This document summarizes the preparation and analysis of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as a photocatalyst. It describes how heating melamine in a furnace above 345°C produces g-C3N4. X-ray diffraction and UV-visible spectroscopy were used to analyze the material's structure and light absorption. Scanning electron microscopy images show the morphology changes from granular to layered as the heating temperature increases. Transmission electron microscopy reveals the amorphous structure without crystal fringes. Applications of g-C3N4 include use as a metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen generation, organic pollutant degradation, photovoltaics, chemical sensors, and photoelectric devices by
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Preparation and photocatalytic properties of g c3 n4
8. XRD patterns at different temperature
• The products
maintained as
crystalline melamine
phase when the heating
temperature is lower
than 300ï‚°C.
• when the temperature
rises to 350–400C, it is
transformed into
crystalline or
amorphous graphite
like carbon nitride
compounds
• the temperature is
higher than 500ï‚°C, the
products completely
forms into amorphous
g-C3N4.
9. UV/visible spectra of g-C3N4
The UV-visible
diffuse reflectance
spectra showed that
the absorption edges
of samples is close to
468 nm.
10. SEM analysis
The morphology of melamine
processed at 300ï‚°C is
granular with a particle size of
50–80 nm.
The processed temperature is
higher than 400ï‚°C, the
morphology of products have
transformed into layer.
Flake size : 0.5–0.8 mm
SEM images at (b) 400ï‚°CSEM images at (a) 300ï‚°C
11. SEM images at (d) 600ï‚°C .SEM images at (c) 500ï‚°C
The processed temperature
rises to 500ï‚°C . the size is
also increased to 0.5–1.0
mm
The processed temperature
rises to 600ï‚°C size is also
increased to 0.5–1.5 mm
12. HR-TEM, images of g-C3N4 at
600ï‚°C for 2 h.
TEM analysis
Layer like structure
No crystal fring is observed so
amorphous in structure
TEM, images of g-C3N4 at 600ï‚°C for 2 h.