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This document discusses an IT management student named Nur Akvini with student ID 531311011. It covers topics related to computer networking including the transport layer, TCP and UDP protocols, port numbers, application layer, and specific applications like Telnet.

Nama : Nur Akvini
Kelas : Manajemen Informatika (D3)
NIM : 531311011

The document solicits students to send their semester and specialization details to receive fully solved assignments via email. It features questions about various networking concepts such as PPP, UDP, FTP, HTTP, and SNMP, each requiring definitions, diagrams, and explanations. The content serves as an assignment guide for students in a Bachelor of Computer Application program, particularly focusing on semester 5 coursework.

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This document discusses various aspects of transport layer protocols in computer networks, including: - Addressing processes using port numbers between 0-65,535 - The client-server model where clients use ephemeral ports over 1023 and servers use well-known ports - Transport layer services like multiplexing, demultiplexing, flow control using buffers, error control using sequence numbers and acknowledgments, and congestion control - Connection-oriented protocols like TCP provide reliable data delivery compared to connectionless protocols like UDP. - Stop-and-wait, go-back-N, and selective-repeat protocols aim to increase efficiency over simple retransmission by allowing multiple outstanding packets.

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The document provides an overview of computer networks, discussing components such as nodes, communication channels, and the OSI model, which outlines seven layers for data communication. It covers the functions of each layer from the physical layer to the application layer and highlights network criteria including performance, reliability, and security. Additionally, it explains various network topologies and switching methods, including ISDN technology and its classifications.

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The document provides a comprehensive overview of the transport layer in networking, detailing transport services, primitives, and protocols such as TCP and UDP. Key topics include connection establishment and release, multiplexing, crash recovery, and performance issues, demonstrated with examples like socket programming and remote procedure calls. It concludes with references and a discussion on various transport protocol elements and their corresponding headers.

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The document summarizes key topics related to transport layer protocols: - It describes the services provided by the transport layer, including addressing, connection establishment and release, flow control, and multiplexing. - It provides details on common transport protocols like TCP and UDP, including their packet headers, connection management, congestion control, and performance issues at high speeds. - It also presents an example transport protocol and uses finite state machines to model its operation and connection management.

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Here are the key steps in stop-and-wait ARQ when frame 1 is lost: 1. Station A transmits frame 0 and waits for ACK 2. Station B receives frame 0 and sends ACK 3. Station A receives ACK and transmits frame 1 4. Frame 1 is lost in transmission 5. Station A's timer expires before receiving ACK for frame 1 6. Station A retransmits frame 1 The key aspects are that the sender transmits one frame at a time and waits for ACK before sending the next frame. If ACK is not received within the timeout period, the frame is retransmitted.

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The document discusses the ALOHA protocol for medium access. It was developed at the University of Hawaii in 1971 to connect users across the Hawaiian islands via radio frequencies. There are two main versions: Pure ALOHA, where nodes transmit randomly, and Slotted ALOHA, where time is divided into slots for transmission. Slotted ALOHA improves on Pure ALOHA by reducing collisions to only those within a time slot. The maximum throughput for Pure ALOHA is 18.4% while Slotted ALOHA achieves 37%, but both protocols experience exponentially decreasing performance with only small increases in network load.

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