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Power point-51-cell-energy-photosynthesis-respiration-1193616844870555-3

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Slindile Nyathi
Slindile Nyathi

The document discusses how plants and animals get energy. In plants, chloroplasts capture energy from the sun during photosynthesis to produce food. Cells then release energy from this food through cellular respiration or fermentation. Photosynthesis and respiration are opposite processes, with respiration breaking down food to release energy that organisms need to grow and develop.

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Cell Energy:Cell Energy: Photosynthesis & RespirationPhotosynthesis & Respiration Chapter 5, Section 1
Today¡¯s Learning GoalsToday¡¯s Learning Goals ? In plants,In plants, chlorophyllchlorophyll (found in(found in chloroplasts) captures energychloroplasts) captures energy from the sun in order to makefrom the sun in order to make foodfood during photosynthesisduring photosynthesis ? Cells releaseCells release energyenergy from foodfrom food through eitherthrough either cellularcellular respirationrespiration oror fermentationfermentation ? Why it matters: UnderstandingWhy it matters: Understanding how plants & animals gethow plants & animals get energy toenergy to growgrow && developdevelop is anis an important part of biology.important part of biology.
How Does a Plant Make It¡¯s OwnHow Does a Plant Make It¡¯s Own Food?Food? ? Plants use carbon dioxide (Plants use carbon dioxide (COCO22), water (), water (HH22OO), and), and sun¡¯ssun¡¯s energyenergy to make food.to make food. ? This is called ¡°This is called ¡°photosynthesisphotosynthesis¡±¡± ? The food gives plantsThe food gives plants energyenergy ? Animals get theAnimals get the energy stored inenergy stored in plantsplants when theywhen they eat them.eat them.
How Do Plants Get Energy From Sun?How Do Plants Get Energy From Sun? ? Plants havePlants have pigmentspigments thatthat absorb energy from lightabsorb energy from light ? ChlorophyllChlorophyll (found in(found in chloroplasts) is the pigmentchloroplasts) is the pigment used in photosynthesisused in photosynthesis
What ¡°Food¡± do Plants Make?What ¡°Food¡± do Plants Make? ? The ¡°food¡± plantsThe ¡°food¡± plants make is amake is a sugarsugar called glucosecalled glucose (C(C66HH1212OO66).). ? Glucose andGlucose and oxygenoxygen (O(O22) are made during) are made during photosynthesis.photosynthesis.
How Do Organisms Get EnergyHow Do Organisms Get Energy From Food?From Food? ? Animals cannot make theirAnimals cannot make their own foodown food like plants can.like plants can. ? But, BOTH plants and animals mustBut, BOTH plants and animals must break downbreak down (digest) food in order to get(digest) food in order to get energyenergy from it (so theyfrom it (so they can live, grow, & develop)can live, grow, & develop) ? Cells do thisCells do this 22 ways: cellular respiration andways: cellular respiration and fermentationfermentation
Cellular Respiration & FermentationCellular Respiration & Fermentation ? Cellular Respiration usesCellular Respiration uses oxygenoxygen (O(O22) to break down food) to break down food ? Fermentation doesFermentation does notnot useuse oxygenoxygen ? Cellular respiration releasesCellular respiration releases more energymore energy from food thanfrom food than Fermentation.Fermentation. ? So mostSo most eukaryoteseukaryotes (ex: plants & animals)(ex: plants & animals) get their energy throughget their energy through cellular respirationcellular respiration
