際際滷

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USING SMARTPHONES AND 
SMART SENSORS TO CONNECT 
OXFAMS DONATION 
INFRASTRUCTURE 
1
Oxfam community network
Localised Logistics 
Man-with-van 
C温壊界温糸庄稼乙
The challenge & relevance to IoC 
 Lack of driver visibility & understanding 
 Optimising activity & balancing workload 
 Scope for being more reactive to opportunities 
 Fostering greater collaboration between shops 
- Can smartphones & sensors benefit decision 
making in a charity setting
App functionality 
- ios for iPhone, iPad 
- Server at Uni of Edinburgh 
- Smartbin banks report 
03:00 and 15:00 
- Banks (B), Shops (S), Other 
sites (O), Driver (D) 
- All sites are active 
- Click on sites to view menu 
- Messages appear through 
push notifications
Understanding driver 
activity 
6
Viewing driver path 
into the future
Remote monitoring of banks 
for more sustainable logistics 
8 
Fill level
Trials  Longitudinal app trials 
- 21/3 to 28/6 Watford (mon-fri) 
- 3/5  20/9 Dorset (mon-fri) 
- 5/6 to 13/9 Cambridge (mon-wed) 
- 4 drivers, 3 area managers, 10 shop 
managers, 1 depot manager.
Managing Time & Activity 
- 83% of managers believed that their planning and/or 
decision making had improved from knowing where the 
driver currently was and would likely be 
- All but 1 manager agreed that their understanding of how 
time was used in the business had improved 
- The app could just pass on scheduling problems to other 
people unless the rules governing its use were not tightly 
controlled 
It was useful several times to know he was in the local 
vicinity so I could phone him and ask if he could do extra 
work but Im not sure he was to chuffed
Managing Time & Activity 
- 25% of messages sent after 17:00 and 19% after 19:00 
- 67% of managers happy to message out-of-hours 
(younger smartphone enabled managers more inclined). 
People communicated in the evenings. We are all quite 
pressurised by time [during the day] 
Sometimes one has a eureka moment when half asleep 
and you want to send a message straight away. 
- Few messages left on physical infrastructure during trials
Monitoring asset performance 
300 
250 
200 
150 
100 
50 
0 
Net current value per visit
Re-appraising service needs 
Suggested reductions in bank visits on the Watford round 
Site Currently visited Suggested visits 
Snells Wood Every Tuesday Every 3rd Tuesday 
Datchet Every Friday Every 2nd Friday 
Kingfisher Drive Car 
40% of Thursdays 20% of Thursdays 
Park 
Farnham Common Every Tuesday Every 2nd Tuesday 
Asda Tilehurst 60% of Thursdays 40% of Thursdays 
Scope for shops adopting banks and servicing using volunteers
Optimising bank collections 
Area 誌11,000km2 
56 bank sites, 68 shops 
Monitored 40 banks at 21 sites 
Live demo (9 May-19 July, 2013) 
Devised 4-6 vehicle rounds each day 
- visited banks when >50% full 
- fixed collection days for shops
Results - distance 
savings 
15 
Total fleet savings = 1159km 
= 32 km /day 
= 3.2% reduction
Understanding activity patterns 
500 
400 
300 
200 
100 
0 
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri 
Dwell time for 
others activities 
Banks dwell 
time 
Shops dwell 
time 
Travel time
Quantifying the apps impact 
Before & after analysis  difficult to identify app 
benefits: (Oct-Nov V Mar-May when yields are 
significantly greater during the former) 
Before the app With the app % 
Shop dwell 
time (min) 
18.67 15.59 -16.50% 
Bank dwell 
time (min) 
25.83 23.40 -9.41% 
Round orders did change once app implemented and 
Area Managers were influenced by the real-time 
information provided
Scope for greater collaboration 
- 67% managers agreed they had collaborated more 
- Lack of engagement by some members over time 
- Targeting stock to specific outlets and shops sorting for each 
other according to specialism could be a way forward 
- Pressure to meet shop targets can work against collaboration 
- Greater live visibility of stock can put pressure on drivers
Conclusions  IoC & ITS in a charity setting 
- Live visibility of vehicles & volunteers welcomed 
- No privacy issues, but drivers can become swamped with 
requests & back track on round 
- Competition for prime stock advertised by driver 
- Driver prediction function only used to estimate arrival times 
by a few managers 
- Setting area/cluster targets and use the app on a more local 
level to manage cascade (sorting for others) 
- Management structure not geared up for live reporting 
- Ahead of its time!
