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Nelson Mandela was a revolutionary South African leader who fought against apartheid. He was elected president of South Africa in 1994, becoming the country's first black president in a fully representative, multiracial election. As president, his government focused on ending the legacy of apartheid. Mandela had been a leader in the African National Congress since the 1940s and co-founded the armed wing Umkhonto we Sizwe to resist apartheid policies through acts of sabotage. He was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to life imprisonment for plotting to overthrow the government, but was released in 1990 after 27 years in prison.

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NELSON MANDELA: THE END OF APARTHEID
NELSON MANDELA
BIRTH DATE AND PLACE AND FAMILY NELSON ROLIHLAHLA MANDELA WAS BORN IN TRANSKEI, SOUTH AFRICA ON JULY 18, 1918. HIS FATHER WAS HENDRY MPHAKANYISWA OF THE TEMBU TRIBE
INTRODUCTION: NELSON ROHLILAL MANDELA WAS REVOLUTIONARY SOUTH AFRICAN LEADER WHO WAS AGAINST APARTHEID HE WAS THE PRESIDENT OF SOUTH AFRICA FROM 1994 TO 1999 HE WAS THE FIRST BLACK SOUTH AFRICAN TO HOLD OFFICE, AND FIRST TO BE ELECTED IN A FULLY REPRESENTATIVE, MULTIRACIAL ELECTION HIS GOVERNMENT FOCUSED ON ENDING THE RUTHLESS LEGACY OF APARTHEID HE WAS PRESIDENT OF THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS FROM 1991 TO 19997 AND WAS THESECRETARY GENERAL OOF NON-ALLIGNED MOVEMENT FROM1998 TO 1999
EDUCATION MANDELA WAS EDUCATED AT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF FORT HARE AND THE UNIVERSITY OF WITWATERSRAND WHERE HE STUDIED LAW
JOINING OF ANC HE JOINED THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS IN 1944 AND WAS ENGAGED IN RESISTANCE AGAINST THE RULING NATIONAL PARTY'S APARTHEID POLICIES AFTER 1948. HE WENT ON TRIAL FOR TREASON IN 1956-1961 AND WAS ACQUITTED IN 1961.
BANNING OF ANC IN 1960, NELSON MANDELA ARGUED FOR THE SETTING UP OF A MILITARY WING WITHIN THE ANC. IN JUNE 1961, THE ANC EXECUTIVE CONSIDERED HIS PROPOSAL ON THE USE OF VIOLENT TACTICS AND AGREED THAT THOSE MEMBERS WHO WISHED TO INVOLVE THEMSELVES IN MANDELA'S CAMPAIGN WOULD NOT BE STOPPED FROM DOING SO BY THE ANC.
FORMATION OF UMKHONTO WE SIZWE UMKHONTO WE SIZWE (ABBREVIATED AS MK, TRANSLATED AS "SPEAR OF THE NATION") WAS THE ARMED WING OF THE ANC CO-FOUNDED BY NELSON MANDELA, WHICH FOUGHT AGAINST THE SOUTH AFRICAN GOVERNMENT. MK LAUNCHED ITS FIRST GUERRILLA ATTACKS AGAINST GOVERNMENT INSTALLATIONS ON 16 DECEMBER 1961. IT WAS SUBSEQUENTLY CLASSIFIED AS A TERRORIST ORGANISATION BY THE SOUTH AFRICAN GOVERNMENT AND THE UNITED STATES, AND BANNED.
HIS ARREST IN 1962 MANDELA WAS ARRESTED IN 1962 AND SENTENCED TO FIVE YEARS' IMPRISONMENT WITH HARD LABOUR. IN 1963, WHEN MANY FELLOW LEADERS OF THE ANC AND THE UMKHONTO WE SIZWE WERE ARRESTED, MANDELA WAS BROUGHT TO STAND TRIAL WITH THEM FOR PLOTTING TO OVERTHROW THE GOVERNMENT BY VIOLENCE. HIS STATEMENT FROM THE DOCK RECEIVED CONSIDERABLE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICITY
HIS ARREST IN 1964 ON JUNE 12, 1964, EIGHT OF THE ACCUSED, INCLUDING MANDELA, WERE SENTENCED TO LIFE IMPRISONMENT. FROM 1964 TO 1982, HE WAS INCARCERATED AT ROBBEN ISLAND PRISON, OFF CAPE TOWN; THEREAFTER, HE WAS AT POLLSMOOR PRISON, NEARBY ON THE MAINLAND.
