Persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart condition found in patients of all ages that involves the failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth. The effects of PDA depend on the specific anatomy and other heart issues. While surgery was originally used to treat PDA starting in 1939, over the last 3 decades catheter procedures have replaced surgery for most patients. Advances in echocardiography have also improved the detection and understanding of PDA in people of all ages. Proper diagnosis and treatment can prevent or reduce complications from PDA.
2. PDA is a cardiovascular disorder found in patients of all ages from premature infants to older adults. The clinical implications vary depending on the anatomy of the ductus arteriosus and the underlying cardiovascular status of the patient. Surgical treatment for PDA was introduced from 1939. Conclusion--- cntd...
3. Over the past 3 decades trans-catheter techniques have replaced the surgical therapy in most patients with PDA. Concurrently, advances in diagnostic echocardiography and it’s widespread availability have resulted in improved detection and characterization of PDA in patients of all ages. Complications of PDA can be avoided or ameliorated by appropriate diagnosis and management. Conclusion---contd...