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Practical Research 3 qualitative importance.pptx

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Here are brief explanations for the test questions: 1. Qualitative research is a form of social inquiry that focuses on understanding and interpreting how people make sense of their experiences and the world in which they live. It involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. 2. The three types of approach to research are: - Scientific approach - Uses empirical data, controls variables, and presents findings quantitatively - Naturalistic approach - Focuses on understanding real human behavior and social relations qualitatively - Triangulation/mixed method - Combines research designs, data collection, and analysis techniques to enhance validity The naturalistic approach focuses on discovering the real meanings behind people's lifest

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Practical Research 3 qualitative importance.pptx
Introduction: Living in a world filled with different race makes us more unique as an individual. We might probably think and ask what are those unique traits, its similarities and differences. In such a way, qualitative research plays a vital role in answering our doubts and queries in that certain matters.
Objectives: 1. To define qualitative research. 2. To explain the elements and characteristics of qualitative research. 3. To identify the different types of qualitative research, 4. To know the advantages/ disadvantages or strengths/ weaknesses of qualitative research. 5. To know the essence of qualitative research in our daily life.
Qualitative Research According to Coghan 2014, there is a personal involvement in every stage of your research. Ex. During an interview, we tend to admire the boldness and fighting spirits of the AFP while combatting the Maute-ISIS terrorists. We became affected by their expressions of what they think and feel about a topic while listening or observing a particular object/subject in a natural setting. According to Silverman 2013; Litchman 2013; Walliman 2014; Suter 2012, qualitative research is an act of inquiry or investigation of real-life events.
Qualitative Research A form of social inquiry that focuses on the way people interpret and make sense of their experiences and the world which they live.
1. Human understanding and interpretation - data analysis 2. Active, powerful and forceful - data gathering - rephrasing interview questions 3. Multiple research approaches and methods - allows you to plan your study - being multi-method research 4. Specificity to generalization - specific ideas will lead to generalizations or conclusions Characteristics of a Qualitative Research
5. Contextualization - context or situation of individuals life 6. Diversified data in real-life situations - collecting data in a natural setting 7. Abounds with words and visuals - presenting peoples view in a picture, video, drawing or graphs 8. Internal analysis - examining the data yielded by the internal traits of the subject individuals
2. Ethnography- a study of a particular cultural group. 3. Phenomenology- live-experienced of a phenomenon 4. Content and Discourse Analysis- Content Analysis- is a research technique that analyzes the modes of communication such as letters, e-mails etc. Discourse Analysis- is the study of social life, understood through analysis of language it includes face-to-face talk, non-verbal interaction, images and symbols. Types of Qualitative Research 1. Case Study- a long-time study of a person, group, organization or situation and an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context. The case can be an individual, person, event, group or an institution.
5. Historical Analysis- is a qualitative method where there is an examining of past events to draw conclusions and make predictions about the future. 6. Grounded Theory- takes place when there is a discovery of new theory which underlies your study at the time of data collection and analysis.
1. It adopts a naturalistic approach to its subject matter. 2. Promotes a full understanding of human behavior/personality traits in their natural setting. 3. It is instrumental for positive societal changes. 4. It engenders respect for peoples individuality. 5. Its a way of understanding & interpreting social interactions. 6. Increases researchers interests in the study. 7. Offers multiple ways of acquiring and examining knowledge about something. Advantages or Strengths of Qualitative Research
1. It involves a lot of researchers subjectivity in data analysis. 2. Its hard to know the validity/reliability of the data. 3. Its open-ended questions yield data overload that requires long-time analysis. 4. Its time-consuming. 5. It involves several process, which results greatly depend on the researchers views or interpretations. Disadvantages or Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
Essence of Qualitative Research It unveil individuals perception, feelings & attitudes about a certain topic. Information is precise and reliable since it promotes collaboration of the researchers and others as well. It also stimulates peoples interdependence or interpersonal relationships.
Practical Research 3 qualitative importance.pptx
Objectives: 1. To identify the three basic research approach. 2. To differentiate the three approach. 3. To identify the three methods of data collection. 4. To enumerate the different humanistic categories. 5. To define hard sciences and soft sciences.
Introduction: Research studies happen in any field of knowledge. Anthropology, Business, Communication, Education, Engineering, Law and Nursing.
1. Scientific Approach- deals with empirical data instead of personal views, feelings or attitudes. It allows control of variables or factors affecting the study. (Laursen 2010) Makes you express & record your findings quantitatively. (numerical forms) Presents structured interviews, questionnaires & observational checklists. 3 Basic Research Approach
2. Naturalistic Approach- A people-oriented approach which focuses on discovering the real concept or meaning behind peoples lifestyles and social relations. Lets you present things qualitatively through verbal language. Using words as unit of analysis. This approach is the basis for determining universal social values to define ethical and unethical that society ought to know, not only for the benefit of individual and community but also for the satisfaction of mans quest for knowledge. (Sarantakos 2013; Ransome 2013) Ex. Talking to ethnic groups or people with other culture in a natural setting. In this case, the researcher uses unstructured interviews and the participants answer/response is not scripted.
