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Tavakkoli M. H, PhD
Tavakkoli M. H, PhD

This document discusses why athletes run counterclockwise around tracks. It provides several reasons, including that most natural phenomena move counterclockwise, such as the rotation of planets. Physiologically, running counterclockwise warms the body through breathing through the right nostril. The location of the heart on the left side of the body also makes counterclockwise movement more balanced. Historical traditions from Greek games and standardization by sporting organizations have cemented the counterclockwise convention.

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A runner running on the inside lane of an athletics track displaces (s) 123.8 m at an angle of 36属, while covering a distance (d) of 200 m. The distance, a scalar quantity, is more important than the displacement, a vector quantity, in this instance. If an object is getting faster while moving in the positive direction or slowing down in the negative direction it is accelerating positively but if it is slowing down while moving in the positive direction or speeding up in the negative direction it is accelerating negatively.
The Reason Why Do Athletes Run Around the Track Counter- Clockwise? By M. H. TAVAKKOLI KERALA UNIVERSITY Department of Physical Education REFERENCE ADDRESS : International Educational E-Journal, www.oiirj.org, impact factor 1.958
Key Notes 1- The Riddle 2- The Greek Connection 3- The Natural Reason 4- Physiological Reason 5- A Runner on a Curved Track 6- A Matter of Heart 7- The Tail Piece 8- The Rule Book
1. The Riddle Whenever we watch any track & field events, specifically a race like 200 m, 400 m, 800 m, or 1500 m we just watch the speed in which the athletes run, but never focus or attention on a crucial fact that runners run in counter-clockwise direction only. Generally people brush aside it as something importance because they are least bothered whether the athlete runs clockwise or counter-clockwise. For a moment, let us not confuse which is clockwise and which counter- clockwise but just imagine the situation as such we are watching the runners, sitting in the stadium. Then we can clearly understand that the runners run in counter-clockwise direction all time (i.e. opposite to the direction, in wish we brush our teeth).
Now we can have a clear idea about the direction in which the athletes run on the track. Interestingly, it is not that only the track athletes run counter-clockwise but also circular sport athletes (discus and hammer throwers and shot putters) make the rotational movement in counter-clockwise direction. Even motorcycle and formula 1 racing are run counter-clockwise.
2. The Greek Connection Interestingly, the Greeks didn`t have clocks; for them it was no clockwise or counter-clockwise at hand it was singular right or left. The tradition goes back to the Olympic Games, 700BC. The ancient Hippodrome (a horse races) appears to be based on an anti-clockwise race with competitors coming up to the finishing line at the end of the straight. How far the Greeks were accurate in their visual sense and applying it to their advantage in laying down running tracks and making athletes run from left to right, can be put to a simple test by yourself, with a FIFA activity on your Xbox or ps, and you will find you play far better when your team is going from left to right, and that if you play right to left you lose fluidity.
3. The Natural Reason We run counter-clockwise because everything in nature tends towards counter-clockwise motion. The list of natural phenomena that run counter-clockwise is quite impressive. It includes: the molecule structure of amino acids, the shape of seashells, the rotational direction of all the planets (except Venus), and the orbital direction of the earth around the sun. On this point, Peter Brown from Sheffield argues: Because of the effect of the Earth`s rotation, an athlete running anti-clockwise will have a slight advantage, resulting in a faster time. In the Southern Hemisphere, this effect is reversed but, as the sport grew up in the Northern Hemisphere, anti-clockwise races have remained, despite the international status of athletics.
The question is, if the World Championships are ever held in the Southern Hemisphere, would the IAAF decide that track events should be run in the opposite direction? Perhaps, no, for it would upset the entire athletic competition ethos. In sum, counter-clockwise track racing follows the Law of Nature in human wisdom. 4. Physiological Reason As we know that if we breathe from left nose hole, cool air will go inside and if we breathe from right nose hole, warm air will go inside. When we run on a circular track anticlockwise, we will breathe from right nose hole .Which will warm up our body and we can run more fast as when we start race, we first warm up our body and then start running.
Based on the known physiological facts, a lot of theories are thrown around to define the reason why athletes always run around the track counter-clockwise. Some say it is related to the heart`s position, others content that the direction has been determined to better facilitate a right handed runner. Equally strong arguments exist for and against the proposition. Experts in biomechanics, however, agree that running counter-clockwise may have some coincidental physiological benefits to the track athlete. During isovolumic contraction, the LV apex shows brief clockwise rotation that reverses rapidly and becomes counterclockwise during LV ejection.
