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Philippine Literature
Definition of Literature
Some loosely interpret literature as any
printed matter written within a book, a
magazine or a pamphlet. Others define
literature as a faithful reproduction of mans
manifold experiences blended into one
harmonious expression.
Because literature deals with ideas, thoughts and emotions of
man, literature can be said to be the story of man. Mans
loves, griefs, thoughts, dreams and aspirations coached in
beautiful language is literature.
Brother Azurin, said that literature expresses the feelings of
people to society, to the government, to his surroundings, to
his fellowmen and to his Divine Creator.The expression of
ones feelings, according to him, may be through love, sorrow,
happiness, hatred, anger, pity, contempt or revenge.
ForWebster, literature is anything that is printed as long as
it is related to the ideas and feeling s of people, whether it
is true, or just a product of ones imagination.
In PANITIKANG PILOPINO written by Atienza, Ramos,
Salazar and Nazal, it says that true literature is a piece of
written work which is undying. It expresses the feelings and
emotions of people in response to his everyday efforts to
live, to be happy in his environment and, after struggles, to
reach his Creator.
Why We Need to Study Phil. Lit?
So that we can better appreciate our literary heritage
So that well understand that we have a great and noble
tradition which can serve as the means to assimilate
other cultures
So that well realize our literary limitations conditioned
by certain historical factors and we can take steps to
overcome them.
Time Frames of Philippine Literature in English
 The Period of Re-orientation (1898-1910)
 Period of Imitation(1910-1925)
 Period of Self-Discovery (1925-1941)
 Japanese Period (1941-1945)
 The Rebirth of Freedom (1946-1970)
 Period of Activism (1970-1972)
 Period of the New Society (1972-1981)
 Period of theThird Republic (1981-1985)
 Contemporary Period (1986-)
Literary Compositions
that Have Influenced
the World
1. The Bible or
the Sacred
Writings
2. Koran
3. The Illiad
and Odyssey
4. The Mahab-
harata
5. Canterbury
Tales
6. Uncle Toms
Cabin
7. The Divine
Comedy
8. El Cid
Compeador
9. The Song of
Roland
10. The Book
of the Dead
11. The Book
of the Days
12. One
Thousand and
One Nights or
The Arabian
Nights
General Types of Literature
Prose
Poetry
Types of Prose
1. Novel
This is a long narrative divided into
chapters.The events are taken from
true-to-life stories and spans a long
period of time.There are many
characters involved.
2. Short Story
This is a narrative involving one or
more characters, one plot and one
single impression.
3. Plays
This is presented on stage, is
divided into acts and each act has
many scenes.
4. Legends
These are fictitious narratives
usually about origins.
5. Fables
These are also fictitious and they deal
with animals and inanimate things who
speak and act like people and their
purpose is to enlighten the minds of
children to events that can mold their
ways and attitudes.
6. Anecdotes
These are merely products of the
writers imagination and the main
aim is to bring out lessons to the
reader. It can be stories about
animals or children.
7. Essay
This expresses the viewpoint or opinion
of the writer about a particular problem
or event.
8. Biography
This deals with the life of a person
which may be about himself, is
autobiography or that of others.
9. News
This is a report of everyday events in
society, government, science and
industry, and accidents, happening
nationally or not.
10. Oration
This is a formal treatment of a subject
and is intended to be spoken in public. It
appeals to the intellect, to the will or to
the emotions of the audience.
Types of Poetry
1. Narrative Poetry
This form describes important
events in life either real or
imaginary.
Varieties of
Narrative
Poetry
a. Epic
This is an extended narrative about
heroic exploits often under
supernatural control. It may deal
with heroes and gods.
Two Kinds Of Epic
Poetry
Popular or Ancient
Literary or Modern
b. Metrical Tale
This is a narrative which is
written in verse and can be
classified either as a ballad or a
metrical romance.
c. Ballads
Of the narrative poems, this is
considered the shortest and
simplest. It has a simple structure
and tells a single incident.
