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Antibiotics
 Used to kill or slow down the growth of
bacteria
 Most are semisynthetic variations of
natural compounds
 Can be administrated orally,
intravenously, or topically
 Penicillin was the first antibiotic

Uses
 Do not fight:
 Colds
 Flu
 Most coughs and bronchitis
 Sore throats, (unless caused by strep)

Classes
 Bactericidal- Target  Fluoroquinolones
the bacterial cell wall,  Sulfonamides
the cell membrane, or  Tetracyclines
interfere with essential
enzymes  Aminoglycosides
 Bacteriostatic- Target
protein synthesis
 Penicillin's
 Cephalosporins
 Marcolides

Antihistamines
 Targets the immune system response
that leads to allergy symptoms
 Reduce or block the action of histamines
by preventing them from attaching to
their receptors
 Most common side effect is drowsiness

Forms
 Comes in the forms of
 Tablets
 Capsules
 liquids
 Nasal sprays
 Eye drops

Popular Examples
 Benadryl
 Allegra
 Zyrtec
 Clarinex
 Claritin

Decongestant
 Used to relieve nasal congestion in the
upper respiratory tract
 Pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine are
the active ingredients in most
 Function by enhancing norepinephrine
and epinephrine
 This induces vasoconstriction of the blood
vessels in the nose, throat, and paranasal
sinuses

Examples
 Sudafed
 Afrin nasal spray
 Visine eye drops
 Allegra-D
 Zyrtec-D

Side Effects
 Should not be used for more than 3-5
days
 Can cause insomnia
 Increased blood pressure
 Reduced movement of mucus out of the
nose
 Nervousness or irritability

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