Pda Part 7 Conclusion
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Persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart condition found in patients of all ages that involves the failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth. The effects of PDA depend on the specific anatomy and other heart issues. While surgery was originally used to treat PDA starting in 1939, over the last 3 decades catheter procedures have replaced surgery for most patients. Advances in echocardiography have also improved the detection and understanding of PDA in people of all ages. Proper diagnosis and treatment can prevent or reduce complications from PDA.
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The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a fetal blood vessel that normally closes after birth. It connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta. During fetal life, it allows most blood to bypass the high-resistance lungs and go to the systemic circulation. After birth, factors like decreased prostaglandins and increased oxygen cause the PDA to contract and close within 3 weeks. A PDA that remains open is called a patent ductus arteriosus. This allows oxygenated blood to shunt from the aorta back to the pulmonary artery, overloading the left heart and lungs. If left untreated, it can cause the pulmonary vascular resistance to rise over time and reverse the shunt to become right-Pda Part 2 Epidemiology
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Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect where the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth. It occurs in approximately 1 in 2000 full term infants and 8 per 1000 premature births. The incidence is higher in preterm infants, with rates of 50-80% in infants under 26 weeks gestation. If left untreated, PDA has a mortality rate of 20% by age 20, 45% by age 45, and 60% by age 60.Management Of PDA
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There are three main options to treat a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): medical management using drugs like indomethacin or ibuprofen, catheter-based procedures to implant occlusion devices, or surgery to ligate and divide the ductus. Medical management aims to treat or prevent heart failure, infective endocarditis, and pulmonary vascular disease. Catheter procedures are usually done after the neonatal period for moderate to large PDAs. Surgery is indicated if medical treatment fails or for treatment of related congenital heart defects, and involves ligating and dividing the ductus via thoracotomy.Ad
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Pda Part 7 Conclusion
- 1. Conclusion
- 2. PDA is a cardiovascular disorder found in patients of all ages from premature infants to older adults. The clinical implications vary depending on the anatomy of the ductus arteriosus and the underlying cardiovascular status of the patient. Surgical treatment for PDA was introduced from 1939. Conclusion--- cntd...
- 3. Over the past 3 decades trans-catheter techniques have replaced the surgical therapy in most patients with PDA. Concurrently, advances in diagnostic echocardiography and its widespread availability have resulted in improved detection and characterization of PDA in patients of all ages. Complications of PDA can be avoided or ameliorated by appropriate diagnosis and management. Conclusion---contd...
- 4. Thank you