The variations are love ballads, war
ballads, sea ballads, humorous,
moral, historical or mythical
ballads. In the early times, this
referred to a song accompanying a
dance.
2. Lyric Poetry
Originally, this refers to that kind of
poetry meant to be sung to the
accompaniment of a lyre, but, now this
applies to any type of poetry that
expresses emotions and feelings of the
poet.
They are usually short, simple and
easy to understand.
Different
Types of Lyric
Poetry
a. Folksongs
These are short poems intended to be
sung.The common theme is love,
despair, grief, doubt, joy, hope and
sorrow.
b. Sonnets
This is a lyric poem of 14 lines dealing
with an emotion, a feeling, or an idea.
Two types: Shakespearean and
Petrarchan
c. Elegy
This is a lyric poem which expresses
feelings of grief and melancholy, and
whose theme is death.
d. Ode
This is a poem of a noble feeling,
expressed with dignity, with no definite
number of syllables or definite number
of lines in a stanza.
e. Psalms
This is a song praising God or the
Virgin Mary and containing a
philosophy of life.
f. Awit
These have measures of 12
syllables and slowly sung to the
accompaniment of a guitar or
banduria.
g. Corridos
These have measures of eight
syllables and recited to a
martial beat.
3. Dramatic Poetry
is any drama that is written in verse
that is meant to be recited. It
usually tells a story or refers to a
situation.
Forms of
Dramatic Poetry
a. Comedy
This form usually is light and
written with the purpose of
amusing, and usually has a happy
ending.
b. Melodrama
This is usually used in musical plays
with the opera. It arouses immediate
and intense emotion and is usually
sad but there is a happy ending for
the principal character.
c. Tragedy
This involves the hero struggling
mightily against dynamic forces; he
meets death or ruin without success
and satisfaction obtained by the
protagonist in a comedy
d. Farce
This is an exaggerated comedy. It seeks
to arouse mirth by laughable lines;
situations are too ridiculous to be true;
the characters seem to be caricatures
and the motives undignified and absurd.
e. Social Poems
This forms either purely comic or
tragic and it pictures the life of
today. It may aim to bring about
changes in the social conditions.

More Related Content

Philippine Literature

  • 2. Definition of Literature Some loosely interpret literature as any printed matter written within a book, a magazine or a pamphlet. Others define literature as a faithful reproduction of mans manifold experiences blended into one harmonious expression.
  • 3. Because literature deals with ideas, thoughts and emotions of man, literature can be said to be the story of man. Mans loves, griefs, thoughts, dreams and aspirations coached in beautiful language is literature. Brother Azurin, said that literature expresses the feelings of people to society, to the government, to his surroundings, to his fellowmen and to his Divine Creator.The expression of ones feelings, according to him, may be through love, sorrow, happiness, hatred, anger, pity, contempt or revenge.
  • 4. ForWebster, literature is anything that is printed as long as it is related to the ideas and feeling s of people, whether it is true, or just a product of ones imagination. In PANITIKANG PILOPINO written by Atienza, Ramos, Salazar and Nazal, it says that true literature is a piece of written work which is undying. It expresses the feelings and emotions of people in response to his everyday efforts to live, to be happy in his environment and, after struggles, to reach his Creator.
  • 5. Why We Need to Study Phil. Lit? So that we can better appreciate our literary heritage So that well understand that we have a great and noble tradition which can serve as the means to assimilate other cultures So that well realize our literary limitations conditioned by certain historical factors and we can take steps to overcome them.
  • 6. Time Frames of Philippine Literature in English The Period of Re-orientation (1898-1910) Period of Imitation(1910-1925) Period of Self-Discovery (1925-1941) Japanese Period (1941-1945) The Rebirth of Freedom (1946-1970) Period of Activism (1970-1972) Period of the New Society (1972-1981) Period of theThird Republic (1981-1985) Contemporary Period (1986-)
  • 7. Literary Compositions that Have Influenced the World
  • 8. 1. The Bible or the Sacred Writings
  • 10. 3. The Illiad and Odyssey
  • 16. 9. The Song of Roland
  • 17. 10. The Book of the Dead
  • 18. 11. The Book of the Days
  • 19. 12. One Thousand and One Nights or The Arabian Nights
  • 20. General Types of Literature Prose Poetry
  • 22. 1. Novel This is a long narrative divided into chapters.The events are taken from true-to-life stories and spans a long period of time.There are many characters involved.