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration ? Cellular Respiration =Cellular Respiration = chemical process thatchemical process that happens inhappens in cellscells ? In prokaryotes, itIn prokaryotes, it happens in thehappens in the cellcell membranesmembranes ? In eukaryotes, itIn eukaryotes, it happens mostly in thehappens mostly in the mitochondriamitochondria
Process of Cellular RespirationProcess of Cellular Respiration ? Food (glucose) is broken down into COFood (glucose) is broken down into CO22 and Hand H22O andO and energy isenergy is releasedreleased ? CC66HH1212OO66 + 6+ 6 OO22 ?? 66 COCO22 + 6+ 6 HH22OO ++ energyenergy (ATP)(ATP) ? This energy can be used for:This energy can be used for: ? Keeping a constantKeeping a constant body temperaturebody temperature ? StorageStorage (ATP) - to be used later for things like growth(ATP) - to be used later for things like growth
What Do You Notice?What Do You Notice?
Check It Out!Check It Out! ? Did you noticeDid you notice that cellularthat cellular respiration is justrespiration is just thethe oppositeopposite ofof photosynthesis?photosynthesis?
FermentationFermentation ? Happens when cells cannotHappens when cells cannot get theget the oxygenoxygen they need forthey need for cellular respirationcellular respiration ? Fermentation is a way to getFermentation is a way to get energyenergy when oxygen isn¡¯twhen oxygen isn¡¯t availableavailable ? Ex: In short, fast races youEx: In short, fast races you might get amight get a burning feelingburning feeling in youin you leg musclesleg muscles because ofbecause of a build up of lactic acid (madea build up of lactic acid (made during fermentation)during fermentation)
Pop QuizPop Quiz 1) Plants use carbon dioxide (____), water (____), and the1) Plants use carbon dioxide (____), water (____), and the sun¡¯s energy to make food.sun¡¯s energy to make food. COCO22 andandHH22OO 2) What type of cell has chloroplasts?2) What type of cell has chloroplasts? PLANT CELLPLANT CELL 3) BOTH plants and animals must break down food in3) BOTH plants and animals must break down food in order to get ________from it.order to get ________from it. ENERGYENERGY 4) How are respiration and photosynthesis related?4) How are respiration and photosynthesis related? THEY ARE THE REVERSE (OPPOSITE) OF EACHTHEY ARE THE REVERSE (OPPOSITE) OF EACH OTHER.OTHER. 5) Fermentation is a way to get energy when ______ isn¡¯t5) Fermentation is a way to get energy when ______ isn¡¯t available.available. OXYGENOXYGEN
Today¡¯s Learning GoalsToday¡¯s Learning Goals ? In plants, chloroplasts captureIn plants, chloroplasts capture energy from the sun in orderenergy from the sun in order to make food duringto make food during photosynthesisphotosynthesis ? Cells release energy from foodCells release energy from food through either cellularthrough either cellular respiration of fermentationrespiration of fermentation ? Why it matters: UnderstandingWhy it matters: Understanding how plants & animals gethow plants & animals get energy to grow & develop is anenergy to grow & develop is an important part of biology.important part of biology.

