Quantum Computing - Recent Developments (2019)
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The document discusses recent developments in quantum computing. It begins with key concepts like superposition and entanglement. Potential applications of quantum computing include cryptography, optimization problems, and artificial intelligence. Current quantum computing hardware providers are discussed, including D-Wave, IBM, Intel, and Google. Challenges to quantum computing like decoherence and error correction are also covered. The document concludes with potential future directions such as using liquid crystals, quantum dots, and diamonds in quantum computing.
Quantum Computing - Recent Developments (2019)
- 1. Quantum Computing Recent Developments Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 1 Vesselin G. Gueorguiev Ronin Institute & Institute for Advanced Physical Studies
- 2. Outline Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 2 Key Concepts in Quantum Computing Possible Applications of QC Present Status on QC Resources Recent Developments and Future Directions Conclusion Open Discussion
- 3. Key Concepts in Quantum Computing Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 3 LinkedIn 際際滷Share: 17 Nov 2014 Quantum Computing: Welcome to the Future by Vern Brownell CEO
- 4. Key Concepts in Quantum Computing 息 2014 D-Wave Systems Inc. All Rights Reserved 7 Quantum Tunneling Superposition Entanglement Key Quantum Effects Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 4 LinkedIn 際際滷Share: 17 Nov 2014 Quantum Computing: Welcome to the Future by Vern Brownell CEO Data Representation - Qubits A bit of data is represented by a single atom that is in one of two states denoted by |0> and |1>. A single bit of this form is known as a qubit. A physical implementation of a qubit could use the two energy levels of an atom. An excited state representing |1> and a ground state representing |0>. A single qubit can be forced into a superpositionof the two states denoted by the addition of the state vectors: | > = | 0> + 硫| 1> Where and 硫 are complex numbersand | | 族 + | 硫| 族 = 1 Schr旦dinger's cat 1 2 01 賊 10( ) 1 2 00 賊 11( )
- 5. Key Concepts in QC What special about Quantum computer Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 5 LinkedIn 際際滷Share: 29 Sep 2012 Topic: Quantum computer By Nisarg Y Bhagavantanavar The Q-bit represented as a Bloch sphere x2 + y2 =1 Generators of Rotations as quantum gates: Pauli-X gate Pauli-Y gate Pauli-Z gate
- 6. Key Concepts in QC 0 Quantum Gates-Hadamard Simplest gate involvesone qubit and iscalled a Hadamard Gate (also known asa square-root of NOTgate.) Used to put qubitsinto superposition. H H State |0> State |1>State |0> + State |1> Two Hadamard gates used in succession can be used as a NOT gate. Note: Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 6 LinkedIn 際際滷Share: 21 Apr 2014 Quantum Computing by Rohit Mishra & Ankit Agarwal 0 |0> |1>
- 7. Possible Applications of QC Quantum Communications Quantum Key Distribution (BB84 Bennett & Brassard 1984) Cryptography Prime Number Factorization (Peter Shor 1994) State Teleportation (Charles Bennett et al 1993) Artificial Intelligence Large Data processing (Lov Grover search 1997) Optimization problems Pattern Recognition Variety of Art form expressions Quantum Music Composer Wearable Gadgets ??? Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 7
- 8. Quantum Teleportation Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 8 https://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group.php?id=2862
- 9. Advantage of the Shors Algorithm Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 9 際際滷 by Meghaditya Roy Chaudhury on Quantum Computing at Jadavpur University See also R. J. Hughes, LA-UR-97-4986
- 10. Possible Applications of QC 息 2014 D-Wave Systems Inc. All Rights Reserved 12 What is the future of quantum computing? Health Finance Computing Space Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 10 LinkedIn 際際滷Share: 17 Nov 2014 Quantum Computing: Welcome to the Future by Vern Brownell CEO
- 11. Present Status on QC Resources Quantum Computing Hardware D-Wave (128/512) IBM (50) Intel (49) Google (72) Rigetti (19) AliBaba (11) Quantum Computing Software D-Wave IBM Q-Experience and QISKit Rigetti Forest Microsoft #Q, Google CirQ, QC Ware Applied Communication Sciences (ACS) Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 11 息 2014 D-Wave Systems Inc. All Rights Reserved 6 Exploits properties of quantum physics Builtaroundqubitsra ther th a n b i t s Qubits are 1 or 0 and both simultaneously Operates in an extreme environment: 150x colder than interstellar space Shielded to 50,000 lessthanEa r th s magnetic field Very low pressure: 10B times lower than atmospheric pressure What is a quantum computer?
- 12. D-Wave 2000-qubit processor Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 12
- 13. IBM 50-Qubit Processor Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 13
- 14. Tangle Lake, Intels 49-Qubit Processor Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 14 https://newsroom.intel.com/news/future-quantum-computing-counted-qubits/ 26 spin q-bits
- 15. Problems and Future Directions De-coherence Error Correction Output Measurement Finding the right problems for a quantum computer Cost Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 15
- 16. Recent Developments and Future Directions Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 16 D-Wave Previews Next-Generation Quantum Computing Platform (5000 qubits) Current Chimera topology: each qubit is connected to six other qubits. Pegasus topology: each qubit is connected to 15 other qubits!
- 17. Future Directions Are liquid-crystals part of the future QCs? Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 17 https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=liquid+crystal+displays&FORM=HDRSC2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display
- 18. Future Directions First 3D quantum liquid crystal! Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 18 https://www.rdmag.com/article/2017/04/quantum-liquid-crystals-could-speed-computers The electrons have different magnetic properties, depending on whether they flow forward or backward on a given axis! atomic lattice 3-D quantum liquid crystal
- 19. Future Directions What about the Quantum Dots? Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 19 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot Cadmium sulfide quantum dots lead sulfide (selenide) QDs can contain as few as 100 to 100,000 atoms diameter of 10 to 50 atoms (2 to 10 nanometers) nearly 3 million quantum dots could be lined up end to end and fit within the width of a human thumb.
- 20. Future Directions Quantum dots as liquid crystal dopants ! Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 20 J. Mater. Chem., 2012,22, 22350-22365 ; https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2012/jm/c2jm33274d#!divAbstract
- 21. Future Directions Are diamonds only for jewelry ? Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 21 https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-06/ynu-rti062519.php https://bigthink.com/robby-berman/the-future-internet-could-be-built-of-diamonds
- 22. Conclusion Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 22 https://www.explainingcomputers.com/quantum.html QC will be complementary to classical computing! It will be few more years until becoming of age! The QC territory is a wide-open field of opportunities: Hardware development Software development Future QC based services and applications You can pick your favorite now or explore multiple options!
- 23. Open Discussion Zen4Maker MeetUp at the Hacker Dojo, Santa Clara, CA /Sep. 06, 2019/ Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, PhD 23