Regeneration through elevation
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The document discusses modifying road bumps to have slopes on either side in order to help vehicles complete the slope on the other side using the speed produced. It presents a model of an inclined road with approaching and departing slopes that are 1 km and 50 cm respectively. Calculations show that a speed of 198.09 m/s can be produced with proportional measurements that can be proven through trigonometry, allowing vehicles to fully traverse the modified bump.
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2. It explains how to calculate the centerline length and actual length of long walls and short walls by adding or subtracting half the wall thickness at each end.
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The document discusses how to transfer a center line alignment from the surface into an underground tunnel. Key points:
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2) The plumb bobs are connected to wires that pass through grooved shafts to allow level movement.
3) Once level, a theodolite on the shaft floor is used to extend the line between the plumb bobs and transfer the center line alignment into the tunnel.Thumb rules for placing column layout
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This document provides three thumb rules for column placement in structures:
1. The minimum column size should not be less than 9"x9" for a single story structure, and 12"x9" for a 1.5 story structure, using appropriate concrete grades. Larger column sizes are needed for greater distances or heights.
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油
This document describes the center line method for calculating quantities of materials for load-bearing structures. It explains that the center line length of walls is first calculated by adding up the lengths between wall centers. For example, a wall layout with sections of 6.3m, 6.3m, 3.3m and 3.3m would have a total center line length of 19.2m. The document also notes that junctions or intersections require subtracting half the width of the material multiplied by the number of junctions from the total center line length. An example calculation for brick wall work is provided.S2 8 construction surveys
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This document discusses construction surveying techniques for setting out buildings, roads, pipelines and other structures based on site plans. It describes establishing horizontal and vertical control points, then setting secondary and detail points to mark locations of features. Batter boards are used to temporarily reference building corners by stretching string lines between boards. For pipelines, offset stakes and batter boards give line and grade, with the string line run directly over the pipe centerline. An example problem outlines field steps to lay out a sewer from a house to an existing manhole based on given flow line elevations and minimum slope requirements.Long wall and short wall method 3
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1. The document describes the long wall and short wall method for calculating quantities of building construction items like brickwork, plastering, and flooring.
2. It explains how to calculate the centerline length and actual length of long walls and short walls by adding or subtracting half the wall thickness at each end.
3. The lengths are then multiplied by the width and height/depth as needed to determine the quantities of different construction items like brickwork, plastering, and flooring for the building.LONG WALL AND SHORT WALL METHOD-6
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This document provides an example of calculating quantities of work using the long wall and short wall method. It includes calculating the center to center distances of long and short walls. It then calculates the quantities of excavation, PCC, UCR work with two different brick widths, brick work, and plastering work by determining the lengths of long and short walls based on center to center distances and wall widths. Quantities are provided in a measurement sheet for each work item.Chain surveying.1
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This document discusses the topic of chain surveying for a civil engineering class project. It provides definitions of chain surveying, noting that it involves measuring linear distances between survey stations to divide an area into triangles without taking angular measurements. It then outlines the key principles and terms of chain surveying, such as defining main stations, subsidiary stations, tie stations, main survey lines, base lines, check lines, and tie lines. Finally, it provides the basic procedures for conducting a chain survey between two stations.E.C.V detail estimate By centre line and Long wall short wall method
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This document provides step-by-step calculations to estimate quantities of construction materials for a two-room building using both the center line method and long wall short wall method. For the center line method, the total center line length is calculated and used to determine quantities of earthwork, lime concrete, brickwork, DPC, and superstructure brickwork. For the long wall short wall method, the long and short wall lengths are used along with area formulas to calculate the same material quantities. Deductions are also made for openings. The document demonstrates how to apply these estimation methods to solve a sample quantity take-off problem.Setting out of bridges unit 6
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Setting out of bridges involves determining the length and location of piers. The length of the centerline of long bridges is determined through triangulation by measuring angles and distances from endpoints. The locations of piers are found by computing angles and distances from the centerline endpoints and base lines perpendicular to the centerline on each bank. Piers can be located by sighting intersections from base lines or measuring pier distances marked on plans from base lines setup on both banks.Setting out construction works 01
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油
The document discusses the process of setting out in construction, emphasizing its importance for accurate building and the need for competent personnel to minimize costly errors. It details precautions to take during setting out and outlines methods for locating bridge piers, including various survey techniques. The content serves as a guide for civil engineering students and professionals involved in construction work, particularly in bridge surveying.SHEET METAL WORKS.pptx
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1. The document discusses various sheet metal edges, seams, and pattern development methods. Common edges include single hem, double hem, and wire edge. Common seams include lap seams, grooved seams, dovetail seams, and pittsburg lock seams. Pattern development methods include the parallel line method, triangulation method, and radial line method.
2. The document also provides a table with US standard sheet metal gauges showing approximate thickness and weight for various gauges ranging from 11 to 30.
