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Php

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Ajay Kumar
Ajay Kumar

This document provides an overview of PHP, including: - PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and is a popular open-source scripting language used for web development. - PHP features include easy learning, a large function library, ability to embed code directly into HTML, and compatibility with many databases and servers. - PHP can be used for e-commerce sites, content management, community building, and more. Its history began in 1995 and it is now used on over 10 million websites. - The document discusses PHP implementations, basics of PHP syntax and control structures, and provides an example of a simple "Hello World" PHP program. It also notes some potential security issues to be aware of.

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By N. Ajay Kumar
Contents Introduction What is PHP? Features Uses of PHP Where it is used? History of PHP Implementations Basics of PHP An Example Security Issues Conclusion
What is PHP?What is PHP? PHP PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor Originally called Personal Home Page Tools Popular server-side scripting technology Open-source Anyone may view, modify and redistribute source code Supported freely by community Platform independent 3
Source-code not visible by client View Source in browsers does not display the PHP code Various built-in functions allow for fast development PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.) PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)
PHP FeaturesPHP Features Easy learning Syntax Perl- and C-like syntax. Relatively easy to learn. Large function library Embedded directly into HTML Interpreted, no need to compile Open Source server-side scripting language designed specifically for the web.
PHP Features(cont.)PHP Features(cont.) Conceived in 1994, now used on +10 million web sites. Outputs not only HTML but can output XML, images (JPG & PNG), PDF files and even Flash movies all generated on the fly. Can write these files to the file system. PHP also has support for talking to other services using protocols such as LDAP, IMAP, SNMP, NNTP, POP3, HTTP.
Using PHP you.. Can performs system functions, i.e. from files on a system it can create, open, read, write, and close them. Can handle forms, i.e. gather data from files, save data to a file, thru email you can send data, return data to the user. Can add, delete, modify elements within your database thru PHP. Access cookies variables and set cookies. Can restrict users to access some pages of website. Can encrypt data.
Where it is used..? E-Commerce Project Management Tools Graphical User Interface Building an Online Community Developing Facebook Applications Generating PDF Files Mailing Lists Image Processing and Generation
Php
History of PHPHistory of PHP PHP began in 1995 when Rasmus Lerdorf developed a Perl/CGI script toolset he called the Personal Home Page or PHP PHP 2 released 1997 (PHP now stands for Hypertext Processor). Lerdorf developed it further, using C instead PHP3 released in 1998 (50,000 users) PHP4 released in 2000 (3.6 million domains). Considered debut of functional language and including Perl parsing, with other major features PHP5.0.0 released July 13, 2004 (113 libraries>1,000 functions with extensive object-oriented programming) PHP 6 is yet to released
Implementations The PHP language was originally implemented as an interpreter Several compilers have been developed which decouple the PHP language from the interpreter. Advantages of compilation include better execution speed, static analysis, and improved interoperability with code written in other languages. Phalanger, which compiles PHP into Common Intermediate Language (CIL) byte code, and HipHop, developed at Facebook and now available as open source, which transforms the PHP Script into C++, then compiles it, reducing server load up to 50% PHP scripts can also be deployed in executable format using a PHP compiler.
Basics
Basic applications Structurally similar to C/C++ Supports procedural and object-oriented paradigm (to some degree) Scripting delimiters <? php ?> Must enclose all script code Variables preceded by $ symbol Case-sensitive End statements with semicolon Comments // for single line /* */ for multiline Filenames end with .php by convention 13
PHP Operators Operators are used to operate on values. There are four classifications of operators: Arithmetic Assignment Comparison Logical
PHP Arrays In PHP, there are three kind of arrays: Numeric array Associative array Multidimensional array
Control Structures Wide Variety available if, else, elseif while, do-while for, foreach break, continue, switch require, include, require_once, include_once
PHP Hello World Above is the PHP source code.
PHP Hello World It renders as HTML that looks like this:
Php
Security issues About 30% of all vulnerabilities listed on the National Vulnerability Database are linked to PHP. These are caused mostly by not following best practice programming rules; technical security flaws of the language itself or of its core libraries are not frequent (23 in 2008, about 1% of the total). Recognizing that programmers make mistakes, some languages include taint checking to automatically detect the lack of input validation which induces many issues.
Conclusion
Php

