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City & Guilds Construction
pProewseenrPtaotiionnt
Unit 201: Health safety and welfare in construction
Know about access equipment and working at
heights, and how to work with electrical equipment
© 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 1 of 15

Objectives
By the end of this session you will be able to:
• Identify legislation relating to working at heights
• Identify types of access equipment
• State safe methods of working with access equipment
• Identify dangers of working at height
• State precautions to take to avoids risk to self and others when working with electrical
equipment
• Identify voltage and voltage colour coding that are used in the workplace
• State methods of storing electrical equipment

Legislation relating to working at heights
The Working at Height Regulations 2005 (WAHR)
• The Regulations apply to all work at height where there is a risk of a fall
liable to cause personal injury.
• This legislation places a legal duty on everyone for the welfare of
employers, employees and managers
There is a simple hierarchy for managing and selecting equipment
for work at height. Duty holders must:
• Avoid work at height where they can;
• Use work equipment or other measures to prevent falls where they cannot
avoid working at height; and
• Where they cannot eliminate the risk of a fall, use work equipment or other
measures to minimise the distance and consequences of a fall should one
occur.

Working at height The Statistics
Falls are the biggest cause of workplace fatalities
• 35 fatal incidents in 2008/09 and a total of 421 since 2001
• Cause of 4589 major injuries 2008/09
• 87% of all major injuries are caused by ‘low falls’ (i.e. below 2 metres)
Where work has to be carried out at height, then the duty holder shall take
suitable and sufficient measures to prevent, so far as is reasonably practicable,
any person falling a distance liable to cause personal injury’ (WAHR)
REMEMBER that injury can occur from a fall of any height, not just from above
2 metres.
Look at the video on working at heights make notes:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/falls/video/index.htm

Working at heights
What are the six steps to safety when considering working at
height?
Using activity sheet 13 in groups identify the six steps to safety in
the previous video.
What are the steps ? What do they mean?

Types of Access Equipment
Trestles Mobile towers Ladders
Hop ups
Steps
Scissor lift Cherry picker
Tubular

Ladders
Every year an average of 14 people die and a further 1200 are seriously injured at work
as a result of falling from a leaning ladder or stepladder.
Some of these accidnets will be a result of bad planning or use of the wrong piece of
equipment for the job.
What are the reasons people fall from leaning ladders and stepladders?
• The leaning ladder slipping either at the top or bottom;
• The leaning ladder flipping over or coming away at the top;
• overstretching;
• A fault with the ladder;
• Slipping or loosing your footing;
• Stepladder wobbles due to missing feet or not being correctly open;
• Stepladder being used side-on to the work task.

Ladders
Positioning a
leaning ladder
safely - Ladder
showing
correct 1 in 4
angle (Securing
omitted for
clarity).
Positioning a
leaning ladder
with a back
slope - Ladder
showing
maximum
angle at 6°
on a back
slope.
Positioning a
leaning ladder
with a side
slope - Ladder
showing
maximum
angle at 16°
on a side
slope.
Ladder tied at
top
stiles (correct
for working on,
not for access

Ladders
Incorrect -
overreaching
and not
maintaining
three points of
contact
Correct - user
maintaining
three points of
contact
Incorrect -
steps
side-on to
work activity
Correct -
steps
facing work
activity
A ladder should lean at an angle of 75º, i.e. one unit out for every four units up

Trestles / Hop-ups
• Trestle scaffold should always be erected on firm, level ground and
with a minimum working platform width of 450mm
• Lockable steel hinges and anti-slip feet. Ideal for low level access,
painting, plastering
• Premium quality steel mobile steps for easy step-up access in the
workplace.

Mobile Tower
HSE key messages are that:
• you must be competent in erection and
dismantling of mobile scaffolds; and
• you must always read and follow the
manufacturer's instruction manual and on no
account attempt use the equipment beyond its
limitations.
Watch the short video clip
http://www.hse.gov.uk/campaigns/worksma
rt/videos/wareing18.wmv

Mobile Tower
• Commonly referred to as mobile
access towers or mobile scaffold
towers, these structures are
manufactured from prefabricated
components where the principal
structural materials are aluminium
alloys or fibreglass.
• Wheels or feet of the tower must be
in contact with a firm surface.
Outriggers should be deployed as
specified by the manufacturer.
Mobile Access Towers are covered by
PASMA. More Information
http://www.pasma.co.uk/

Spot the hazards
In groups list the hazards you can see compare findings with the class

Mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs)
http://www.hse.gov.uk/falls/heightaware/accessindex.htm
Take a look at this scene. Do you see a hive of safe activity? Or a high
risk high street that's about to come crashing down?
Mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs) can provide a safe way
of working at height.
They:
• allow the worker to reach the task quickly and easily
• have guard rails and toe boards which prevent a person falling
• can be used in-doors or out
• MEWPs include cherry pickers, scissor lifts and vehicle-mounted booms

Any questions?

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