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Plant alkaloids

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The document describes several poisonous plant parts, including the datura capsule, datura stramonium seed, hyoscyamus seed, croton seed, aconite root, and jalap root. It provides details on the size, shape, surface, color, toxicity, and important distinguishing characteristics of each plant part. The datura capsule is thorny and green, containing toxic datura seeds. Datura stramonium and hyoscyamus seeds are small and brown or black in color. Croton seeds are brown with a grey mosaic appearance. Aconite root is conical and wrinkled while jalap root is cylindrical with no wrinkles.

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Plant alkaloids
Datura plant Datura Capsule (Fruit, Datura pod or Thorn-apple): - Color : Green in color (when fresh) and yellowish brown when dry. - Surface : Thorny surface. - Content: Contain datura seeds (brown or black). - Rounded, large pod when ripe it opens delivering the seeds. - Toxicity: It is the most toxic part of the plant and contains 3 atropic alkaloids : atropine , hyoscine and hyoscyamine.
Datura stramonium seed Size: 3-4 mm. long. Shape: kidney-shaped. Surface: Roughly mamillated. Color: Black in color D.D. : It should be differentiated from datura fastiosa seeds and edible non poisonous black seeds( onion seeds).
Size: 3-5 mm. long. Shape: Kidney-shaped, double contoured (two ridges at the convex border). Surface: Roughly mamillated. Color: brown D.D.: It should be differentiated from datura stramonium seeds and edible non poisonous brown seeds( sesam seeds,capsicum &eggplant seeds seeds).
Plant alkaloids
Size: Small 1-3 mm. Shape: Subreniform or traingular . Surface: Reticulated. Color: Brown . Toxicity: They are posionous because they contain 3 alkaloids (atropine, hyoscyamine and hyoscine). D.D.: Hyoecyamus seeds should be differentiated from: poppy seeds.
Plant alkaloids
Size: Very small 1-2 mm in length. Shape: Kidney Surface: Reticulated. Color: Yellowish white in (sometimes grayish). Toxicity: Not toxic, they are devoid of opium. D.D. : Hyoscyamus seeds
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Plant alkaloids
Shape: Same as croton seed in size and shape. Size: 1 cm Color: Brown coloration with grey mosaic appearance. Toxicity: The expressed oil is not poisonous; it is used as a mild laxative. The residue after squeezing the oil is highly poisonous because it contains a toxalbumin causing haemolysis of blood like snake venom. D.D. : seed of croton oil.
Plant alkaloids
This is the most common part of aconite plant encountered in poisoning. Shape: Conical in arched, shriveled with longitudinal wrinkles and daughter rootlets. Color: Brown externally but creamy white internally. Toxicity: Causes tingling followed by numbness when put on the tip of the tongue. Aconitine is the active principle of the plant, which is one of the most powerful alkaloids. D.D. : Jalap root.
Shape: Cylindrical or fusiform in with no wrinkles on its external surface daughter rootless Color: dark brown in externally & internally. Taste: Its taste is pungent, causing no tingling. Toxicity: Used as a drastic purgative (abortifacient). D.D. : Aconite root.
Plant alkaloids

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Plant alkaloids

  • 2. Datura plant Datura Capsule (Fruit, Datura pod or Thorn-apple): - Color : Green in color (when fresh) and yellowish brown when dry. - Surface : Thorny surface. - Content: Contain datura seeds (brown or black). - Rounded, large pod when ripe it opens delivering the seeds. - Toxicity: It is the most toxic part of the plant and contains 3 atropic alkaloids : atropine , hyoscine and hyoscyamine.
  • 3. Datura stramonium seed Size: 3-4 mm. long. Shape: kidney-shaped. Surface: Roughly mamillated. Color: Black in color D.D. : It should be differentiated from datura fastiosa seeds and edible non poisonous black seeds( onion seeds).
  • 4. Size: 3-5 mm. long. Shape: Kidney-shaped, double contoured (two ridges at the convex border). Surface: Roughly mamillated. Color: brown D.D.: It should be differentiated from datura stramonium seeds and edible non poisonous brown seeds( sesam seeds,capsicum &eggplant seeds seeds).
  • 6. Size: Small 1-3 mm. Shape: Subreniform or traingular . Surface: Reticulated. Color: Brown . Toxicity: They are posionous because they contain 3 alkaloids (atropine, hyoscyamine and hyoscine). D.D.: Hyoecyamus seeds should be differentiated from: poppy seeds.
  • 8. Size: Very small 1-2 mm in length. Shape: Kidney Surface: Reticulated. Color: Yellowish white in (sometimes grayish). Toxicity: Not toxic, they are devoid of opium. D.D. : Hyoscyamus seeds
  • 18. Shape: Same as croton seed in size and shape. Size: 1 cm Color: Brown coloration with grey mosaic appearance. Toxicity: The expressed oil is not poisonous; it is used as a mild laxative. The residue after squeezing the oil is highly poisonous because it contains a toxalbumin causing haemolysis of blood like snake venom. D.D. : seed of croton oil.
  • 20. This is the most common part of aconite plant encountered in poisoning. Shape: Conical in arched, shriveled with longitudinal wrinkles and daughter rootlets. Color: Brown externally but creamy white internally. Toxicity: Causes tingling followed by numbness when put on the tip of the tongue. Aconitine is the active principle of the plant, which is one of the most powerful alkaloids. D.D. : Jalap root.
  • 21. Shape: Cylindrical or fusiform in with no wrinkles on its external surface daughter rootless Color: dark brown in externally & internally. Taste: Its taste is pungent, causing no tingling. Toxicity: Used as a drastic purgative (abortifacient). D.D. : Aconite root.
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