The digital world requires constant attention as smartphone & co are our constant companions. We can work anywhere, but work, leisure and technology can hardly be separated. An economy that lives of our attention and the smartphone as the primary contact when standing upthe Internet has become indispensable in our daily lives. Some are nostalgic about pre-Internet life, but we shall embrace the new possibilities and challenges of this paradigm. In a few years time, our hand-held devices will be almost invisible and the visible technology will be personified and augmented. Virtual reality will have become part of our everyday lives, and big data and learning machines will be predicting the next trend before it even happens. With so much accelerated change, what does it even mean to be a human anymore? Technology shapes us as individuals and as a society. The last great paradigm-shift, the industrial revolution, forced people to rethink how entire societies could be organized; it raised ethical, economic and ecological opportunities and issues that continue to shape and affect us up to this day. Perhaps the digital revolution will provoke an even greater change in the way we view ourselves and our place in the world. How can make sure that technology is aligned with humanity's best interest?
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologist's Perspective @ QCon London
2. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
THE DIGITAL
REVOLUTION
3. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
A bumpy start
4. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Productivity
E鍖ciency
Accuracy
Speed
Performance
Satisfaction
Pleasure
Desire
THE BENEFITS
ARE OBVIOUS NOW
5. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
WE ARE ALL
CONNECTED
淡2h 51min per day,
every 7-15 min
94% of the 12-19 old have an smartphone that can connect to the internet
Source: KIM & JIM-Studies, 2015
Cross Platform Future in Focus Report, ComScore, 2017
6. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
WE ALL WANT TO UNPLUG,
BUT CANNOT.
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7. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
We all want to unplug. But cannot.
48% of the teens name distraction through their phone as risk (2nd Privacy: 43%)
55% of the teens and 66% of the adults are sometimes annoyed by their smartphone
86% of Americans say they have difficulty unplugging from at least one device
JIM-Studie, 2015; The Harris Poll, 2016; LfM/Knop et. al, 2016
8. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Where does this lead to?
Picture Source: unknown
9. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Information Abundance
+ Attention Economy
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Information Scarcity
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
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Phase 2: Control & Balance
Phase 1: Access
Democracy, Efficiency
What? When? How? Why?
11. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
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Phase 2: Control & Balance
Phase 1: Access
Democracy, Efficiency
What? When? How? Why?
Failed? Online hate,
fake-news and fascist
movements on the rise...
Mainly still about
more access + consumption,
persuasion & engagement!
UX > Additive Interfaces :-/
Failed? VW Emission
Scandal...
12. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
ITS NOT THE FIRST
REVOLUTION
15. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Washington Square Park, Joe Mabel CC BY-SA 3.0
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
WHY IS THE DIGITAL
FOR US A SPECIAL
CHALLENGE?
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Because were human
18. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
We love new information
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Were social
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
We dont have much self-control
Mischel, Ebbesen, & Zeiss, 1972;
Mischel & Metzner, 1962
21. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Effortless access - Self-control cost us energy the we lack elsewhere
Baumeister, Bratslavsky, Muraven, & Tice, 1998;
Overview: http://www.psych-it.com.au/Psychlopedia/article.asp?id=61
22. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
We create identities & enhance
23. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
We develop (strong) habits
Overview: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement#Intermittent_reinforcements
especially when conditioned with a variable-ratio schedule.
How often leads your notification to a jackpot?
24. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Neil Harbisson, cyborg activist and president of the Cyborg Foundation; October 2012; CC BY 2.0
H+ Magazine
Outdated behaviorist paradigm
CC BY Curimedia | P H O T O G R A P H Y
25. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
KPIs on engagement, active users and screen time
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
A B
Designed for engagement
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
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Designed for engagement & addictionDesigned for engagement and addiction?
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Algorithms that magnify
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Current tech is a very addictive mix - an unprecedented challenge
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
WE HUMANS HAVE
MORE NEEDS
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
<ALL SENSES>
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
<PRIVACY>
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
<SOLITUDE>
Conley, D. (2012); Akrivou, K., Bourantas, D., Mo, S., & Papalois, E. (2011)
34. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
<BOREDOM>
Conley, D. (2012); Akrivou, K., Bourantas, D., Mo, S., & Papalois, E. (2011)
35. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
<CONVERSATION>
Sherry Turkle, 2011 & 2015
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
One of many consequences
23 min 15 sec lost each time
were distracted + spillover effects
Marks, 2008
38. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
<UNPLUG, TO RECOVER>
Meijman & Mulder, 1998; Fritz, C. & Sonnentag, S., 2006
40. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
<OWN VALUES>
41. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Current tech is a very addictive mix - an unprecedented challenge
42. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
HOW WILL THE
FUTURE LOOK LIKE?
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43. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Well naturalize digital technology more and more
Koert van Mensvoort / nextnature.net
44. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Exponential growth is very hard to grasp
45. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Internet of Things
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Robots
Image: Robot & Frank, Samuel Goldwyn Films
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Raymond Kurzweil, Photo by Michael Lutch. Courtesy of Kurzweil Technologies, Inc.; CC BY 1.0
Artificial Intelligence / Singularity
48. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Neil Harbisson, cyborg activist and president of the Cyborg Foundation; October 2012; CC BY 2.0
H+ Magazine
Cyborgs & Transhumanism
49. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Neil Harbisson, cyborg activist and president of the Cyborg Foundation; October 2012; CC BY 2.0
H+ Magazine
Virtual Reality / Mixed Reality
Magic Leap; Forbes
50. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
WE WILL USE THIS TECHNOLOGY -
ITS THE NEW CRYSTAL METH
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
A BRIGHT FUTURE?
52. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
A Bright Future?
My iPhone has 2 million times the storage of the 1969 Apollo 11 spacecraft
computer. They went to the moon. I throw birds at pig houses. ~Bill Murray, 2013
Image Source: Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
54. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Automation Bias
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Automation Bias
56. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
WE NEED MORE.
57. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
ITS NOT YOUR FAULT THAT
TECHNOLOGY IS DISTRACTING,
BUT ITS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY TO
CHANGE SOMETHING
58. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
STRATEGY #1:
PEOPLE WHO SHARE A HEALTHY &
BALANCED DIGITAL LIFESTYLE
59. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
REDUCE DISTRACTIONS
USE SERVICES INTENTIONALLY
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Personal Strategies
TECH FREE SPACES
PROMOTE ANALOG
OWN REFLECTION
+ MINDFULNESS
PROMOTE FACE-TO-FACE
INVOLVE SURROUNDING
+ LEAD BY EXAMPLE
TECH FREE TIME USE ANALOG ALTERNATIVESUSE TECH THAT SUPPORTS TECH USE
ADJUST SETTINGS
60. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
STRATEGY #2:
'NEW' DESIGN & TECH PARADIGMS
61. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Free & Open-Source Software
source code made available with a
license in which the copyright holder
provides the rights to study, change, and
distribute the software to anyone and for
any purpose
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62. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Free & Open-Source Software
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63. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Liberation Technology - Liberationtech
[] seeks to understand how information
technology can be used to improve
governance, empower the poor, defend
human rights, promote economic
development, and pursue a variety of other
social goods.
any form of information and
communication technology (ICT) that can
expand political, social, and economic
freedom." Larry Diamond
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Liberation Technology - Liberationtech
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Asilomar AI Principles
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Xxx
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Positive Computing is the design and development
of technology to support psychological
well-being and human potential.
Rafael A. Calvo, Dorian Peters
Positive design initiatives deliberately intend to
increase peoples subjective well-being and,
hence, increase an enduring appreciation of
their lives.
Pieter M. A. Desmet and Anna E. Pohlmeyer
Positive Computing/Design
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Positive Computing/Design
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Note: Educating risk savviness still trumps nudging.
68. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Technology should be designed to be a tool and
operate in the background without taking a
toll on peoples attention. Technology should
require the smallest amount of our attention, it
should inform, and should be designed for
people first.
Mark Weiser, John Seeley Brown
Technology shouldn't require all
of our attention, just some of it,
and only when necessary.
Amber Case
Calm Technology/Computing
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Calm Technology/Computing
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70. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Design for Time Well Spent (Center for Humane Technology)
Technology that cares about helping us
spend our time, and our lives, well not
seducing us into the most screen time,
always-on interruptions or distractions.
Tristan Harris
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Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
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Harris (2016)
Design for Time Well Spent (Center for Humane Technology)
72. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Slow Design / Slow Media
Slow Design is a branch of the Slow
Movement, which began with the concept
of Slow Food, a term coined in contrast to
fast food. As with every branch of the Slow
Movement, the overarching goal of Slow
Design is to promote well being for
individuals, society, and the natural
environment.
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73. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Postdigital Postdigital is a term in the discourse of digital
artistic practice. This term points significantly to
our rapidly changed and changing relationships
with digital technologies and art forms. It points
to an attitude that is more concerned with
being human, than with being digital.
Ian Andrews, Kim Cascone
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James Bridle
Trevor Paglen
Simon Denny
!MEDIENGRUPPE BITNIK
74. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Postdigital
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James Bridle
Trevor Paglen
!MEDIENGRUPPE BITNIK
75. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Post-tech (or post-technology,
post-digital-technology) describes technology that
has as centre the human and supports directly
our focus and intend, well-being and
independence (from technology) instead of
exploiting us, increasing mere efficacy and time
spent with digital devices and technology only.
Alexander Steinhart/OFFTIME
Post-Tech
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76. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
Post-Tech
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+ make it an invisible habit to
take the medication yourself
+ enables you to be completely
without tech
+ learn in the end to find your
way around without using a tool
77. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
PRINCIPLE #1:
DON'T LET TECHNOLOGY DO
SOMETHING YOU WOULDN'T DO
YOURSELF
78. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
PRINCIPLE #2:
USE KPIs THAT DONT JUST
MAXIMIZE FOR ENGAGEMENT
& ONLINE TIME
- SEEK DEEP METRICS
79. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
PRINCIPLE #3:
LOOK AT
WHO GAINS AND WHO LOSSES
WHAT
80. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
PRINCIPLE #4:
RESPECT YOUR USER,
THEIR VALUES AND GOALS
(be transparent with yours)
81. Alexander Steinhart / @quanders
Ethical Tech - A Psychologists Perspective
PRINCIPLE #5:
INDIVIDUALS AND INTERACTIONS
OVER TOOLS, SOFTWARE AND
TECHNOLOGY.