Pneumatic valves and circuit development
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The document discusses various types of hydraulic valves used to control fluid flow in hydraulic circuits, detailing types, functions, and symbols. It covers circuit development for both single and double acting cylinders and motors, emphasizing standard symbols and specific applications. Additionally, it describes components such as poppet valves, spool valves, and check valves with their operational characteristics.
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This research was to design a 2.4 GHz class E Power Amplifier (PA) for health care, with 0.18um Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation CMOS technology by using Cadence software. And also RF switch was designed at cadence software with power Jazz 180nm SOI process. The ultimate goal for such application is to reach high performance and low cost, and between high performance and low power consumption design. This paper introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class E power amplifier and RF switch design. PA consists of cascade stage with negative capacitance. This power amplifier can transmit 16dBm output power to a 50? load. The performance of the power amplifier and switch meet the specification requirements of the desired.
How Binning Affects LED Performance & Consistency.pdf
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? What’s Inside:
? What Is LED Binning?
? The process of sorting LEDs by color temperature, brightness, voltage, and CRI
? Ensures visual and performance consistency across large installations
? Why It Matters:
? Inconsistent binning leads to uneven color and brightness
? Impacts brand perception, customer satisfaction, and warranty claims
? Key Concepts Explained:
? SDCM (Standard Deviation of Color Matching)
? Recommended bin tolerances by application (e.g., 1–3 SDCM for retail/museums)
? How to read bin codes from LED datasheets
? The difference between ANSI/NEMA standards and proprietary bin maps
? Advanced Practices:
? AI-assisted bin prediction
? Color blending and dynamic calibration
? Customized binning for high-end or global projectsVARICELLA VACCINATION: A POTENTIAL STRATEGY FOR PREVENTING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological condition affecting approximately 2.9 million people worldwide. Its cause remains unclear but environmental factors, such as post-childhood Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, are thought to contribute to MS incidence. 02 - Ethics & Professionalism - BEM, IEM, MySET.PPT
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ethics & professionalism based on BEMPavement and its types, Application of rigid and Flexible Pavements
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Pavement and its types, Application of rigid and Flexible PavementsCadastral Maps
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Preparation of cadastral maps based by Engineer Dungo Tizazu from Dire Dawa University Structural Design for Residential-to-Restaurant Conversion
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Overview of a 4-month project working on designing the structural components of a residential building to meet new codeCenter Enamel can Provide Aluminum Dome Roofs for diesel tank.docx
Center Enamel can Provide Aluminum Dome Roofs for diesel tank.docxCenterEnamel
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Center Enamel can Provide Aluminum Dome Roofs for diesel tank.docxMontreal Dreamin' 25 - Introduction to the MuleSoft AI Chain (MAC) Project
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Montreal Dreamin' 25 - Introduction to the MuleSoft AI Chain (MAC) ProjectIntroduction to Natural Language Processing - Stages in NLP Pipeline, Challen...
Introduction to Natural Language Processing - Stages in NLP Pipeline, Challen...resming1
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Lecture delivered in 2021. This gives an introduction to Natural Language Processing. It describes the use cases of NLP in daily life. It discusses the stages in NLP Pipeline. It highlights the challenges involved covering the different levels of ambiguity that could arise. It also gives a brief note on the present scenario with the latest language models, tools and frameworks/libraries for NLP.4th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (...
4th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (...ijait
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4th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology
(COMSCI 2025) will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas,
approaches, developments, and research projects in the area computer Science and
Information Technology. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information
between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues and
advancement in the research area.Ad
Pneumatic valves and circuit development
- 1. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Lecture - 17
- 2. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Hydraulic Valves ? Functions: To DIRECT and REGULATE fluid-flow in hyd. circuit. ? Types : Finite position Infinite position DIRECTION CONTROL ? Check Valve ? Poppet ? Rotary ? Spool ? Shuttle ? Twin Pressure FLOW DIVIDER ? Flow Divider ? Temperature Compensated ? Pressure Compensated FLOW CONTROL ? Globe ? Gate ? Needle ? Restriction PRESSURE CONTROL ? Relief ? Reducing ? Sequence ? Unloading ? Counter- Balance
- 3. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Valve Symbol Close Open Infinite Position Valves
- 4. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Direction Control Valve Finite Position Valves
- 5. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Valve Symbols ? Finite position valve is described as, No. of Ports / No. of Positions e.g. 4/2, 4/3, 3/2, 2/2, etc ? Ports : Valve connections : P, T , A, B ? Positions : Extend, Retract, OFF ? Valve Actuations & their symbols: Pushbutton Spring Lever Solenoid Limit switch Pilot Paddle Detent
- 6. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Hydraulic circuit development 1. Development of simple hydraulic circuits such as direction control of Single acting and Double Acting Cylinder using different valve actuators. 2. Development of simple hydraulic circuits such as direction control of unidirectional and Bi-directional motor using different valve actuators. 3. Draw a hydraulic circuit using standard symbols for a cylinder to move with same forward and return speed. 4. Draw a hydraulic circuit for verification of Pascal’s law using standard symbols. 5. Draw a hydraulic circuit to know Force-Pressure relationship in linear actuator using standard symbols. 6. Draw a hydraulic/pneumatic circuit set up to know Speed-Flow relationships in motor using standard symbols.
