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PASSION NARRATIVESPASSION NARRATIVES
5 STEPS TO THE DEATH OF5 STEPS TO THE DEATH OF
CHRISTCHRIST

CITATIONSCITATIONS
 MT 26:47-27:34MT 26:47-27:34
 MK 14:43-15:25MK 14:43-15:25
 LK 22:47-23:33LK 22:47-23:33
 JN 18:1-19:22JN 18:1-19:22

STAGESSTAGES
 1---ARREST1---ARREST
 2---FIRST TRIAL2---FIRST TRIAL
 3---SECOND AND THIRD TRIAL3---SECOND AND THIRD TRIAL
 4---VIA DELOROSA4---VIA DELOROSA
 5---CRUCIFIXION5---CRUCIFIXION

STAGE 1---ARRESTSTAGE 1---ARREST
 Judas leads the guards to find JesusJudas leads the guards to find Jesus
 Judas identifies Jesus by kissing him onJudas identifies Jesus by kissing him on
both cheeksboth cheeks
 In addition to temple guards, there wereIn addition to temple guards, there were
other men in the groupother men in the group
 The group was led by MalchusThe group was led by Malchus
 Malchus was the high priest’s mainMalchus was the high priest’s main
servant or chief of staffservant or chief of staff

Arrest-continuedArrest-continued
 Peter draws a sword and cuts off the earPeter draws a sword and cuts off the ear
of Malchusof Malchus
 Jesus rebukes PeterJesus rebukes Peter
 Jesus heals the ear of MalchusJesus heals the ear of Malchus
 Jesus agrees to go peacefullyJesus agrees to go peacefully
 The disciples scatter into the woodsThe disciples scatter into the woods

Stage 2---1Stage 2---1stst
TrialTrial
 The mob lead Jesus through the streets toThe mob lead Jesus through the streets to
the home of Caiaphasthe home of Caiaphas
 Peter follows at a distancePeter follows at a distance
 Jesus is led inside while Peter stops in theJesus is led inside while Peter stops in the
courtyardcourtyard
 This trial is illegalThis trial is illegal

11stst
Trial--continuedTrial--continued
 Reasons for illegalityReasons for illegality
 1-1- Trial at nightTrial at night
 2-2- Trial in secretTrial in secret
 3-3- Not all members were presentNot all members were present
 4-4- False witnesses usedFalse witnesses used
 Jesus is charged with blasphemyJesus is charged with blasphemy

11stst
Trial--continuedTrial--continued
 Trial ends at dawnTrial ends at dawn
 Peter is questioned about JesusPeter is questioned about Jesus
 Peter denies knowing Jesus three timesPeter denies knowing Jesus three times
 The third time happens as Jesus is led outThe third time happens as Jesus is led out
of the house at dawnof the house at dawn
 Rooster crows after the third denialRooster crows after the third denial

11stst
trial--continuedtrial--continued
 Jesus is led to the TempleJesus is led to the Temple
 Attempted to legalize the convictionAttempted to legalize the conviction
 Met at the Chamber of Hewn StoneMet at the Chamber of Hewn Stone
 Jesus formally charged withJesus formally charged with
 BLASPHEMYBLASPHEMY
 A sin against the name of GodA sin against the name of God
 Claimed to have power from GodClaimed to have power from God

Stage 3---2Stage 3---2ndnd
and 3and 3rdrd
TrialsTrials
 Jesus is led through the streets toJesus is led through the streets to
Antonio’s FortressAntonio’s Fortress
 This is the residence of Pontius Pilate, theThis is the residence of Pontius Pilate, the
Roman Governor or ProcuratorRoman Governor or Procurator
 Caiaphas demands that Pilate executeCaiaphas demands that Pilate execute
Jesus because he knows the trial can beJesus because he knows the trial can be
called illegalcalled illegal

22ndnd
and 3and 3rdrd
Trials--ContinuedTrials--Continued
 Pilate questions JesusPilate questions Jesus
 Pilate and Caiaphas were playing a gamePilate and Caiaphas were playing a game
of politics and one-upmanshipof politics and one-upmanship
 Caiaphas wanted Pilate to execute JesusCaiaphas wanted Pilate to execute Jesus
so Caiaphas could deny involvementso Caiaphas could deny involvement
 Pilate did not want to execute because hePilate did not want to execute because he
wanted to embarrass Caiaphaswanted to embarrass Caiaphas
 Pilate really did not carePilate really did not care

22ndnd
and 3and 3rdrd
Trials--continuedTrials--continued
 Pilate sends Jesus to Herod Antipas, thePilate sends Jesus to Herod Antipas, the
King of GalileeKing of Galilee
 Herod wanted Jesus to perform for himHerod wanted Jesus to perform for him
 When Jesus refused, he got angry andWhen Jesus refused, he got angry and
sent him backsent him back