5. A Runner on a Curved Track As the runner rounds the curve, leans toward the center of rotation. foot, as it makes contact with the ground, is subject to the two forces, shown in: an upward force W, which supports her weight, and a centripetal reaction force Fcp, which counteracts the centrifugal force. The resultant force Fr acts on the runner at an angle 慮 with respect to the vertical axis. If the runner were to round the curve remaining perpendicular to the surface, this resultant force would not pass through the center of gravity and an unbalancing torque would be applied on the runner if the runner adjusts the position by leaning at an angle 慮 toward the center of rotation, the resultant force Fr passes through the center of gravity and the unbalancing torque is eliminated.
6. A Matter of Heart Physiologist have also cited structure of the human body especially location of our most precious heart on the left side as an important factor in explaining why counter-clockwise running or turning is most helpful to the athletes than clockwise movement. According to them, as the heart is on the left side, for humans and animals, running counter-clockwise makes the centrifugal force in the body to act from left to right, and from right to left for clockwise running. When the body loses equilibrium, it has a strong tendency to fall toward the heart side. This also explains why most riders find it easier to corner to the left than to the right. And its why track races go counterclockwise so that all turning is to the left. Apart from this, it is also argued that when an athlete runs in counter-clockwise direction, he encounters only left turns and as a matter of fact left turns are easier than right turns.
7. The Tail Piece The direction we read also provides a fine answer to this question. Most languages are read from left to right. It is true that Chinese and Arabic are read from right to left and traditional Japanese is read downwards left to right, but these are the exceptions. Rugani says animals and humans may instinctively count from the left because the right hemisphere of the brain which processes the left field of vision is dominant in visual tasks. This suggests counting from the left may be instinctive rather than culturally learned. Even in languages such as Farsi that are written and read from right to left, numerals are organized from left to right. It is no fun but a proven fact that if a person is blindfolded and told to walk forward, the right-handed person will begin to lean towards the left and the left-handed person towards the right.
8. The Rule Book With regard to the track events (foot races), the rule book says that running will run with their disappeared hand to the inside. Somewhere, lost in the mists of time, officialdom fixed to standardize on certain things close to the distance of races, the point of hurdles, and the width of lane. Importantly, they also standardized the direction the race would go. Presently, the rules for track events (foot races), the track geometry, direction of travel, have been set by international agreement to ensure comparability of times.
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  • 2. A runner running on the inside lane of an athletics track displaces (s) 123.8 m at an angle of 36属, while covering a distance (d) of 200 m. The distance, a scalar quantity, is more important than the displacement, a vector quantity, in this instance. If an object is getting faster while moving in the positive direction or slowing down in the negative direction it is accelerating positively but if it is slowing down while moving in the positive direction or speeding up in the negative direction it is accelerating negatively.
  • 3. The Reason Why Do Athletes Run Around the Track Counter- Clockwise? By M. H. TAVAKKOLI KERALA UNIVERSITY Department of Physical Education REFERENCE ADDRESS : International Educational E-Journal, www.oiirj.org, impact factor 1.958
  • 4. Key Notes 1- The Riddle 2- The Greek Connection 3- The Natural Reason 4- Physiological Reason 5- A Runner on a Curved Track 6- A Matter of Heart 7- The Tail Piece 8- The Rule Book
  • 5. 1. The Riddle Whenever we watch any track & field events, specifically a race like 200 m, 400 m, 800 m, or 1500 m we just watch the speed in which the athletes run, but never focus or attention on a crucial fact that runners run in counter-clockwise direction only. Generally people brush aside it as something importance because they are least bothered whether the athlete runs clockwise or counter-clockwise. For a moment, let us not confuse which is clockwise and which counter- clockwise but just imagine the situation as such we are watching the runners, sitting in the stadium. Then we can clearly understand that the runners run in counter-clockwise direction all time (i.e. opposite to the direction, in wish we brush our teeth).
  • 6. Now we can have a clear idea about the direction in which the athletes run on the track. Interestingly, it is not that only the track athletes run counter-clockwise but also circular sport athletes (discus and hammer throwers and shot putters) make the rotational movement in counter-clockwise direction. Even motorcycle and formula 1 racing are run counter-clockwise.