- 7. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Poppet Valve ? ON-OFF Valve ? Normally Closed by spring ? Pushbutton operated 2/2 D.C. Valve ? Symbol: ? Parts : - Body with seat - Ball - Push Button - Spring
- 8. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology a) 2/2 DCV b) 3/2 DCV c) 4/2 DCV d) 4/3 DCV a) 2/2 DCV Poppet valve is ............... .
- 9. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Spool Valves 3/2 DIRECTION CONTROL ? 3 Ports & 2 Positions ? OFF: P Blocked (Spring) ? ON: P-A Connected ? SAC & Unidirectional Motor 2/2 DIRECTION CONTROL ? 2 Ports & 2 Positions ? OFF: PA Blocked (Spring) ? ON: P-A Connected ? For Domestic Water Taps
- 10. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Spool Valves 4/3 DIRECTION CONTROL ? 4 Ports & 3 Positions ? EXTEND, RETRACT, OFF ? Open Centre ? DAC & Bi-directional Motor 4/2 DIRECTION CONTROL ? 4 Ports & 2 Positions ? RETRACT: PB & AT-Spring ? EXTEND: PA & BT-P.Button ? DAC & Bi-directional Motor
- 11. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Spool Valves : 5/3
- 12. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Check Valve ? Allows Flow in only one Direction; Reverse Flow is Blocked. ? Normally Closed by Spring (NRV : Non-Return Valve) ? Valve opens when Fluid Pressure-Force > Spring Force ? Process Connection : Flanged / Screwed ? Supposed to have Zero Leakage
- 13. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Types of Check Valves Pilot Operated ? Free Flow ( P → A) ? Pilot Flow ( A – P) ? Hold Up Vehicle Right Angled ? Screwed ? High Pressure ? MOC – Hard Steel Restriction ? Free Flow ( P → A) ? Reduced Flow ( A → P) ? Deceleration Circuit
- 14. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Hydraulic circuit development 1. Hydraulic Deceleration circuit. A machine tool-post slide is moved by means of hydraulic cylinder. Initially it moves through some distance rapidly towards the job for cutting. As cutting starts, it should move slowly for getting good finish. When cutting is completed it should be return and the return stroke is as fast as possible. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Deceleration circuit. (Same problem but for circuit Design) A machine tool-post slide is moved by means of hydraulic cylinder. Initially it moves through a distance of 200 mm rapidly (against a min. load of 12 kN) in about 3 sec. It is followed by a working stroke of 100 mm slowly (against effective load of 35 kN) within 30 sec. The return stroke is as fast as possible.
- 15. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology a) simple b) right-angled c) restriction d) pilot-operated d) pilot-operated To hold-up car without creeping in service station .................... check valve is used.
- 16. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology a) Much leakage. b) Zero leakage. c) Little leakage. d) Moderate leakage. b) Zero leakage. Check valves are considered to have .....................
- 17. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology a) Simple b) Right-angled c) Restriction d) Pilot operated c) Restriction .................. check valve is used in deceleration circuit.
- 18. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Rotary Valve Features ? Hand Operated ? Compact & Simple ? Small force ? Leakage Problem Working ? Extend : P-A & B-T ? OFF: PATB Blocked ? Retract : P-B & A-T Applications & Symbol ? For Motor & Cylinder ? For Pilot Flow
- 19. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology a) 2 ports, 2 positions b) 3 ports, 2 positions c) 4 ports, 2 positions d) 4 ports, 3 positions d) 4 ports, 3 positions Rotary valve used in hydraulics having ....................... .
- 20. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Questions ?
- 21. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Thank You