22ndnd
and 3and 3rdrd
 Jesus is sent to the Praetorium, theJesus is sent to the Praetorium, the
administrative officesadministrative offices
 Pilate continues to try to find a way to freePilate continues to try to find a way to free
JesusJesus
 Pilate offers the people a choicePilate offers the people a choice
 BARABBASBARABBAS
 JESUSJESUS

22ndnd
and 3and 3rdrd
 Barabbas was known asBarabbas was known as
JesusJesus BarBarabbasabbas
 Name could have confused Pilate as theyName could have confused Pilate as they
both sounded similarboth sounded similar
 Pilate had Jesus scourgedPilate had Jesus scourged
 Whipped 39 times to avoid violating lawWhipped 39 times to avoid violating law
 Given a crown of thornsGiven a crown of thorns

22ndnd
and 3and 3rdrd
 Caiaphas accuses Jesus of namingCaiaphas accuses Jesus of naming
himself a kinghimself a king
 This puts him in opposition to CaesarThis puts him in opposition to Caesar
 Pilate has no choice but to convict JesusPilate has no choice but to convict Jesus
ofof TREASONTREASON
 Pilate washes his hands of the guilt of thisPilate washes his hands of the guilt of this
sentence as a last attack on Caiaphassentence as a last attack on Caiaphas

Stage 4---VIA DELOROSAStage 4---VIA DELOROSA
 The Way of Sorrow or of SufferingThe Way of Sorrow or of Suffering
 Consists of many of the Stations of theConsists of many of the Stations of the
CrossCross
 Begins when Jesus is given part of hisBegins when Jesus is given part of his
cross to carrycross to carry
 There are three non-biblical storiesThere are three non-biblical stories
 There are two biblical storiesThere are two biblical stories

Via Delorosa--continuedVia Delorosa--continued
 Cross part is only horizontal or crossbarCross part is only horizontal or crossbar
 Cross was laid over the shoulders and tiedCross was laid over the shoulders and tied
 Guards accompanied Jesus through theGuards accompanied Jesus through the
streetsstreets
 Was meant to be public spectacleWas meant to be public spectacle

Via Delarosa (non-biblical)Via Delarosa (non-biblical)
 Veronica wipes the blood off his faceVeronica wipes the blood off his face
 Still wearing the crown of thornsStill wearing the crown of thorns
 Image stained the clothImage stained the cloth
 Name may mean “true icon” from veraName may mean “true icon” from vera
ikon or ‘she who brings victory” fromikon or ‘she who brings victory” from
BeronikeBeronike

 Jesus meets his mother along the wayJesus meets his mother along the way
 It seems natural that Mary would wait forIt seems natural that Mary would wait for
her son to come byher son to come by
 Guards would not do anything to stop herGuards would not do anything to stop her

 Jesus falls three timesJesus falls three times
 He probably fell many more timesHe probably fell many more times
 Each fall represents a person of the TrinityEach fall represents a person of the Trinity

Via Delarosa (biblical)Via Delarosa (biblical)
 Simon of Cyrene carries the CrossSimon of Cyrene carries the Cross
 Cyrene is in Northern AfricaCyrene is in Northern Africa
 Simon was a farmerSimon was a farmer
 Sons present as wellSons present as well
 Alexander and RufusAlexander and Rufus

Via Delarosa (biblical)Via Delarosa (biblical)
 Jesus encounters the weeping women ofJesus encounters the weeping women of
JerusalemJerusalem
 Tells them not to weep for him but weepTells them not to weep for him but weep
for themselvesfor themselves
 Prophesies the persecution of the JewsProphesies the persecution of the Jews
 Masada fallsMasada falls

STAGE 5---CRUCIFIXIONSTAGE 5---CRUCIFIXION
 Jesus carries the cross to CalvaryJesus carries the cross to Calvary
 Calvary was local dump for JerusalemCalvary was local dump for Jerusalem
 Within Calvary was the location forWithin Calvary was the location for
execution called Golgothaexecution called Golgotha
 Golgotha is the Place of the SkullGolgotha is the Place of the Skull

Crucifixion--continuedCrucifixion--continued
 Jesus is laid on the cross barJesus is laid on the cross bar
 Large nails are hammered into his handsLarge nails are hammered into his hands
 New tradition says nails in the wrist toNew tradition says nails in the wrist to
support bodysupport body
 Recent research shows nails in palms canRecent research shows nails in palms can
support body if feet are nailedsupport body if feet are nailed

 Sign placed above the head of JesusSign placed above the head of Jesus
 Sign written in three languagesSign written in three languages
 Hebrew—language of religionHebrew—language of religion
 Greek—language of commerce and learningGreek—language of commerce and learning
 Latin—language of governmentLatin—language of government

 Sign saidSign said
 JESUS OF NAZARETH, KING OF THEJESUS OF NAZARETH, KING OF THE
JEWSJEWS
 IIESUSESUS NNAZORENUS,AZORENUS, RREXEX
IIUDAEORUMUDAEORUM

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