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Ghada Elfauomy
Ghada Elfauomy

This document discusses how to change direct speech into reported or indirect speech in English. It covers changing statements, questions, commands, and exclamations from direct to indirect speech. Tense changes, pronouns, time and place expressions are altered based on reporting rules in reported speech. Examples are provided to illustrate these changes for different types of sentences.

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Reported Speech By : Ghada Elfauomy
1 -Statement Directindirect - say say say to tell says says says to tells said said said to told -thatthat - Statement Question Command Exclamation
2 - Present Simple Past Simple Present continuous Past continuous Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Simple Past Perfect Will / can / shall would / could / should - Now Then Here There This That Thus so These Those Today That day
3 Tomorrow The following day Next week The following week Yesterday The previous day Last night The previous night To night That night Age Before -
4 Reflexive Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Possessive Adjectives ObjectSubject Myself Himself Herself Itself Our self Your self Them self Mine His Her Its Ours Yours Theirs My His Her Its Our Your Their Me Him Her It Us You Them I He She It We You They
5 Examples: He says to us Im a student He tells us he is a student. The boy said to me Im in the class and am writing The boy told me that he was in the class and was writing. She said I was at Cairo Yesterday . She said she had been at Cairo the previous day. -(I/ We)(He / She / They) -(you)(I)(me) -(He / She / It )
6 -(and added that / and that) Example: He said I shall try to be in time . I am sorry I was late yesterday . He said that he would try to be in time and added that he was sorry he had been late the day before. -yes( agreed / answered in the affirmative) . Example: He said , Yes I shall take it. He answered in the affirmative that he would take it . Or : He agreed to take it . -No(refused / answered in the negative )
7 -Question (be have do- Model Verbs) - Said asked / enquired / wanted to know / wonder - If / whether - Subject + verb + object Examples: He says Is the weather good today? He asked if the weather is good that day .
8 ( Who Whom Which Where When How) - - Examples: I said to her Where will you spend the holiday? I asked her where she would spend the holiday . She says what shall I say mother? She asked her mother what she shall say.
9 -The Command -To -Not to -Said to Asked / requested Ordered / commanded Told Warned Advised Prayed / begged
10 Examples: She said to the servant Clean the room and shut the door . She ordered the servant to clean the room and shut the door . The father said to the child Dont play in the street . The father told the child not to play in the street . The doctor said to me Stay in bed and take this medicine . The doctor advised me to stay in bed and take that medicine. The poor man said to me please give me some food to eat. The poor man begged me to give him some food to eat. (please)
11 -The Exclamation - Said exclaimed Said to told - With joy / with sorrow With surprise / with admiration -that - Alas! / oh!/ How! / What ! / Hurrah! -
11 Examples: He said , What a titanic ship! He exclaimed with admiration that the ship was titanic. He cried Alas ! There is no hope of his recovery He exclaimed with sorrow that there was no hope of his recovery. Hurrah! we are going to have a holiday tomorrow said the pupils. The pupil exclaimed with joy that they were going to have holiday next day .

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Presentation17

  • 1. Reported Speech By : Ghada Elfauomy
  • 2. 1 -Statement Directindirect - say say say to tell says says says to tells said said said to told -thatthat - Statement Question Command Exclamation
  • 3. 2 - Present Simple Past Simple Present continuous Past continuous Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Simple Past Perfect Will / can / shall would / could / should - Now Then Here There This That Thus so These Those Today That day
  • 4. 3 Tomorrow The following day Next week The following week Yesterday The previous day Last night The previous night To night That night Age Before -
  • 5. 4 Reflexive Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Possessive Adjectives ObjectSubject Myself Himself Herself Itself Our self Your self Them self Mine His Her Its Ours Yours Theirs My His Her Its Our Your Their Me Him Her It Us You Them I He She It We You They
  • 6. 5 Examples: He says to us Im a student He tells us he is a student. The boy said to me Im in the class and am writing The boy told me that he was in the class and was writing. She said I was at Cairo Yesterday . She said she had been at Cairo the previous day. -(I/ We)(He / She / They) -(you)(I)(me) -(He / She / It )
  • 7. 6 -(and added that / and that) Example: He said I shall try to be in time . I am sorry I was late yesterday . He said that he would try to be in time and added that he was sorry he had been late the day before. -yes( agreed / answered in the affirmative) . Example: He said , Yes I shall take it. He answered in the affirmative that he would take it . Or : He agreed to take it . -No(refused / answered in the negative )
  • 8. 7 -Question (be have do- Model Verbs) - Said asked / enquired / wanted to know / wonder - If / whether - Subject + verb + object Examples: He says Is the weather good today? He asked if the weather is good that day .
  • 9. 8 ( Who Whom Which Where When How) - - Examples: I said to her Where will you spend the holiday? I asked her where she would spend the holiday . She says what shall I say mother? She asked her mother what she shall say.
  • 10. 9 -The Command -To -Not to -Said to Asked / requested Ordered / commanded Told Warned Advised Prayed / begged
  • 11. 10 Examples: She said to the servant Clean the room and shut the door . She ordered the servant to clean the room and shut the door . The father said to the child Dont play in the street . The father told the child not to play in the street . The doctor said to me Stay in bed and take this medicine . The doctor advised me to stay in bed and take that medicine. The poor man said to me please give me some food to eat. The poor man begged me to give him some food to eat. (please)
  • 12. 11 -The Exclamation - Said exclaimed Said to told - With joy / with sorrow With surprise / with admiration -that - Alas! / oh!/ How! / What ! / Hurrah! -
  • 13. 11 Examples: He said , What a titanic ship! He exclaimed with admiration that the ship was titanic. He cried Alas ! There is no hope of his recovery He exclaimed with sorrow that there was no hope of his recovery. Hurrah! we are going to have a holiday tomorrow said the pupils. The pupil exclaimed with joy that they were going to have holiday next day .