4. 劑量
?Adults~
?Loading dose: 15 mg/kg in 1 to 3 divided doses (q2-4h)
?Maintenance dose: 4-7 mg/kg/day in 2 to 4 divided doses (8-12
h after LD)
?Titration dose: +100mg q2-4w
**adjust BW= (ABW-IBW) × 1.33+IBW
?Dose stepped down~
?-50mg q2~4w , withdrawing over 2 to 6 months
5. TDM
?Sampling time: trough (2-4 hr after LD or after 4 MD)
?Therapeutic range: 10-20 mcg/mL
?Time to steady-state: 5-30+ days (variable with level)
?根據Michaelis–Menten equation得出:
?1.PHT「預期的」血中濃度越高,MD不會等比成長,反而
會變定值~因為代謝飽和了
?2.PHT「預期的」血中濃度越高,t1/2會越長~所以到達stea
dy state時間會拉長
?3.抽出來的濃度,在下列情形需要校正:ALB<4.5g/dL或eGF
R<10 mL/min
6. 影響血中濃度因子
?Product formulation
?Administration route: IM, NG/ND feeding
?Altered GI function
?Hypoalbuminemia: liver disease, burn, elderly, malnut
rition
?Displacement from endogenous compouds: renal failur
e, hyperbilirubinemia (T-bil > 15 mg/dL)
?Displacement from exogenous compouds: warfarin, va
ilproate, NSAIDs
?Drug-drug interaction: enzyme-inducer, enzyme-inhibi
tor