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Processing Of Social And Monetary Rewards In The Human Striatum

Anna Jo
Anna Jo

1) The study examined how the brain processes social and monetary rewards by conducting experiments where participants received positive or negative feedback about their reputation or monetary rewards. 2) The results found that both social and monetary rewards activated the striatum, a brain area involved in processing rewards. However, social rewards more strongly activated regions involved in mentalizing like the mPFC. 3) The findings suggest that a good reputation functions as a primary reward that is processed similarly to monetary rewards in the striatum, and gaining a positive reputation may motivate prosocial behaviors even without monetary incentives.

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Processing of Social and Monetary Rewards in the Human Striatum K.Izuma et al. 2008 Neuron Anna Jo March 16th, 2010
Acquisition of ones good reputation =? Monetary Reward Striatum: Reward-related Brain area Common Neural Currency 1) Both the anticipation and delivery of the reward (Schultz et al., 2000) 2) Increased activation in response not only to primary rewards such as liquid or food (McClure et al.,2003) and sexual stimuli (Arnow et al., 2002) but also to money, which is a secondary reward (Knutson et al., 2000) 3) To be modulated by the perception of the moral character (or reputation) of others (Delgado et al., 2005) 4) Developing the reputation of other players during an economic game (King-Casas et al., 2005)
How the brain processes Ones own positive reputation: Social exchange theory Good Reputation Direct reward Happiness Social Approval => A Hedonic => A Motivational component of component of Anticipated Reward Reward Liking Wanting reciprocity Monetary Reward Altruism and Expected gain in reputation and perception of influence on efficacy others By Thibaut & Kelley 1959
Experiment Paradigm for the Monetary Reward Experiment [ Experimental Design ] 1. Participants: 19 subjects (9 male) 2. Each block consisted of eight trials (24 s) 3. 20 blocks for each of the four conditions [HMR, LMR, NoMR, and fixation rest] 4. A total of four 8 min sessions
Experiment Paradigm for the Social Reward Experiment [ Experimental Design ] 1. A self-introduction phase + A social reward acquisition phase. 2. the same 19 subjects were presented with a picture of themselves and a word or phrase indicating the impression of them 3. 84 were selected for the fMRI experiment (42 items each for the HSR and LSR conditions)
Behavioral Results Monetary Reward Social Reward The mean reaction time : HSR conditions more 1) HMR condition (490 desirable than LSR ms) slower than NoMR conditions condition (448 ms), Happier in the HSR-Self 2) LMR condition (451 ms) condition than the LSR-Self did not differ significantly condition from the other two The mean reaction time: conditions. 1) NoSR condition (681 ms: the fastest) / LSR condition (1337 ms: the slowest) 2) Self condition (slower than for the Other condition-HSR)
Imaging Results Striatum Thalamus Cerebellum Monetary Reward vs. Social Reward the left caudate nucleus and putamen bilateral caudate bilateral nucleus putamen
Discussion 1. Uniquely activated by social rewards 2. Theory of mind (Gallagher and Frith, 2003), self- reflection (Johnson et al., 2002; Kelley et al., 2002), mPFC and reflected self-knowledge (Ochsner et al., 2005) 3. mPFC involvement in self-reflection in the context of attributions made by others
Discussion Ones own reputation OFC A good reputation = A primary reward Mid Monetary Striatum Why do people brain Reward sometimes engage in pro-social behaviors while giving up monetary benefits? Insula How and where the negative reward value of a bad reputation is represented remains to be explored.

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Processing Of Social And Monetary Rewards In The Human Striatum

  • 1. Processing of Social and Monetary Rewards in the Human Striatum K.Izuma et al. 2008 Neuron Anna Jo March 16th, 2010
  • 2. Acquisition of ones good reputation =? Monetary Reward Striatum: Reward-related Brain area Common Neural Currency 1) Both the anticipation and delivery of the reward (Schultz et al., 2000) 2) Increased activation in response not only to primary rewards such as liquid or food (McClure et al.,2003) and sexual stimuli (Arnow et al., 2002) but also to money, which is a secondary reward (Knutson et al., 2000) 3) To be modulated by the perception of the moral character (or reputation) of others (Delgado et al., 2005) 4) Developing the reputation of other players during an economic game (King-Casas et al., 2005)
  • 3. How the brain processes Ones own positive reputation: Social exchange theory Good Reputation Direct reward Happiness Social Approval => A Hedonic => A Motivational component of component of Anticipated Reward Reward Liking Wanting reciprocity Monetary Reward Altruism and Expected gain in reputation and perception of influence on efficacy others By Thibaut & Kelley 1959
  • 4. Experiment Paradigm for the Monetary Reward Experiment [ Experimental Design ] 1. Participants: 19 subjects (9 male) 2. Each block consisted of eight trials (24 s) 3. 20 blocks for each of the four conditions [HMR, LMR, NoMR, and fixation rest] 4. A total of four 8 min sessions
  • 5. Experiment Paradigm for the Social Reward Experiment [ Experimental Design ] 1. A self-introduction phase + A social reward acquisition phase. 2. the same 19 subjects were presented with a picture of themselves and a word or phrase indicating the impression of them 3. 84 were selected for the fMRI experiment (42 items each for the HSR and LSR conditions)
  • 6. Behavioral Results Monetary Reward Social Reward The mean reaction time : HSR conditions more 1) HMR condition (490 desirable than LSR ms) slower than NoMR conditions condition (448 ms), Happier in the HSR-Self 2) LMR condition (451 ms) condition than the LSR-Self did not differ significantly condition from the other two The mean reaction time: conditions. 1) NoSR condition (681 ms: the fastest) / LSR condition (1337 ms: the slowest) 2) Self condition (slower than for the Other condition-HSR)
  • 7. Imaging Results Striatum Thalamus Cerebellum Monetary Reward vs. Social Reward the left caudate nucleus and putamen bilateral caudate bilateral nucleus putamen
  • 8. Discussion 1. Uniquely activated by social rewards 2. Theory of mind (Gallagher and Frith, 2003), self- reflection (Johnson et al., 2002; Kelley et al., 2002), mPFC and reflected self-knowledge (Ochsner et al., 2005) 3. mPFC involvement in self-reflection in the context of attributions made by others
  • 9. Discussion Ones own reputation OFC A good reputation = A primary reward Mid Monetary Striatum Why do people brain Reward sometimes engage in pro-social behaviors while giving up monetary benefits? Insula How and where the negative reward value of a bad reputation is represented remains to be explored.