3. Triangulation/ Mixed Method Allows a combination or a mixture of research designs, data collection and data analysis techniques. This method is used to enhance the validity & reliability of qualitative research design. Enhances accuracy of interpretation. Gives you opportunity to view every angle of the research from different perspectives.
3 Main Methods of Data Collection 1. Interactive interviewing- people asked to verbally described their experiences of phenomenon. 2. Written descriptions by participant- people asked to write descriptions of their experiences of phenomenon 3. Observation- descriptive observations of verbal and non-verbal behavior.
In the field of Humanities, researchers ought to focus not to mans social life but instead studies its meanings, significance & visualizations of mans experiences in the field of Fine Arts, Literature, Music, Drama, Dance & other artistically inclined subjects.
Humanistic Categories 1. Literature and Art Criticism- where the researcher, using well-chosen language and appropriate organizational pattern, depend greatly on their interpretative and reflective thinking in evaluating the object of their study critically. 2.Philosophical Research- where the focus of inquiry is on knowledge and principles of being and on the manner human beings conduct themselves on Earth. 3. Historical Research- where the investigation centers on events and ideas that took place in mans life at a particular period.
Quantitative Research Qualitative Research Hard Sciences Soft Sciences Studies natural data driven phenomenon Studies human behavior in a scientific manner Objective Subjective Tests Theory Develops Theory Numbers Words Cause and Effect Relationship Knowing meaning & discovery Statistical Analysis & Generalizations Researchers interpretation Examples: Examples: Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Astronomy, Earth Science Sociology, Psychology, Political Science, Economics, Anthropology, History
Qualitative and Quantitative Research can go together in a research approach . There is a symbiotic relationship between these two research methods, in which they reinforce or strengthen each other. Moreover, any form of knowledge, factual or opinionated and any statistical or verbal expression of this knowledge are deduced from human experience that is subjective. (Hollway 2013; Letherby 2013)
Practical Research 3 qualitative importance.pptx
Self-Evaluation Test I. Direction: Choose your answer on the box. Write the word only. Number your paper from 1-10. 2. For the naturalistic approach, is the unit of analysis. 3. studies human behavior in a scientific manner. 4. Quantitative is to scientific approach; is to naturalistic approach. 5. According to qualitative research is an act of inquiry or investigation of real-life events. 1. Numerical data are true for the approach. word scientific Qualitative objectivity Soft Sciences Silverman 2013, Litchman 2013, Walliman 2014, Suter 2012, Coghan 2014
Test II. Direction: Explain briefly. 1. Define Qualitative Research 2. Enumerate the three types of approach to research. Then, choose one type of approach and explain. 3. Differentiate soft sciences from hard sciences.

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Practical Research 3 qualitative importance.pptx

  • 2. Introduction: Living in a world filled with different race makes us more unique as an individual. We might probably think and ask what are those unique traits, its similarities and differences. In such a way, qualitative research plays a vital role in answering our doubts and queries in that certain matters.
  • 3. Objectives: 1. To define qualitative research. 2. To explain the elements and characteristics of qualitative research. 3. To identify the different types of qualitative research, 4. To know the advantages/ disadvantages or strengths/ weaknesses of qualitative research. 5. To know the essence of qualitative research in our daily life.
  • 4. Qualitative Research According to Coghan 2014, there is a personal involvement in every stage of your research. Ex. During an interview, we tend to admire the boldness and fighting spirits of the AFP while combatting the Maute-ISIS terrorists. We became affected by their expressions of what they think and feel about a topic while listening or observing a particular object/subject in a natural setting. According to Silverman 2013; Litchman 2013; Walliman 2014; Suter 2012, qualitative research is an act of inquiry or investigation of real-life events.
  • 5. Qualitative Research A form of social inquiry that focuses on the way people interpret and make sense of their experiences and the world which they live.
  • 6. 1. Human understanding and interpretation - data analysis 2. Active, powerful and forceful - data gathering - rephrasing interview questions 3. Multiple research approaches and methods - allows you to plan your study - being multi-method research 4. Specificity to generalization - specific ideas will lead to generalizations or conclusions Characteristics of a Qualitative Research
  • 7. 5. Contextualization - context or situation of individuals life 6. Diversified data in real-life situations - collecting data in a natural setting 7. Abounds with words and visuals - presenting peoples view in a picture, video, drawing or graphs 8. Internal analysis - examining the data yielded by the internal traits of the subject individuals
  • 8. 2. Ethnography- a study of a particular cultural group. 3. Phenomenology- live-experienced of a phenomenon 4. Content and Discourse Analysis- Content Analysis- is a research technique that analyzes the modes of communication such as letters, e-mails etc. Discourse Analysis- is the study of social life, understood through analysis of language it includes face-to-face talk, non-verbal interaction, images and symbols. Types of Qualitative Research 1. Case Study- a long-time study of a person, group, organization or situation and an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context. The case can be an individual, person, event, group or an institution.
