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Parallelism

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Susan Kelly
Susan Kelly

The document defines parallelism as using the same grammatical pattern when listing items in a sentence. It provides examples of parallel structures using -ing verbs, infinitives, and adverbs. The document notes that patterns should not be mixed within a sentence and provides examples of non-parallel constructions. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining parallel structure for clarity and effective communication.

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Parallelism Susan Kelly
What is Parallelism? Using the same pattern when listing items in a sentence.
Examples Some examples: Jem enjoyed playing football and exploring the neighborhood. All consist of ---ing and a noun Scout liked to swim, to read and to play. All consist of infinitives (to verbs) The judge wrote his report quickly, accurately, and thoroughly. All consist of adverbs.
Parallel Clauses A lawyer should give an opening speech, question witnesses and give a closing argument.
Never Mix Patterns Wrong: I like to swim and playing basketball. Atticus explains things to Scout kindly and in a clear way. We were hungry and in need of sleep.
Wrong Clauses The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that there would be time for him to show his slide presentation, and that questions would be asked by prospective buyers.
Not Parallel The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and to do some warm- up exercises before the game.
Parallel The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and that they should do some warm-up exercises before the game. or The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, not eat too much, and do some warm-up exercises before the game.
Fix These The children think Boo is crazy and acts dangerously. Scout likes to play with boys and reading with her father. Calpernia teaches Scout to behave and is a good cook.

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Parallelism

  • 2. What is Parallelism? Using the same pattern when listing items in a sentence.
  • 3. Examples Some examples: Jem enjoyed playing football and exploring the neighborhood. All consist of ---ing and a noun Scout liked to swim, to read and to play. All consist of infinitives (to verbs) The judge wrote his report quickly, accurately, and thoroughly. All consist of adverbs.
  • 4. Parallel Clauses A lawyer should give an opening speech, question witnesses and give a closing argument.
  • 5. Never Mix Patterns Wrong: I like to swim and playing basketball. Atticus explains things to Scout kindly and in a clear way. We were hungry and in need of sleep.
  • 6. Wrong Clauses The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that there would be time for him to show his slide presentation, and that questions would be asked by prospective buyers.
  • 7. Not Parallel The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and to do some warm- up exercises before the game.
  • 8. Parallel The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and that they should do some warm-up exercises before the game. or The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, not eat too much, and do some warm-up exercises before the game.
  • 9. Fix These The children think Boo is crazy and acts dangerously. Scout likes to play with boys and reading with her father. Calpernia teaches Scout to behave and is a good cook.