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Passive

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Analía Roitman
Analía Roitman

The document discusses the difference between active and passive verbs. It provides examples showing that active verbs indicate what the subject does, while passive verbs indicate what happens to the subject. The passive voice often omits the person or thing performing the action. It then explains the construction of passive voice sentences and compares active and passive verb forms across different tenses.

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This house was built in 1950 WAS BUILT is passive Compare ACTIVE and PASSIVE My father built this house in 1930. (active) subject object This house was built in 1930. (passive) subject
We use an ACTIVE VERB to say what the subject does: - My father was a builder. He built this house in 1950. - Jane cleans her room every day We use a PASSIVE VERB to say what happens to the subject: - The house was built in 1950. - The room is cleaned every day
When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant. The focus is ON THE ACTION - This house was built in 1930. (somebody built it but we don´t know who) - The room is cleaned every day. (we don´t know who cleans it or it´s not important)
If we want to say who does or what causes the action, we use by: - This house was built by my father - The room is cleaned by Jane
Construction of the passive voice SUBJECT + AUXILIARY VERB + MAIN VERB (BE) (PAST PARTICIPLE) The house was built in 1950 The room is cleaned every day Students are being tested now The law will be discussed next week
TENSE SUBJECT VERB OBJECT SIMPLE ACTIVE RITA WRITES A LETTER PRESENT PASSIVE A LETTER IS WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA WROTE A LETTER SIMPLE PAST PASSIVE A LETTER WAS WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA IS WRITING A LETTER PRESENT CONTINUOUS PASSIVE A LETTER IS BEING WRITTEN BY RITA PAST ACTIVE RITA WAS WRITING A LETTER CONTINUOUS PASSIVE A LETTER WAS BEING WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA HAS WRITTEN A LETTER PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE A LETTER HAS BEEN WRITTEN BY RITA
TENSE SUBJECT VERB OBJECT ACTIVE RITA HAD WRITTEN A LETTER PAST PERFECT PASSIVE A LETTER HAD BEEN WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA IS GOING TO WRITE A LETTER GOING TO PASSIVE A LETTER IS GOING TO BE WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA WILL WRITE A LETTER SIMPLE FUTURE PASSIVE A LETTER WILL BE WRITTEN BY RITA

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Passive

  • 1. This house was built in 1950 WAS BUILT is passive Compare ACTIVE and PASSIVE My father built this house in 1930. (active) subject object This house was built in 1930. (passive) subject
  • 2. We use an ACTIVE VERB to say what the subject does: - My father was a builder. He built this house in 1950. - Jane cleans her room every day We use a PASSIVE VERB to say what happens to the subject: - The house was built in 1950. - The room is cleaned every day
  • 3. When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant. The focus is ON THE ACTION - This house was built in 1930. (somebody built it but we don´t know who) - The room is cleaned every day. (we don´t know who cleans it or it´s not important)
  • 4. If we want to say who does or what causes the action, we use by: - This house was built by my father - The room is cleaned by Jane
  • 5. Construction of the passive voice SUBJECT + AUXILIARY VERB + MAIN VERB (BE) (PAST PARTICIPLE) The house was built in 1950 The room is cleaned every day Students are being tested now The law will be discussed next week
  • 6. TENSE SUBJECT VERB OBJECT SIMPLE ACTIVE RITA WRITES A LETTER PRESENT PASSIVE A LETTER IS WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA WROTE A LETTER SIMPLE PAST PASSIVE A LETTER WAS WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA IS WRITING A LETTER PRESENT CONTINUOUS PASSIVE A LETTER IS BEING WRITTEN BY RITA PAST ACTIVE RITA WAS WRITING A LETTER CONTINUOUS PASSIVE A LETTER WAS BEING WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA HAS WRITTEN A LETTER PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE A LETTER HAS BEEN WRITTEN BY RITA
  • 7. TENSE SUBJECT VERB OBJECT ACTIVE RITA HAD WRITTEN A LETTER PAST PERFECT PASSIVE A LETTER HAD BEEN WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA IS GOING TO WRITE A LETTER GOING TO PASSIVE A LETTER IS GOING TO BE WRITTEN BY RITA ACTIVE RITA WILL WRITE A LETTER SIMPLE FUTURE PASSIVE A LETTER WILL BE WRITTEN BY RITA