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Using Smartphones and smart sensors to connect Oxfam's donation infrastructure

  • 1. USING SMARTPHONES AND SMART SENSORS TO CONNECT OXFAMS DONATION INFRASTRUCTURE 1
  • 3. Localised Logistics Man-with-van C温壊界温糸庄稼乙
  • 4. The challenge & relevance to IoC Lack of driver visibility & understanding Optimising activity & balancing workload Scope for being more reactive to opportunities Fostering greater collaboration between shops - Can smartphones & sensors benefit decision making in a charity setting
  • 5. App functionality - ios for iPhone, iPad - Server at Uni of Edinburgh - Smartbin banks report 03:00 and 15:00 - Banks (B), Shops (S), Other sites (O), Driver (D) - All sites are active - Click on sites to view menu - Messages appear through push notifications
  • 7. Viewing driver path into the future
  • 8. Remote monitoring of banks for more sustainable logistics 8 Fill level
  • 9. Trials Longitudinal app trials - 21/3 to 28/6 Watford (mon-fri) - 3/5 20/9 Dorset (mon-fri) - 5/6 to 13/9 Cambridge (mon-wed) - 4 drivers, 3 area managers, 10 shop managers, 1 depot manager.
  • 10. Managing Time & Activity - 83% of managers believed that their planning and/or decision making had improved from knowing where the driver currently was and would likely be - All but 1 manager agreed that their understanding of how time was used in the business had improved - The app could just pass on scheduling problems to other people unless the rules governing its use were not tightly controlled It was useful several times to know he was in the local vicinity so I could phone him and ask if he could do extra work but Im not sure he was to chuffed
  • 11. Managing Time & Activity - 25% of messages sent after 17:00 and 19% after 19:00 - 67% of managers happy to message out-of-hours (younger smartphone enabled managers more inclined). People communicated in the evenings. We are all quite pressurised by time [during the day] Sometimes one has a eureka moment when half asleep and you want to send a message straight away. - Few messages left on physical infrastructure during trials
  • 12. Monitoring asset performance 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Net current value per visit
  • 13. Re-appraising service needs Suggested reductions in bank visits on the Watford round Site Currently visited Suggested visits Snells Wood Every Tuesday Every 3rd Tuesday Datchet Every Friday Every 2nd Friday Kingfisher Drive Car 40% of Thursdays 20% of Thursdays Park Farnham Common Every Tuesday Every 2nd Tuesday Asda Tilehurst 60% of Thursdays 40% of Thursdays Scope for shops adopting banks and servicing using volunteers
  • 14. Optimising bank collections Area 誌11,000km2 56 bank sites, 68 shops Monitored 40 banks at 21 sites Live demo (9 May-19 July, 2013) Devised 4-6 vehicle rounds each day - visited banks when >50% full - fixed collection days for shops
  • 15. Results - distance savings 15 Total fleet savings = 1159km = 32 km /day = 3.2% reduction
  • 16. Understanding activity patterns 500 400 300 200 100 0 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Dwell time for others activities Banks dwell time Shops dwell time Travel time
  • 17. Quantifying the apps impact Before & after analysis difficult to identify app benefits: (Oct-Nov V Mar-May when yields are significantly greater during the former) Before the app With the app % Shop dwell time (min) 18.67 15.59 -16.50% Bank dwell time (min) 25.83 23.40 -9.41% Round orders did change once app implemented and Area Managers were influenced by the real-time information provided
  • 18. Scope for greater collaboration - 67% managers agreed they had collaborated more - Lack of engagement by some members over time - Targeting stock to specific outlets and shops sorting for each other according to specialism could be a way forward - Pressure to meet shop targets can work against collaboration - Greater live visibility of stock can put pressure on drivers
  • 19. Conclusions IoC & ITS in a charity setting - Live visibility of vehicles & volunteers welcomed - No privacy issues, but drivers can become swamped with requests & back track on round - Competition for prime stock advertised by driver - Driver prediction function only used to estimate arrival times by a few managers - Setting area/cluster targets and use the app on a more local level to manage cascade (sorting for others) - Management structure not geared up for live reporting - Ahead of its time!