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Planning

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This document discusses various aspects of planning and management. It outlines the basic steps in planning as developing goals, assessing the current situation, identifying aids and barriers, and developing a course of action. There are two main types of plans: strategic plans which focus on effectiveness and determining the right objectives, and operational plans which focus on efficiency and doing things right. Operational plans provide details to accomplish strategic plans and can be single-use plans for specific purposes or standing plans for recurring situations. Budgets are often key parts of the planning process by guiding resource allocation toward goals.

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Organization & Management Planning & Strategic Management
Planning The successful establishment and attainment of GOAL coordinated with the successful modification of the organizations structure
Planning Basic process we use to select our goals and determine how to achieve them. Process of establishing objectives and suitable courses of action before taking action.
Planning Every managers job Before managers can organize, lead, or control, they must make the PLANS that give purpose and direction to the organization deciding what needs to be done, when and how it needs to be done, and who has to do it.
Planning The need for planning exists at all levels and actually increases at higher levels, where it has the greatest potential impact on the organizations success. Variation in planning responsibilities depend on the organizations size, purpose and on the managers specific function or activity
Decision Making An important aspect of planning Process of developing and selecting a course of action to solve a specific problem. May be made at any point in the planning process
Four basic Steps in Planning Develop a set of Actions
1. a Goal or set of goals Indespensable part of planning What the organization or subunit wants or needs Identify priorities and being specific about aims
Reasons why some managers hesitate to set goals Lack of knowledge of the environment Lack of Confidence
2. Define the present situation How far is the organization falling short of its goal? What resources are available for closing the gap? Open lines of communication necessity for this stage
3. Identify Aids and Barriers What factors in the internal and external environments can help the organization reach its goals? What factors might create problems? Essential part of planning anticipating situations, problems and opportunities
4. Develop a Course of action Step in which decisions about future action are made and during which the guidelines for effective decision making are most relevant
Planning & Controlling Plans are implemented through detailed actions aimed at realizing specified objectives. It is at this action-taking stage that planning moves into another function controlling Controlling process of ensuring that actions conform to plans. It cannot take place unless a plan exists and a plan has little chance of success unless some efforts are made to monitor its progress
Budgeting Most common link between Planning and Controlling A budget is almost always a key part of the planning process because it guides decision about allocating resources toward the attainment of goal;
Although the planning and controlling are linked, there are advantages in keeping the two functions formally separated. It emphasizes the importance of each; it encourages employees to take control seriously and to ensure that relevant activities are not neglected or performed haphazardly
Two main types of plan Strategic Plans focuses on the right thing( effectiveness) Operational Plans focuses on doing those thing right (efficiency)
EFFECTIVENESS ability to determine the appropriate objective doing the right thing EFFICIENCY ability to minimize the use of resources in achieving organizational objectives doing things right
Strategic Planning Designed to meet the broad objectives of the organization to implement the mission that provides the unique reason for the organizations existence Planning activity of an organization in which top managements role is most crucial because coordination of the organizations functional areas become crucial
Operational Plan Provide details as to how the strategic plans will be accomplished Planning done at lower level
2 main type of Operational Plan Single-use plans are developed to achieve specific purposes and to be dissolved when these have been accomplished Standing plans are standardized approaches for handling recurrent and predictable situation
Single-Use Plan Detailed courses of action that probably will not be repeated in the same forms in the future Major types: program, project and budget
Types of single-use plans 1. program covers a relatively large set of activities; shows (1) the major steps required to reach an objective, (2) the organization unit or member responsible for each steps, and (3) the order and timing of each step
Types of single-use plans 2. Projects are smaller, separate portions of programs of limited scopes and distinct directives concerning assignments and time
Types of single-use plans 3. Budget formal quantitative statement of resources allocated to specific programs or projects for a given period; statement of financial resources set aside for specific activities in a given period of time - primarily devices to control an organizations acts and are thus important components of programs and projects
Standing Plans An established set of decisions used by managers to deal with recurring or organizational activities Once established , it allows managers to conserve time used for planning and decision making because similar situations are handles in a predetermined, consistent manner
Types of Standing Plan 1. Policies general guidelines for decision making; sets up boundaries around decisions, including those that can be made and eliminating those that cannot. 2. Procedure a standing plan of detailed guidelines for handling organizational actions that occur regularly; provides a detailed set of instructions for performing a sequence of action that occurs often or regularly
Types of Standing Plan 3. Rules standing plans that detail specific actions to be taken in a given situation; are statement that a specific action must or must not be taken in a given situation. - most explicit of standing plans and are not guides to thinking or decision making, rather, they are substitute for them.
Presented by: Rinalyn G. Magtibay Batangas State University MAED EM

