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PROJECT TIGER IS A WILDLIFE CONSERVATION MOVEMENT INITIATED IN
IN 1973 TO PROTECT .PROJECT TIGER: PROJECT TIGER, LAUNCHED IN
1973-74, IS ONE OF OUR MOST SUCCESSFUL CONSERVATION VENTURES IN THE
RECENT TIMES. THE PROJECT AIMS AT TIGER CONSERVATION IN SPECIALLY
CONSTITUTED 'TIGER RESERVES', WHICH ARE REPRESENTATIVE OF VARIOUS BIO-
GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS FALLING WITHIN INDIA. IT STRIVES TO MAINTAIN A
VIABLE TIGER POPULATION IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT.

• DURING THE TENURE OF LATE PRIME MINISTER, INDIRA GANDHI, AN
AMBITIOUS PROJECT TO PROTECT THE POPULATION OF TIGERS IN INDIA
WAS LAUNCHED.
• THE “PROJECT TIGER” WAS FORMED IN 1972 AND LAUNCHED ON 1ST
APRIL 1973 AT JIM CORBETT NATIONAL PARK AT UTTARANCHAL.
• PROJECT TIGER SCHEME HAS BEEN UNDER IMPLEMENTATION SINCE
1973 AS A CENTRALLY SPONSORED SCHEME OF GOVERNMENT OF
INDIA.

• THE PROJECT TIGER WAS ESTABLISHED WITH AN AIM TO PROVIDE
TIGERS SAFE HAVENS SO THAT THEY ARE NOT KILLED.
•
• THIS PROJECT ENABLED TIGERS TO FLOURISH AS A SPECIES.
• AT THE TIME OF THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
THIS PROJECT, THERE WERE ONLY NINE NATIONAL PARKS. GRADUALLY A
TOTAL OF 19 NATIONAL PARKS CAME UNDER THE PROJECT TIGER.

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
 Project Tiger was meant to identify the limiting
factors and to mitigate them by suitable
management.
 The damages done to the habitat were to be
rectified so as to facilitate the recovery of the
ecosystem to the maximum possible extent.
 . The project aims at tiger conservation in
specially constituted 'tiger reserves', falling in
regions within India
 It strives to maintain a viable tiger population in
the natural environment.

• To ensure maintenance of a viable
population of tigers in India for scientific,
economic, aesthetic, cultural and ecological
values.
• To preserve, for all times, areas of such
biological importance as a national heritage
for the benefit, education and enjoyment of
the people.

Early development:
With the co-operation of the Indian
Government, Project Tiger initially
established 9 reserves, across different
ecosystems. These were devoted
specifically to saving the tiger and
eliminating those factors which were
contributing to the decline of the tiger:

• The grazing of domestic cattle was halted,
as was the harvesting of forestry.
• Entire villages were moved from the lands
of their forefathers to areas where the
people would no longer conflict with the
wildlife.
• Most went with little complaint. Waiting for
them were new houses, more land, and
community facilities.

HABITATS BEING COVERED
THE POTENTIAL TIGER HABITATS BEING COVERED ARE:
SIVALIK–TERAI CONSERVATION UNIT (UTTARANCHAL, UTTAR PRADESH, BIHAR, WEST BENGAL),
AND IN NEPAL
NORTH EAST CONSERVATION UNIT
SUNDERBANS CONSERVATION UNIT
CENTRAL INDIAN CONSERVATION UNIT
EASTERN GHAT CONSERVATION UNIT
WESTERN GHAT CONSERVATION UNITS

• PROJECT TIGER IS ADMINISTERED BY THE NATIONAL TIGER CONSERVATION
AUTHORITY. THE OVERALL ADMINISTRATION OF THE PROJECT IS
MONITORED BY A STEERING COMMITTEE. A FIELD DIRECTOR IS APPOINTED
FOR EACH RESERVE, WHO IS ASSISTED BY THE FIELD AND TECHNICAL
PERSONNEL. AT THE CENTRE, A FULL-FLEDGED DIRECTOR OF THE PROJECT
COORDINATES THE WORK FOR THE COUNTRY.

Appointment of Independent Monitors
• IN ORDER TO HAVE INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF TIGER RESERVES,
PROJECT TIGER DIRECTORATE APPOINTED INDEPENDENT MONITORS IN
JULY 2004.
• EXPERTS WERE SELECTED FOR PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND, RELEVANT
EXPERIENCE, AND ABSENCE OF CONFLICTING INTERESTS IN TERMS OF
MEF GUIDELINES.
• SUPREME COURT HAS ENDORSED THE SELECTION OF EXPERTS.

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PercentofMaximumScore
Very good Score >135 (>75%) Maximum Score = 180
Good Score 108 – 134 (>60 - <75 %)
Satisfactory Score 72 – 107 (40 - <60 %)
Poor Score <72 (<40 %)

 Wildlife protection and crime risk management in the present scenario
requires a widely distributed Information Network, using state-of-the-
art information and communication technology. This becomes all the
more important to ensure the desired level of protection in field
formations to safeguard the impressive gains of a focused project like
'Project Tiger'. The important elements in wildlife protection and control
are: Mapping/Plot (graphics)plotting the relative spatial abundance of
wild animals, identification of risk factors, proximity to risk factors,
'sensitivity categorization', 'crime mapping' and immediate action for
apprehending the offenders based on effective networking and
communication.

‘ Tiger Atlas of India' and a 'Tiger Habitat and Population
Evaluation System' for the country is being developed using
state-of-the-art technology. This involves:
Mapping, data acquisition and GIS modeling
Field data collection and validation
Data Maintenance, dissemination and use

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Project tiger

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