HIS RELEASED IN 1990 NELSON MANDELA WAS RELEASED ON FEBRUARY 11, 1990. AFTER HIS RELEASE, HE PLUNGED HIMSELF WHOLEHEARTEDLY INTO HIS LIFE'S WORK, STRIVING TO ATTAIN THE GOALS HE AND OTHERS HAD SET OUT ALMOST FOUR DECADES EARLIER AND THAT WAS TOO END APARTHEID AND DISCRIMINATION
AT THE CONFERENCE OF ANC IN 1991, AT THE FIRST NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE ANC HELD INSIDE SOUTH AFRICA AFTER THE ORGANIZATION HAD BEEN BANNED IN 1960, MANDELA WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE ANC WHILE HIS LIFELONG FRIEND AND COLLEAGUE, OLIVER TAMBO, BECAME THE ORGANISATION'S NATIONAL CHAIRPERSON.
YEAR 1993 HE WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE TOGETHER WITH FW DE KLERK, THEN PRESIDENT OF SOUTH AFRICA, IN 1993. THE FOLLOWING YEAR SOUTH AFRICA HELD ITS FIRST MULTI-RACIAL ELECTION AND MANDELA WAS ELECTED ITS FIRST BLACK PRESIDENT
THE END OF TERM IN OFFICE: IN 1997 HE STEPPED DOWN AS ANC LEADER AND IN 1999 HIS PRESIDENCY OF SOUTH AFRICA CAME TO AN END. IN 2004, MANDELA ANNOUNCED HIS RETIREMENT FROM PUBLIC LIFE, ALTHOUGH HIS CHARITABLE WORK CONTINUED. ON 29 AUGUST 2007, A PERMANENT STATUE TO HIM WAS UNVEILED IN PARLIAMENT SQUARE, LONDON.
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Presentationonnelsonmandela 140123082617-phpapp02 (1)

  • 1. NELSON MANDELA: THE END OF APARTHEID
  • 3. BIRTH DATE AND PLACE AND FAMILY NELSON ROLIHLAHLA MANDELA WAS BORN IN TRANSKEI, SOUTH AFRICA ON JULY 18, 1918. HIS FATHER WAS HENDRY MPHAKANYISWA OF THE TEMBU TRIBE
  • 4. INTRODUCTION: NELSON ROHLILAL MANDELA WAS REVOLUTIONARY SOUTH AFRICAN LEADER WHO WAS AGAINST APARTHEID HE WAS THE PRESIDENT OF SOUTH AFRICA FROM 1994 TO 1999 HE WAS THE FIRST BLACK SOUTH AFRICAN TO HOLD OFFICE, AND FIRST TO BE ELECTED IN A FULLY REPRESENTATIVE, MULTIRACIAL ELECTION HIS GOVERNMENT FOCUSED ON ENDING THE RUTHLESS LEGACY OF APARTHEID HE WAS PRESIDENT OF THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS FROM 1991 TO 19997 AND WAS THESECRETARY GENERAL OOF NON-ALLIGNED MOVEMENT FROM1998 TO 1999
  • 5. EDUCATION MANDELA WAS EDUCATED AT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF FORT HARE AND THE UNIVERSITY OF WITWATERSRAND WHERE HE STUDIED LAW
  • 6. JOINING OF ANC HE JOINED THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS IN 1944 AND WAS ENGAGED IN RESISTANCE AGAINST THE RULING NATIONAL PARTY'S APARTHEID POLICIES AFTER 1948. HE WENT ON TRIAL FOR TREASON IN 1956-1961 AND WAS ACQUITTED IN 1961.