3. An example is given for developing patterns for a right angle branch using the parallel line method of development. Key steps include dividing pipe circumferences into equal parts and transferring division points toPgche centreline presentation
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油
The document provides steps to calculate the centerline length of a brick wall for quantity take-off purposes. It explains that the centerline length is needed rather than the external perimeter to accurately measure quantities. It describes subtracting half the wall width from each corner to calculate the centerline from the external perimeter. Alternatively, it shows adding half the wall width to each corner when calculating the centerline from the internal perimeter. The area of the brickwork can then be found by multiplying the centerline length by the wall height.Construction Survey
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This document discusses setting out, which refers to positioning proposed construction works on the ground and controlling their dimensions during construction. It outlines several types of setting out, including points, angles, lines, and circular arches. The objectives of setting out are to ensure structures are the correct size, location, and height. It is important to perform setting out before other construction stages to avoid costly rework. Common equipment for setting out includes tapes, tripods, prisms, levels, total stations, and compasses. The document provides an example of using this equipment to perform rectangular setting out from station points and recording bearings between stations. Accuracy is important for new structures.Viewers also liked (19)
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This document provides a portfolio summary of Catanzaro's architectural projects and studies. It includes:
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2) A train station design in Philadelphia as part of a neighborhood revitalization project.
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4) A competition entry for an industrial art museum reusing a former prison in Norristown, PA.Energy crisis
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The document discusses the global energy crisis and its impact on Pakistan. It notes that fossil fuel demand has risen steadily since the industrial revolution, but supplies are limited and countries are competing for remaining resources. Pakistan faces regular electricity shortages as consumption grows faster than production. Recommendations include developing renewable energy sources like solar, wind and hydropower, as well as improving infrastructure and management of the energy sector. The summary emphasizes that sustainable energy solutions are needed to ensure future generations have access to power.New Horizons
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丶亳从仍 仄舒亠从亳 "仂仄仗亠亠仆亳亳 仗仂亠亳仂仆舒仍仆仂亞仂 从仂舒 ICF" 9 亠仆磡 仗仂 25 仆仂磡 2013亞. 于 仂从于亠 仂仆仂 仗仂 仗仂仆亠亟亠仍仆亳从舒仄 19:00 亟仂 22:00. 仂亟从仍ﾑ舒亶亠 从 亳仆亠仆亠-舒仆仍亳亳!丐亠从舒 于亠亳 仂亠亳仂仆舒仍仆仂亞仂 舒仆亟舒舒 仂, 26 亳ﾐ術 2013亞.
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El documento resume el arte del Renacimiento italiano entre finales del siglo XIV y mediados del siglo XVI, destacando los principales arquitectos, escultores y pintores del Quattrocento y Cinquecento en Italia, as鱈 como la llegada del Renacimiento a Espa単a con sus estilos arquitect坦nicos como el Plateresco y el desarrollo de la escultura y pintura.Ad
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Submitted Date: April 2, 2025
Paper Name: The American Literature
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[Please copy the link and paste it into any web browser to access the content.]
Video Link: https://youtu.be/HXeq6utg7iQ
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Shop, Upcoming: Final Notes to Review as we Close Level One. Make sure to review the orientation and videos as well. Theres more to come and material to cover in Levels 2-3. The content will be a combination of Reiki and Yoga. Also energy topics of our spiritual collective.
Thanks again all future Practitioner Level Students. Our Levels so far are: Guest, Grad, and Practitioner. We have had over 5k Spring Views.
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This is complete for June 17th. For the weekend of Summer Solstice
June 20th-22nd.
6/17/25: My now Grads, Youre doing well. I applaud your efforts to continue. We all are shifting to new paradigm realities. Its rough, theres good and bad days/weeks. However, Reiki with Yoga assistance, does work.
6/18/25: "For those planning the Training Program Do Welcome. Happy Summer 2k25. You are not ignored and much appreciated. Our updates are ongoing and weekly since Spring. I Hope you Enjoy the Practitioner Grad Level. There's more to come. We will also be wrapping up Level One. So I can work on Levels 2 topics. Please see documents for any news updates. Also visit our websites. Every decade I release a Campus eMap. I will work on that for summer 25. We have 2 old libraries online thats open. https://ldmchapels.weebly.com "
Our Monthly Class Roster is 7,141 for 6/21.
ALL students get privacy naturally. Thx Everyone.
As a Guest Student,
You are now upgraded to Grad Level.
See Uploads for Student Checkins & S9. Thx.
Happy Summer 25.
These are also timeless.
Thank you for attending our workshops.
If you are new, do welcome.
For visual/Video style learning see our practitioner student status.
This is listed under our new training program. Updates ongoing levels 1-3 this summer. We just started Session 1 for level 1.
These are optional programs. I also would like to redo our library ebooks about Hatha and Money Yoga. THe Money Yoga was very much energy healing without the Reiki Method. An updated ebook/course will be done this year. These Projects are for *all fans, followers, teams, and Readers. TY for being presenting.Ad
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