  • 7. 2. The Greek Connection Interestingly, the Greeks didn`t have clocks; for them it was no clockwise or counter-clockwise at hand it was singular right or left. The tradition goes back to the Olympic Games, 700BC. The ancient Hippodrome (a horse races) appears to be based on an anti-clockwise race with competitors coming up to the finishing line at the end of the straight. How far the Greeks were accurate in their visual sense and applying it to their advantage in laying down running tracks and making athletes run from left to right, can be put to a simple test by yourself, with a FIFA activity on your Xbox or ps, and you will find you play far better when your team is going from left to right, and that if you play right to left you lose fluidity.
  • 8. 3. The Natural Reason We run counter-clockwise because everything in nature tends towards counter-clockwise motion. The list of natural phenomena that run counter-clockwise is quite impressive. It includes: the molecule structure of amino acids, the shape of seashells, the rotational direction of all the planets (except Venus), and the orbital direction of the earth around the sun. On this point, Peter Brown from Sheffield argues: Because of the effect of the Earth`s rotation, an athlete running anti-clockwise will have a slight advantage, resulting in a faster time. In the Southern Hemisphere, this effect is reversed but, as the sport grew up in the Northern Hemisphere, anti-clockwise races have remained, despite the international status of athletics.
  • 9. The question is, if the World Championships are ever held in the Southern Hemisphere, would the IAAF decide that track events should be run in the opposite direction? Perhaps, no, for it would upset the entire athletic competition ethos. In sum, counter-clockwise track racing follows the Law of Nature in human wisdom. 4. Physiological Reason As we know that if we breathe from left nose hole, cool air will go inside and if we breathe from right nose hole, warm air will go inside. When we run on a circular track anticlockwise, we will breathe from right nose hole .Which will warm up our body and we can run more fast as when we start race, we first warm up our body and then start running.
  • 10. Based on the known physiological facts, a lot of theories are thrown around to define the reason why athletes always run around the track counter-clockwise. Some say it is related to the heart`s position, others content that the direction has been determined to better facilitate a right handed runner. Equally strong arguments exist for and against the proposition. Experts in biomechanics, however, agree that running counter-clockwise may have some coincidental physiological benefits to the track athlete. During isovolumic contraction, the LV apex shows brief clockwise rotation that reverses rapidly and becomes counterclockwise during LV ejection.
  • 11. 5. A Runner on a Curved Track As the runner rounds the curve, leans toward the center of rotation. foot, as it makes contact with the ground, is subject to the two forces, shown in: an upward force W, which supports her weight, and a centripetal reaction force Fcp, which counteracts the centrifugal force. The resultant force Fr acts on the runner at an angle 慮 with respect to the vertical axis. If the runner were to round the curve remaining perpendicular to the surface, this resultant force would not pass through the center of gravity and an unbalancing torque would be applied on the runner if the runner adjusts the position by leaning at an angle 慮 toward the center of rotation, the resultant force Fr passes through the center of gravity and the unbalancing torque is eliminated.
  • 12. 6. A Matter of Heart Physiologist have also cited structure of the human body especially location of our most precious heart on the left side as an important factor in explaining why counter-clockwise running or turning is most helpful to the athletes than clockwise movement. According to them, as the heart is on the left side, for humans and animals, running counter-clockwise makes the centrifugal force in the body to act from left to right, and from right to left for clockwise running. When the body loses equilibrium, it has a strong tendency to fall toward the heart side. This also explains why most riders find it easier to corner to the left than to the right. And its why track races go counterclockwise so that all turning is to the left. Apart from this, it is also argued that when an athlete runs in counter-clockwise direction, he encounters only left turns and as a matter of fact left turns are easier than right turns.
  • 13. 7. The Tail Piece The direction we read also provides a fine answer to this question. Most languages are read from left to right. It is true that Chinese and Arabic are read from right to left and traditional Japanese is read downwards left to right, but these are the exceptions. Rugani says animals and humans may instinctively count from the left because the right hemisphere of the brain which processes the left field of vision is dominant in visual tasks. This suggests counting from the left may be instinctive rather than culturally learned. Even in languages such as Farsi that are written and read from right to left, numerals are organized from left to right. It is no fun but a proven fact that if a person is blindfolded and told to walk forward, the right-handed person will begin to lean towards the left and the left-handed person towards the right.
  • 14. 8. The Rule Book With regard to the track events (foot races), the rule book says that running will run with their disappeared hand to the inside. Somewhere, lost in the mists of time, officialdom fixed to standardize on certain things close to the distance of races, the point of hurdles, and the width of lane. Importantly, they also standardized the direction the race would go. Presently, the rules for track events (foot races), the track geometry, direction of travel, have been set by international agreement to ensure comparability of times.