  • 7. BANNING OF ANC IN 1960, NELSON MANDELA ARGUED FOR THE SETTING UP OF A MILITARY WING WITHIN THE ANC. IN JUNE 1961, THE ANC EXECUTIVE CONSIDERED HIS PROPOSAL ON THE USE OF VIOLENT TACTICS AND AGREED THAT THOSE MEMBERS WHO WISHED TO INVOLVE THEMSELVES IN MANDELA'S CAMPAIGN WOULD NOT BE STOPPED FROM DOING SO BY THE ANC.
  • 8. FORMATION OF UMKHONTO WE SIZWE UMKHONTO WE SIZWE (ABBREVIATED AS MK, TRANSLATED AS "SPEAR OF THE NATION") WAS THE ARMED WING OF THE ANC CO-FOUNDED BY NELSON MANDELA, WHICH FOUGHT AGAINST THE SOUTH AFRICAN GOVERNMENT. MK LAUNCHED ITS FIRST GUERRILLA ATTACKS AGAINST GOVERNMENT INSTALLATIONS ON 16 DECEMBER 1961. IT WAS SUBSEQUENTLY CLASSIFIED AS A TERRORIST ORGANISATION BY THE SOUTH AFRICAN GOVERNMENT AND THE UNITED STATES, AND BANNED.
  • 9. HIS ARREST IN 1962 MANDELA WAS ARRESTED IN 1962 AND SENTENCED TO FIVE YEARS' IMPRISONMENT WITH HARD LABOUR. IN 1963, WHEN MANY FELLOW LEADERS OF THE ANC AND THE UMKHONTO WE SIZWE WERE ARRESTED, MANDELA WAS BROUGHT TO STAND TRIAL WITH THEM FOR PLOTTING TO OVERTHROW THE GOVERNMENT BY VIOLENCE. HIS STATEMENT FROM THE DOCK RECEIVED CONSIDERABLE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICITY
  • 10. HIS ARREST IN 1964 ON JUNE 12, 1964, EIGHT OF THE ACCUSED, INCLUDING MANDELA, WERE SENTENCED TO LIFE IMPRISONMENT. FROM 1964 TO 1982, HE WAS INCARCERATED AT ROBBEN ISLAND PRISON, OFF CAPE TOWN; THEREAFTER, HE WAS AT POLLSMOOR PRISON, NEARBY ON THE MAINLAND.
  • 11. HIS RELEASED IN 1990 NELSON MANDELA WAS RELEASED ON FEBRUARY 11, 1990. AFTER HIS RELEASE, HE PLUNGED HIMSELF WHOLEHEARTEDLY INTO HIS LIFE'S WORK, STRIVING TO ATTAIN THE GOALS HE AND OTHERS HAD SET OUT ALMOST FOUR DECADES EARLIER AND THAT WAS TOO END APARTHEID AND DISCRIMINATION
  • 12. AT THE CONFERENCE OF ANC IN 1991, AT THE FIRST NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE ANC HELD INSIDE SOUTH AFRICA AFTER THE ORGANIZATION HAD BEEN BANNED IN 1960, MANDELA WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE ANC WHILE HIS LIFELONG FRIEND AND COLLEAGUE, OLIVER TAMBO, BECAME THE ORGANISATION'S NATIONAL CHAIRPERSON.
  • 13. YEAR 1993 HE WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE TOGETHER WITH FW DE KLERK, THEN PRESIDENT OF SOUTH AFRICA, IN 1993. THE FOLLOWING YEAR SOUTH AFRICA HELD ITS FIRST MULTI-RACIAL ELECTION AND MANDELA WAS ELECTED ITS FIRST BLACK PRESIDENT
  • 14. THE END OF TERM IN OFFICE: IN 1997 HE STEPPED DOWN AS ANC LEADER AND IN 1999 HIS PRESIDENCY OF SOUTH AFRICA CAME TO AN END. IN 2004, MANDELA ANNOUNCED HIS RETIREMENT FROM PUBLIC LIFE, ALTHOUGH HIS CHARITABLE WORK CONTINUED. ON 29 AUGUST 2007, A PERMANENT STATUE TO HIM WAS UNVEILED IN PARLIAMENT SQUARE, LONDON.