The document discusses relations and functions. It defines a relation as a set of ordered pairs and describes three ways to represent relations: using a table of values, a mapping diagram, or a graph. A relation is a function if each element of the domain is mapped to exactly one element of the range. The document provides examples of functions and relations that are not functions, using sets of ordered pairs and applying the vertical line test to graphs. It aims to illustrate and verify the properties of functions and determine whether a given relation is a function.