-- is the
exchange gases
between the
atmosphere and
the blood. This
involves the
lungs.

Internal respiration
-- is the exchange
of gases between
the blood and the
body tissues. It
occurs in every
living cell.

-- In External respiration,
oxygen from the air goes
into your lungs through
the respiration tract. In
your lung capillaries,
oxygen joins your blood.
At this point, the level of
oxygen is higher in the
alveoli of your lungs.

The blood that leaves your lungs is
called oxygenated blood. The blood
entering your lungs is said to be
deoxygenated blood.

♫ is a mechanical process that helps get air
in and out of the lungs.
♫ it consist of two stages :

♪ Life depends on breathing because the body cells need
oxygen.
♪ Oxygen is one of the mixtures of gases found in air
♪ During inspiration, you breath in or inhale to bring fresh
supply of air into your lungs.
♪ During expiration, you breathe out or exhale to get rid
carbon dioxide or waste gases not needed by your body.
♪ They are then expelled to relieve your body cells of
wastes.

Infants – 30 to 40 times a minute.
Six years old – about to slows down 22 times a
minute.
Your age until your about 25 – further slowed
down about 16 to 18 times a minute.
- An exception when
you are an athlete or
when you engage a hard
work.
- Your Breathing rate
such cases will be
higher.

a. Air enters to your nose. The nostril serve as entrance to your nasal cavities. They are a pair of passage separated by a
bony septum.
b. Inside the right and left nasal cavities are coarse hairs that filter the air and trap any microorganism or dust

T H E L U N G S
∞ Your Lungs occupy twin cavities,
one at each side of the chest.
∞ They separated by your heart,
blood vessels, and your
esophagus.
∞ Each of Lungs is large enough to
fill the pleural division of the
thoracic cavity.
∞It is cone-shaped with its base
pointing downward, resting on the
diaphragm, or sheet of muscle,
below.
∞The top, or apices, on the other
hand, bulge upward.

Your left lung is slightly smaller
than your right.
It has two main division or lobes
while the right lung has three.

Your lungs are
spongy and are covered
by a double pleural
membrane which
secretes mucus.
The mucus acts as a
lubricant, permitting
the lungs to move
freely in the chest
during breathing.
Your lungs fit into a
box-like space. At the

is a process by which waste materials from
the oxidation of food cell in cell metabolism
are removed from living cells.
Carbohydrates breakdown produce
carbon dioxide and water as its waste
products.
These are removed from the body through
the lungs during expiration

Other excretory organ which you have
already studied are you liver which forms urea
and biles.

-- Your skin which
excretes water,
salts and urea in
the form of sweat.
-- Your Large
Intestine, an
organ that
removes feces.

-- is a nitrogenous waste
substances found chiefly in the
urine mammals.
-- another nitrogenous waste products of cell activity, is
insoluble and is mainly found among land animals.

The excretory process ---
Its parts and function
 lower forms of animals, especially one-celled organisms, expel their cells waste products directly into their
environment.
In some protozoan's, excretory processes occur almost similarly.
Euglena expels food materials through the cell membrane.
Amoeba retains undigested food particles in a vacuole and later passes them out at any point in its ccell
membrane

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