  • 9. 5. Historical Analysis- is a qualitative method where there is an examining of past events to draw conclusions and make predictions about the future. 6. Grounded Theory- takes place when there is a discovery of new theory which underlies your study at the time of data collection and analysis.
  • 10. 1. It adopts a naturalistic approach to its subject matter. 2. Promotes a full understanding of human behavior/personality traits in their natural setting. 3. It is instrumental for positive societal changes. 4. It engenders respect for peoples individuality. 5. Its a way of understanding & interpreting social interactions. 6. Increases researchers interests in the study. 7. Offers multiple ways of acquiring and examining knowledge about something. Advantages or Strengths of Qualitative Research
  • 11. 1. It involves a lot of researchers subjectivity in data analysis. 2. Its hard to know the validity/reliability of the data. 3. Its open-ended questions yield data overload that requires long-time analysis. 4. Its time-consuming. 5. It involves several process, which results greatly depend on the researchers views or interpretations. Disadvantages or Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
  • 12. Essence of Qualitative Research It unveil individuals perception, feelings & attitudes about a certain topic. Information is precise and reliable since it promotes collaboration of the researchers and others as well. It also stimulates peoples interdependence or interpersonal relationships.
  • 14. Objectives: 1. To identify the three basic research approach. 2. To differentiate the three approach. 3. To identify the three methods of data collection. 4. To enumerate the different humanistic categories. 5. To define hard sciences and soft sciences.
  • 15. Introduction: Research studies happen in any field of knowledge. Anthropology, Business, Communication, Education, Engineering, Law and Nursing.
  • 16. 1. Scientific Approach- deals with empirical data instead of personal views, feelings or attitudes. It allows control of variables or factors affecting the study. (Laursen 2010) Makes you express & record your findings quantitatively. (numerical forms) Presents structured interviews, questionnaires & observational checklists. 3 Basic Research Approach
  • 17. 2. Naturalistic Approach- A people-oriented approach which focuses on discovering the real concept or meaning behind peoples lifestyles and social relations. Lets you present things qualitatively through verbal language. Using words as unit of analysis. This approach is the basis for determining universal social values to define ethical and unethical that society ought to know, not only for the benefit of individual and community but also for the satisfaction of mans quest for knowledge. (Sarantakos 2013; Ransome 2013) Ex. Talking to ethnic groups or people with other culture in a natural setting. In this case, the researcher uses unstructured interviews and the participants answer/response is not scripted.
  • 18. 3. Triangulation/ Mixed Method Allows a combination or a mixture of research designs, data collection and data analysis techniques. This method is used to enhance the validity & reliability of qualitative research design. Enhances accuracy of interpretation. Gives you opportunity to view every angle of the research from different perspectives.
  • 19. 3 Main Methods of Data Collection 1. Interactive interviewing- people asked to verbally described their experiences of phenomenon. 2. Written descriptions by participant- people asked to write descriptions of their experiences of phenomenon 3. Observation- descriptive observations of verbal and non-verbal behavior.
  • 20. In the field of Humanities, researchers ought to focus not to mans social life but instead studies its meanings, significance & visualizations of mans experiences in the field of Fine Arts, Literature, Music, Drama, Dance & other artistically inclined subjects.
  • 21. Humanistic Categories 1. Literature and Art Criticism- where the researcher, using well-chosen language and appropriate organizational pattern, depend greatly on their interpretative and reflective thinking in evaluating the object of their study critically. 2.Philosophical Research- where the focus of inquiry is on knowledge and principles of being and on the manner human beings conduct themselves on Earth. 3. Historical Research- where the investigation centers on events and ideas that took place in mans life at a particular period.
  • 22. Quantitative Research Qualitative Research Hard Sciences Soft Sciences Studies natural data driven phenomenon Studies human behavior in a scientific manner Objective Subjective Tests Theory Develops Theory Numbers Words Cause and Effect Relationship Knowing meaning & discovery Statistical Analysis & Generalizations Researchers interpretation Examples: Examples: Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Astronomy, Earth Science Sociology, Psychology, Political Science, Economics, Anthropology, History
  • 23. Qualitative and Quantitative Research can go together in a research approach . There is a symbiotic relationship between these two research methods, in which they reinforce or strengthen each other. Moreover, any form of knowledge, factual or opinionated and any statistical or verbal expression of this knowledge are deduced from human experience that is subjective. (Hollway 2013; Letherby 2013)
  • 25. Self-Evaluation Test I. Direction: Choose your answer on the box. Write the word only. Number your paper from 1-10. 2. For the naturalistic approach, is the unit of analysis. 3. studies human behavior in a scientific manner. 4. Quantitative is to scientific approach; is to naturalistic approach. 5. According to qualitative research is an act of inquiry or investigation of real-life events. 1. Numerical data are true for the approach. word scientific Qualitative objectivity Soft Sciences Silverman 2013, Litchman 2013, Walliman 2014, Suter 2012, Coghan 2014
  • 26. Test II. Direction: Explain briefly. 1. Define Qualitative Research 2. Enumerate the three types of approach to research. Then, choose one type of approach and explain. 3. Differentiate soft sciences from hard sciences.