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Presentaion on Bio-Informatics

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Zakaria Hossain

This document provides an overview of cells and DNA sequencing. It discusses that cells are the fundamental units of living systems, and that there are over 200 different cell types but the same genetic code. It also describes the common components of cells, including water, small molecules, and macromolecules. The document then explains what global and local sequence alignment are, providing an example of local alignment. It defines DNA sequencing as determining the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule, and outlines the key steps in DNA sequencing including preparation, reaction, electrophoresis, and computer analysis.

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Welcome to Our Presentation on
What is Cell? 1. Fundamental working units of every living system. 2. Cell specialization in multi-cellular organism. 3. Organs are formed 4. More than 200 different cell types With lots of variety in every sense But the genetic code is same
Cells 70% water 7% small molecules salts lipids amino acids nucleotides 23% macromolecules proteins polysaccharides lipids
All Cells have common Cycles
What is Global Alignment? A general global alignment technique is the Needleman Wunsch algorithm, which is based on dynamic programming. Local alignments are more useful for dissimilar sequences that are suspected to contain regions of similarity or similar sequence motifs within their larger sequence context.
Example:
Local Alignment Initialize first row and first column to be 0. The score of the best local alignment is the largest value in the entire array. To find the actual local alignment: start at an entry with the maximum score . traceback as usual stop when we reach an entry with a score of 0
Local Alignment Example
What is DNA sequencing? DNA sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule. Why DNA sequencing needed? Determining DNA sequence is basic to understand biological processes Automated DNA sequencing is a core research tool used by almost every research biochemistry lab
1. DNA preparation (i). (ii). (iii). (V). (iv).
2. Sequencing Reaction (i). Strand separation (ii). Primer Annealing (iii). Primer Extension
(iv). Chain Termination 3. Capillary Electrophoresis
Computer Analysis The computer displays the information as an electropherogram, a trace of signal received by the photodetector in different wavelengths Computer assigns false colors to each of the four tracings
Presentaion on Bio-Informatics
Presentaion on Bio-Informatics
Presentaion on Bio-Informatics
Presentaion on Bio-Informatics
Presentaion on Bio-Informatics
Presentaion on Bio-Informatics
Zakaria Hossain

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Presentaion on Bio-Informatics

  • 1. Welcome to Our Presentation on
  • 2. What is Cell? 1. Fundamental working units of every living system. 2. Cell specialization in multi-cellular organism. 3. Organs are formed 4. More than 200 different cell types With lots of variety in every sense But the genetic code is same
  • 3. Cells 70% water 7% small molecules salts lipids amino acids nucleotides 23% macromolecules proteins polysaccharides lipids
  • 4. All Cells have common Cycles
  • 5. What is Global Alignment? A general global alignment technique is the Needleman Wunsch algorithm, which is based on dynamic programming. Local alignments are more useful for dissimilar sequences that are suspected to contain regions of similarity or similar sequence motifs within their larger sequence context.
  • 7. Local Alignment Initialize first row and first column to be 0. The score of the best local alignment is the largest value in the entire array. To find the actual local alignment: start at an entry with the maximum score . traceback as usual stop when we reach an entry with a score of 0
  • 9. What is DNA sequencing? DNA sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule. Why DNA sequencing needed? Determining DNA sequence is basic to understand biological processes Automated DNA sequencing is a core research tool used by almost every research biochemistry lab
  • 10. 1. DNA preparation (i). (ii). (iii). (V). (iv).
  • 11. 2. Sequencing Reaction (i). Strand separation (ii). Primer Annealing (iii). Primer Extension
  • 12. (iv). Chain Termination 3. Capillary Electrophoresis
  • 13. Computer Analysis The computer displays the information as an electropherogram, a trace of signal received by the photodetector in different wavelengths Computer assigns false colors to each of the four tracings