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Planning

  • 1. Organization & Management Planning & Strategic Management
  • 2. Planning The successful establishment and attainment of GOAL coordinated with the successful modification of the organizations structure
  • 3. Planning Basic process we use to select our goals and determine how to achieve them. Process of establishing objectives and suitable courses of action before taking action.
  • 4. Planning Every managers job Before managers can organize, lead, or control, they must make the PLANS that give purpose and direction to the organization deciding what needs to be done, when and how it needs to be done, and who has to do it.
  • 5. Planning The need for planning exists at all levels and actually increases at higher levels, where it has the greatest potential impact on the organizations success. Variation in planning responsibilities depend on the organizations size, purpose and on the managers specific function or activity
  • 6. Decision Making An important aspect of planning Process of developing and selecting a course of action to solve a specific problem. May be made at any point in the planning process
  • 7. Four basic Steps in Planning Develop a set of Actions
  • 8. 1. a Goal or set of goals Indespensable part of planning What the organization or subunit wants or needs Identify priorities and being specific about aims
  • 9. Reasons why some managers hesitate to set goals Lack of knowledge of the environment Lack of Confidence
  • 10. 2. Define the present situation How far is the organization falling short of its goal? What resources are available for closing the gap? Open lines of communication necessity for this stage
  • 11. 3. Identify Aids and Barriers What factors in the internal and external environments can help the organization reach its goals? What factors might create problems? Essential part of planning anticipating situations, problems and opportunities
  • 12. 4. Develop a Course of action Step in which decisions about future action are made and during which the guidelines for effective decision making are most relevant
  • 13. Planning & Controlling Plans are implemented through detailed actions aimed at realizing specified objectives. It is at this action-taking stage that planning moves into another function controlling Controlling process of ensuring that actions conform to plans. It cannot take place unless a plan exists and a plan has little chance of success unless some efforts are made to monitor its progress
  • 14. Budgeting Most common link between Planning and Controlling A budget is almost always a key part of the planning process because it guides decision about allocating resources toward the attainment of goal;
  • 15. Although the planning and controlling are linked, there are advantages in keeping the two functions formally separated. It emphasizes the importance of each; it encourages employees to take control seriously and to ensure that relevant activities are not neglected or performed haphazardly
  • 16. Two main types of plan Strategic Plans focuses on the right thing( effectiveness) Operational Plans focuses on doing those thing right (efficiency)
  • 17. EFFECTIVENESS ability to determine the appropriate objective doing the right thing EFFICIENCY ability to minimize the use of resources in achieving organizational objectives doing things right
  • 18. Strategic Planning Designed to meet the broad objectives of the organization to implement the mission that provides the unique reason for the organizations existence Planning activity of an organization in which top managements role is most crucial because coordination of the organizations functional areas become crucial
  • 19. Operational Plan Provide details as to how the strategic plans will be accomplished Planning done at lower level
  • 20. 2 main type of Operational Plan Single-use plans are developed to achieve specific purposes and to be dissolved when these have been accomplished Standing plans are standardized approaches for handling recurrent and predictable situation
  • 21. Single-Use Plan Detailed courses of action that probably will not be repeated in the same forms in the future Major types: program, project and budget
  • 22. Types of single-use plans 1. program covers a relatively large set of activities; shows (1) the major steps required to reach an objective, (2) the organization unit or member responsible for each steps, and (3) the order and timing of each step
  • 23. Types of single-use plans 2. Projects are smaller, separate portions of programs of limited scopes and distinct directives concerning assignments and time
  • 24. Types of single-use plans 3. Budget formal quantitative statement of resources allocated to specific programs or projects for a given period; statement of financial resources set aside for specific activities in a given period of time - primarily devices to control an organizations acts and are thus important components of programs and projects
  • 25. Standing Plans An established set of decisions used by managers to deal with recurring or organizational activities Once established , it allows managers to conserve time used for planning and decision making because similar situations are handles in a predetermined, consistent manner
  • 26. Types of Standing Plan 1. Policies general guidelines for decision making; sets up boundaries around decisions, including those that can be made and eliminating those that cannot. 2. Procedure a standing plan of detailed guidelines for handling organizational actions that occur regularly; provides a detailed set of instructions for performing a sequence of action that occurs often or regularly
  • 27. Types of Standing Plan 3. Rules standing plans that detail specific actions to be taken in a given situation; are statement that a specific action must or must not be taken in a given situation. - most explicit of standing plans and are not guides to thinking or decision making, rather, they are substitute for them.
  • 28. Presented by: Rinalyn G. Magtibay Batangas State University MAED EM