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Plant growth regulators in horticultural crops

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Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are organic compounds that plants produce naturally to control growth and physiological functions. PGRs like auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid act in very small quantities to stimulate or inhibit specific enzymes and regulate plant metabolism. Auxins promote cell enlargement and division, root initiation, and apical dominance. Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation, seed germination, and enzyme production. Abscisic acid induces stomata closure and dormancy, and inhibits shoot growth. Ethylene aids fruit ripening, induces femaleness in some plants, and promotes flower and fruit abscission.

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Vishal Agri Guru PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS
Vishal Agri Guru PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS 1.Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) known as bio-stimulants or bio-inhibitors modify physiological processes in plant. 2.These organic compounds act inside plant cells to stimulate or inhibit specific enzyme or enzyme systems to regulate plant metabolism. 3.These growth regulators are naturally produced in plants to control the growth and other physiological functions. They act even in very minute quantities.
Vishal Agri Guru
Vishal Agri Guru Name of PGR (Hormones) Compound / Trade Name Auxins IAA, IBA, NAA Gibberellins GA1, GA2, GA3,..GA60 Cytokinins Kinetin, Zeatin Ethylene Ethylene Abscisic Acid (ABA) Phaseic Acid, Dormins Inhibitor Cycocel, MH-40 Common growth regulators
Vishal Agri Guru
Vishal Agri Guru Cell Enlargement: It stimulates cell enlargement and stem growth. Cell Division: It stimulates cell division in cambium. Used in tissue culture plant production in combination with Cytokinin. Vascular Tissue Differentiation: It stimulates differentiation of phloem and xylem. Root Initiation: It stimulates root initiation on stem cuttings. Used in plant propagation by tissue culture for development of roots. Apical Dominance: It suppresses the apical shoot growth and promotes the growth of lateral buds. Role of Auxins:
Vishal Agri Guru Stem growth: Gibberellic Acid (GA) causes hyper elongation of stems by stimulating both cell division and cell elongation. This results in taller plants. Bolting in long day plants: GA cause stem elongation in response to long days. Induction of seed germination: GA activates germination of seeds which otherwise require cold (stratification) or light to induce germination. Enzyme production during germination: GA stimulates the production of enzymes like amylase in germinating cereal grains. Role of Gibberellins:
Vishal Agri Guru Stomata Closure: Water shortage brings about increase in ABA level, leading to stomata closure as a response to water stress. Growth Inhibitors: ABA inhibits shoot growth but has less effect on root growth. GA Counteracts: ABA counteracts the effect of gibberellins on a- amylase synthesis in germinating cereal grains. Induced Dormancy: ABA affects induction or maintenance of dormancy in seeds. Role of Abscisic Acid (ABA):
Vishal Agri Guru Fruit Ripening: Ethylene in the form of gas helps ripens fruits under natural conditions. Induction Of Femaleness: Promotes production of female flowers in cucurbits (cucumber, squash, melon) to increase the yield. Flower Opening: Promotes flower initiation and controlled ripening in pineapples. Leaf and Fruit Abscission: Accelerates fruit abscission for mechanical harvesting in fruit crops such as grapes, cherries, and citrus. Role of Ethylene:
Vishal Agri Guru For more information visit our website: http://vishalagriguruji.blogspot.com/
Vishal Agri Guru
Vishal Agri Guru

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Plant growth regulators in horticultural crops

  • 1. Vishal Agri Guru PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS
  • 2. Vishal Agri Guru PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS 1.Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) known as bio-stimulants or bio-inhibitors modify physiological processes in plant. 2.These organic compounds act inside plant cells to stimulate or inhibit specific enzyme or enzyme systems to regulate plant metabolism. 3.These growth regulators are naturally produced in plants to control the growth and other physiological functions. They act even in very minute quantities.
  • 4. Vishal Agri Guru Name of PGR (Hormones) Compound / Trade Name Auxins IAA, IBA, NAA Gibberellins GA1, GA2, GA3,..GA60 Cytokinins Kinetin, Zeatin Ethylene Ethylene Abscisic Acid (ABA) Phaseic Acid, Dormins Inhibitor Cycocel, MH-40 Common growth regulators
  • 6. Vishal Agri Guru Cell Enlargement: It stimulates cell enlargement and stem growth. Cell Division: It stimulates cell division in cambium. Used in tissue culture plant production in combination with Cytokinin. Vascular Tissue Differentiation: It stimulates differentiation of phloem and xylem. Root Initiation: It stimulates root initiation on stem cuttings. Used in plant propagation by tissue culture for development of roots. Apical Dominance: It suppresses the apical shoot growth and promotes the growth of lateral buds. Role of Auxins:
  • 7. Vishal Agri Guru Stem growth: Gibberellic Acid (GA) causes hyper elongation of stems by stimulating both cell division and cell elongation. This results in taller plants. Bolting in long day plants: GA cause stem elongation in response to long days. Induction of seed germination: GA activates germination of seeds which otherwise require cold (stratification) or light to induce germination. Enzyme production during germination: GA stimulates the production of enzymes like amylase in germinating cereal grains. Role of Gibberellins:
  • 8. Vishal Agri Guru Stomata Closure: Water shortage brings about increase in ABA level, leading to stomata closure as a response to water stress. Growth Inhibitors: ABA inhibits shoot growth but has less effect on root growth. GA Counteracts: ABA counteracts the effect of gibberellins on a- amylase synthesis in germinating cereal grains. Induced Dormancy: ABA affects induction or maintenance of dormancy in seeds. Role of Abscisic Acid (ABA):
  • 9. Vishal Agri Guru Fruit Ripening: Ethylene in the form of gas helps ripens fruits under natural conditions. Induction Of Femaleness: Promotes production of female flowers in cucurbits (cucumber, squash, melon) to increase the yield. Flower Opening: Promotes flower initiation and controlled ripening in pineapples. Leaf and Fruit Abscission: Accelerates fruit abscission for mechanical harvesting in fruit crops such as grapes, cherries, and citrus. Role of Ethylene:
  • 10. Vishal Agri Guru For more information visit our website: http://vishalagriguruji.blogspot.com/