  • 23. 2. Short Story This is a narrative involving one or more characters, one plot and one single impression.
  • 24. 3. Plays This is presented on stage, is divided into acts and each act has many scenes.
  • 25. 4. Legends These are fictitious narratives usually about origins.
  • 26. 5. Fables These are also fictitious and they deal with animals and inanimate things who speak and act like people and their purpose is to enlighten the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes.
  • 27. 6. Anecdotes These are merely products of the writers imagination and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader. It can be stories about animals or children.
  • 28. 7. Essay This expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a particular problem or event.
  • 29. 8. Biography This deals with the life of a person which may be about himself, is autobiography or that of others.
  • 30. 9. News This is a report of everyday events in society, government, science and industry, and accidents, happening nationally or not.
  • 31. 10. Oration This is a formal treatment of a subject and is intended to be spoken in public. It appeals to the intellect, to the will or to the emotions of the audience.
  • 33. 1. Narrative Poetry This form describes important events in life either real or imaginary.
  • 35. a. Epic This is an extended narrative about heroic exploits often under supernatural control. It may deal with heroes and gods.
  • 36. Two Kinds Of Epic Poetry Popular or Ancient Literary or Modern
  • 37. b. Metrical Tale This is a narrative which is written in verse and can be classified either as a ballad or a metrical romance.
  • 38. c. Ballads Of the narrative poems, this is considered the shortest and simplest. It has a simple structure and tells a single incident.
  • 39. The variations are love ballads, war ballads, sea ballads, humorous, moral, historical or mythical ballads. In the early times, this referred to a song accompanying a dance.
  • 40. 2. Lyric Poetry Originally, this refers to that kind of poetry meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre, but, now this applies to any type of poetry that expresses emotions and feelings of the poet.
  • 41. They are usually short, simple and easy to understand.
  • 43. a. Folksongs These are short poems intended to be sung.The common theme is love, despair, grief, doubt, joy, hope and sorrow.
  • 44. b. Sonnets This is a lyric poem of 14 lines dealing with an emotion, a feeling, or an idea. Two types: Shakespearean and Petrarchan
  • 45. c. Elegy This is a lyric poem which expresses feelings of grief and melancholy, and whose theme is death.
  • 46. d. Ode This is a poem of a noble feeling, expressed with dignity, with no definite number of syllables or definite number of lines in a stanza.
  • 47. e. Psalms This is a song praising God or the Virgin Mary and containing a philosophy of life.
  • 48. f. Awit These have measures of 12 syllables and slowly sung to the accompaniment of a guitar or banduria.
  • 49. g. Corridos These have measures of eight syllables and recited to a martial beat.
  • 50. 3. Dramatic Poetry is any drama that is written in verse that is meant to be recited. It usually tells a story or refers to a situation.
  • 52. a. Comedy This form usually is light and written with the purpose of amusing, and usually has a happy ending.
  • 53. b. Melodrama This is usually used in musical plays with the opera. It arouses immediate and intense emotion and is usually sad but there is a happy ending for the principal character.
  • 54. c. Tragedy This involves the hero struggling mightily against dynamic forces; he meets death or ruin without success and satisfaction obtained by the protagonist in a comedy
  • 55. d. Farce This is an exaggerated comedy. It seeks to arouse mirth by laughable lines; situations are too ridiculous to be true; the characters seem to be caricatures and the motives undignified and absurd.
  • 56. e. Social Poems This forms either purely comic or tragic and it pictures the life of today. It may aim to bring about changes in the social conditions.