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Power point-51-cell-energy-photosynthesis-respiration-1193616844870555-3

  • 1. Cell Energy:Cell Energy: Photosynthesis & RespirationPhotosynthesis & Respiration Chapter 5, Section 1
  • 2. Today¡¯s Learning GoalsToday¡¯s Learning Goals ? In plants,In plants, chlorophyllchlorophyll (found in(found in chloroplasts) captures energychloroplasts) captures energy from the sun in order to makefrom the sun in order to make foodfood during photosynthesisduring photosynthesis ? Cells releaseCells release energyenergy from foodfrom food through eitherthrough either cellularcellular respirationrespiration oror fermentationfermentation ? Why it matters: UnderstandingWhy it matters: Understanding how plants & animals gethow plants & animals get energy toenergy to growgrow && developdevelop is anis an important part of biology.important part of biology.
  • 3. How Does a Plant Make It¡¯s OwnHow Does a Plant Make It¡¯s Own Food?Food? ? Plants use carbon dioxide (Plants use carbon dioxide (COCO22), water (), water (HH22OO), and), and sun¡¯ssun¡¯s energyenergy to make food.to make food. ? This is called ¡°This is called ¡°photosynthesisphotosynthesis¡±¡± ? The food gives plantsThe food gives plants energyenergy ? Animals get theAnimals get the energy stored inenergy stored in plantsplants when theywhen they eat them.eat them.
  • 4. How Do Plants Get Energy From Sun?How Do Plants Get Energy From Sun? ? Plants havePlants have pigmentspigments thatthat absorb energy from lightabsorb energy from light ? ChlorophyllChlorophyll (found in(found in chloroplasts) is the pigmentchloroplasts) is the pigment used in photosynthesisused in photosynthesis
  • 5. What ¡°Food¡± do Plants Make?What ¡°Food¡± do Plants Make? ? The ¡°food¡± plantsThe ¡°food¡± plants make is amake is a sugarsugar called glucosecalled glucose (C(C66HH1212OO66).). ? Glucose andGlucose and oxygenoxygen (O(O22) are made during) are made during photosynthesis.photosynthesis.
  • 6. How Do Organisms Get EnergyHow Do Organisms Get Energy From Food?From Food? ? Animals cannot make theirAnimals cannot make their own foodown food like plants can.like plants can. ? But, BOTH plants and animals mustBut, BOTH plants and animals must break downbreak down (digest) food in order to get(digest) food in order to get energyenergy from it (so theyfrom it (so they can live, grow, & develop)can live, grow, & develop) ? Cells do thisCells do this 22 ways: cellular respiration andways: cellular respiration and fermentationfermentation
  • 7. Cellular Respiration & FermentationCellular Respiration & Fermentation ? Cellular Respiration usesCellular Respiration uses oxygenoxygen (O(O22) to break down food) to break down food ? Fermentation doesFermentation does notnot useuse oxygenoxygen ? Cellular respiration releasesCellular respiration releases more energymore energy from food thanfrom food than Fermentation.Fermentation. ? So mostSo most eukaryoteseukaryotes (ex: plants & animals)(ex: plants & animals) get their energy throughget their energy through cellular respirationcellular respiration
  • 8. Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration ? Cellular Respiration =Cellular Respiration = chemical process thatchemical process that happens inhappens in cellscells ? In prokaryotes, itIn prokaryotes, it happens in thehappens in the cellcell membranesmembranes ? In eukaryotes, itIn eukaryotes, it happens mostly in thehappens mostly in the mitochondriamitochondria
  • 9. Process of Cellular RespirationProcess of Cellular Respiration ? Food (glucose) is broken down into COFood (glucose) is broken down into CO22 and Hand H22O andO and energy isenergy is releasedreleased ? CC66HH1212OO66 + 6+ 6 OO22 ?? 66 COCO22 + 6+ 6 HH22OO ++ energyenergy (ATP)(ATP) ? This energy can be used for:This energy can be used for: ? Keeping a constantKeeping a constant body temperaturebody temperature ? StorageStorage (ATP) - to be used later for things like growth(ATP) - to be used later for things like growth
  • 10. What Do You Notice?What Do You Notice?
  • 11. Check It Out!Check It Out! ? Did you noticeDid you notice that cellularthat cellular respiration is justrespiration is just thethe oppositeopposite ofof photosynthesis?photosynthesis?
  • 12. FermentationFermentation ? Happens when cells cannotHappens when cells cannot get theget the oxygenoxygen they need forthey need for cellular respirationcellular respiration ? Fermentation is a way to getFermentation is a way to get energyenergy when oxygen isn¡¯twhen oxygen isn¡¯t availableavailable ? Ex: In short, fast races youEx: In short, fast races you might get amight get a burning feelingburning feeling in youin you leg musclesleg muscles because ofbecause of a build up of lactic acid (madea build up of lactic acid (made during fermentation)during fermentation)
  • 13. Pop QuizPop Quiz 1) Plants use carbon dioxide (____), water (____), and the1) Plants use carbon dioxide (____), water (____), and the sun¡¯s energy to make food.sun¡¯s energy to make food. COCO22 andandHH22OO 2) What type of cell has chloroplasts?2) What type of cell has chloroplasts? PLANT CELLPLANT CELL 3) BOTH plants and animals must break down food in3) BOTH plants and animals must break down food in order to get ________from it.order to get ________from it. ENERGYENERGY 4) How are respiration and photosynthesis related?4) How are respiration and photosynthesis related? THEY ARE THE REVERSE (OPPOSITE) OF EACHTHEY ARE THE REVERSE (OPPOSITE) OF EACH OTHER.OTHER. 5) Fermentation is a way to get energy when ______ isn¡¯t5) Fermentation is a way to get energy when ______ isn¡¯t available.available. OXYGENOXYGEN
  • 14. Today¡¯s Learning GoalsToday¡¯s Learning Goals ? In plants, chloroplasts captureIn plants, chloroplasts capture energy from the sun in orderenergy from the sun in order to make food duringto make food during photosynthesisphotosynthesis ? Cells release energy from foodCells release energy from food through either cellularthrough either cellular respiration of fermentationrespiration of fermentation ? Why it matters: UnderstandingWhy it matters: Understanding how plants & animals gethow plants & animals get energy to grow & develop is anenergy to grow & develop is an important part of biology.important part of biology.