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Psychology- Babyhood

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Babyhood spans from 2 weeks to 2 years of age. During this time, rapid physical and psychological development occurs. Babies grow in their motor skills like sitting, standing, and walking. They also develop cognitively by gaining object permanence and emotionally by displaying love, anger, and other emotions. Language development starts with crying and then progresses to babbling and first words. Moral and spiritual development involves recognizing familiar faces and expressing preferences. Babyhood establishes patterns that influence personal and social adjustments later in life.

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By: Nasreen Ali Childhood Period: Stage 2 Babyhood
Characteristics of Babyhood Babyhood continues from infancy to the second year (2 weeks to 2 years) Babyhood is the true foundation age. Many behavior patterns, attitudes and emotional expressions are established. It is a critical period in setting the pattern for personal and emotional adjustments. Babyhood is an age of rapid growth and development. They grow physically and psychologically Change in height and weight Can develop interests and attitudes Theres development of body control Sitting, standing, walking Increased Independence and Individuality Begins to do things itself. Rebellion against being treated as a baby. A protest comes in forms of angry outbursts and crying when independence is denied Period of creativity, sex role and socialization for adjustment in future life. The ability to recognize and respond to people and objects in the environment grows. The baby is able to understand many things and communicate its needs and wants.
Areas of Development Motor Development Cognitive Development Emotional Development Language Development Moral-Spiritual Development
Motor Development There are 2 directions of development: Cephalocaudal development Head to foot The head, neck, and upper parts start to develop before the legs. Proximodistal development Center to outlying parts From trunk or torso, then shoulders, hand and finally fingers.
1-2 months Tonic-neck reflexes predominates. The head is turned far to the side, can roll partly to side.
3 months Is able to turn to prone position.
4 months Turns from prone to supine position
5 months Turns back to supine from prone Rolls form stomach to stomach 6-7 months
8 months Can alternate from prone to sitting position and vice versa; can crawl
9 months Can pull themselves up by holding onto something.
10-11 months Sits with good control can pivot around can walk while holding someones hands.
12 months Walks even when only one hand is held. Can push a chair around, climb and get down from it. 15 months
18 months Runs but falls sometimes; can climb stairs by creeping. Can squat while playing; can climb up stairs by assuming an upright postion 21 months
24 months Can walk backwards and on toes. Can run without falling; can climb stairs with both feet on tread before stepping.
Cognitive Development In infancy, they dont understand that objects exist even when hidden from view. A thing only exists when they see or feel it. During the second year of life, a child acquires object permanence and start to search for objects in different places. Theyre more curious and if the new object they find is better than the previous one, it holds their attention.
Emotional Development Starts to show emotion Love, anger, fear, curiosity, joy, affection Learns love when theyre cradled in their mothers arms and when she sings them to sleep. If baby becomes separated from mother when they have a strong relationship, the child starts to display negative behaviors Crying, searching, aggressive and panic behavior, etc.
Language Development First language of a child is crying. Expresses hunger, pain, anger, fear, etc. Then cooing Yawning, guttural sounds , growls, etc. Then babbling da, na, ma Then syllable-word languages Usually the last syllable is said. Ma for mama, di for daddy, tay for tatay At around one year, they can say a word. Usually, mama.
Moral-Spiritual Development At birth, they cant recognize those around them. By 3 rd month, the baby starts to respond to voices. They express joy in the presence of others by kicking, smiling or crying. By 6 th month, they smile to familiar faces and show fear of strangers By 15 th month, shows interest in familiar people and wants to be with them. Likes to play with babies Takes things from them; and wont give it back. But as they grow older, they start to share and be nicer.
The End

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Psychology- Babyhood

  • 1. By: Nasreen Ali Childhood Period: Stage 2 Babyhood
  • 2. Characteristics of Babyhood Babyhood continues from infancy to the second year (2 weeks to 2 years) Babyhood is the true foundation age. Many behavior patterns, attitudes and emotional expressions are established. It is a critical period in setting the pattern for personal and emotional adjustments. Babyhood is an age of rapid growth and development. They grow physically and psychologically Change in height and weight Can develop interests and attitudes Theres development of body control Sitting, standing, walking Increased Independence and Individuality Begins to do things itself. Rebellion against being treated as a baby. A protest comes in forms of angry outbursts and crying when independence is denied Period of creativity, sex role and socialization for adjustment in future life. The ability to recognize and respond to people and objects in the environment grows. The baby is able to understand many things and communicate its needs and wants.
  • 3. Areas of Development Motor Development Cognitive Development Emotional Development Language Development Moral-Spiritual Development
  • 4. Motor Development There are 2 directions of development: Cephalocaudal development Head to foot The head, neck, and upper parts start to develop before the legs. Proximodistal development Center to outlying parts From trunk or torso, then shoulders, hand and finally fingers.
  • 5. 1-2 months Tonic-neck reflexes predominates. The head is turned far to the side, can roll partly to side.
  • 6. 3 months Is able to turn to prone position.
  • 7. 4 months Turns from prone to supine position
  • 8. 5 months Turns back to supine from prone Rolls form stomach to stomach 6-7 months
  • 9. 8 months Can alternate from prone to sitting position and vice versa; can crawl
  • 10. 9 months Can pull themselves up by holding onto something.
  • 11. 10-11 months Sits with good control can pivot around can walk while holding someones hands.
  • 12. 12 months Walks even when only one hand is held. Can push a chair around, climb and get down from it. 15 months
  • 13. 18 months Runs but falls sometimes; can climb stairs by creeping. Can squat while playing; can climb up stairs by assuming an upright postion 21 months
  • 14. 24 months Can walk backwards and on toes. Can run without falling; can climb stairs with both feet on tread before stepping.
  • 15. Cognitive Development In infancy, they dont understand that objects exist even when hidden from view. A thing only exists when they see or feel it. During the second year of life, a child acquires object permanence and start to search for objects in different places. Theyre more curious and if the new object they find is better than the previous one, it holds their attention.
  • 16. Emotional Development Starts to show emotion Love, anger, fear, curiosity, joy, affection Learns love when theyre cradled in their mothers arms and when she sings them to sleep. If baby becomes separated from mother when they have a strong relationship, the child starts to display negative behaviors Crying, searching, aggressive and panic behavior, etc.
  • 17. Language Development First language of a child is crying. Expresses hunger, pain, anger, fear, etc. Then cooing Yawning, guttural sounds , growls, etc. Then babbling da, na, ma Then syllable-word languages Usually the last syllable is said. Ma for mama, di for daddy, tay for tatay At around one year, they can say a word. Usually, mama.
  • 18. Moral-Spiritual Development At birth, they cant recognize those around them. By 3 rd month, the baby starts to respond to voices. They express joy in the presence of others by kicking, smiling or crying. By 6 th month, they smile to familiar faces and show fear of strangers By 15 th month, shows interest in familiar people and wants to be with them. Likes to play with babies Takes things from them; and wont give it back. But as they grow older, they start to share and be nicer.