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Php

  • 2. Contents Introduction What is PHP? Features Uses of PHP Where it is used? History of PHP Implementations Basics of PHP An Example Security Issues Conclusion
  • 3. What is PHP?What is PHP? PHP PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor Originally called Personal Home Page Tools Popular server-side scripting technology Open-source Anyone may view, modify and redistribute source code Supported freely by community Platform independent 3
  • 4. Source-code not visible by client View Source in browsers does not display the PHP code Various built-in functions allow for fast development PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.) PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)
  • 5. PHP FeaturesPHP Features Easy learning Syntax Perl- and C-like syntax. Relatively easy to learn. Large function library Embedded directly into HTML Interpreted, no need to compile Open Source server-side scripting language designed specifically for the web.
  • 6. PHP Features(cont.)PHP Features(cont.) Conceived in 1994, now used on +10 million web sites. Outputs not only HTML but can output XML, images (JPG & PNG), PDF files and even Flash movies all generated on the fly. Can write these files to the file system. PHP also has support for talking to other services using protocols such as LDAP, IMAP, SNMP, NNTP, POP3, HTTP.
  • 7. Using PHP you.. Can performs system functions, i.e. from files on a system it can create, open, read, write, and close them. Can handle forms, i.e. gather data from files, save data to a file, thru email you can send data, return data to the user. Can add, delete, modify elements within your database thru PHP. Access cookies variables and set cookies. Can restrict users to access some pages of website. Can encrypt data.
  • 8. Where it is used..? E-Commerce Project Management Tools Graphical User Interface Building an Online Community Developing Facebook Applications Generating PDF Files Mailing Lists Image Processing and Generation
  • 10. History of PHPHistory of PHP PHP began in 1995 when Rasmus Lerdorf developed a Perl/CGI script toolset he called the Personal Home Page or PHP PHP 2 released 1997 (PHP now stands for Hypertext Processor). Lerdorf developed it further, using C instead PHP3 released in 1998 (50,000 users) PHP4 released in 2000 (3.6 million domains). Considered debut of functional language and including Perl parsing, with other major features PHP5.0.0 released July 13, 2004 (113 libraries>1,000 functions with extensive object-oriented programming) PHP 6 is yet to released
  • 11. Implementations The PHP language was originally implemented as an interpreter Several compilers have been developed which decouple the PHP language from the interpreter. Advantages of compilation include better execution speed, static analysis, and improved interoperability with code written in other languages. Phalanger, which compiles PHP into Common Intermediate Language (CIL) byte code, and HipHop, developed at Facebook and now available as open source, which transforms the PHP Script into C++, then compiles it, reducing server load up to 50% PHP scripts can also be deployed in executable format using a PHP compiler.
  • 13. Basic applications Structurally similar to C/C++ Supports procedural and object-oriented paradigm (to some degree) Scripting delimiters <? php ?> Must enclose all script code Variables preceded by $ symbol Case-sensitive End statements with semicolon Comments // for single line /* */ for multiline Filenames end with .php by convention 13
  • 14. PHP Operators Operators are used to operate on values. There are four classifications of operators: Arithmetic Assignment Comparison Logical
  • 15. PHP Arrays In PHP, there are three kind of arrays: Numeric array Associative array Multidimensional array
  • 16. Control Structures Wide Variety available if, else, elseif while, do-while for, foreach break, continue, switch require, include, require_once, include_once
  • 17. PHP Hello World Above is the PHP source code.
  • 18. PHP Hello World It renders as HTML that looks like this:
  • 20. Security issues About 30% of all vulnerabilities listed on the National Vulnerability Database are linked to PHP. These are caused mostly by not following best practice programming rules; technical security flaws of the language itself or of its core libraries are not frequent (23 in 2008, about 1% of the total). Recognizing that programmers make mistakes, some languages include taint checking to automatically detect the lack of input validation which induces many issues.
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