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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (2).pdf

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KIRAN INAM KMU-IPMS Peshawar Pakistan

This document describes the female reproductive system. It discusses the primary sex organs which include the ovaries and fallopian tubes. The ovaries produce eggs and release hormones, while the fallopian tubes receive eggs and are where fertilization usually occurs. It also describes the accessory sex organs such as the uterus, cervix, and vagina. The uterus nourishes a fertilized egg, while the cervix connects the uterus to the vagina, which acts as the birth canal. The document provides detailed information on the structure and function of each organ within the female reproductive system.

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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (2) KIRAN INAM MS SCHOLAR BS RENAL DIALYSIS TECHNOLOGY IPMS-KMU PESHAWAR
LEARNING OUTCOMES 則Describe the female reproductive organs 則Explain the egg formation and ovulation
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 則The reproductive role of the female is far more complex than that of a male. not only must she produce gametes, but her body must prepare to nurture a developing embryo for a period of approximately nine months.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (2).pdf
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS Female reproductive system or genital tract consists of 則a pair of ovaries 則Oviducts or fallopian tubes 則Uterus 則Cervix 則Vagina
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 則Primary sex organs 則Accessory sex organs
PRIMARY SEX ORGANS 則Pair of ovaries which produce eggs or ova and secrete female sex hormones, the estrogen and progesterone
ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS EXTERNAL GENITALS 則Vulva( outer part of female genitals) 則Labia major 則Labia minor 則Mons pubis 則Clitoris INTERNAL GENITALS 則Vagina 則Cervix 則Uterus 則Fallopian tubes 則Ovaries
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF PRIMARY SEX ORGANS OVARIES 則Ovaries are female gonads which produce ova and release hormones. 則The ovaries are almond shaped, measure about 3-5 cm long. 則Within ovary are many tiny saclike structures called ovarian follicles, each ovarian follicles consist of an immature egg, called an oocyte. 則Each month in adult women, one of the ripening follicles ejects its oocyte from the ovary. this event is called ovulation. 則The ruptured follicle is converted into glandular structure called corpus luteum.
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF PRIMARY SEX ORGANS OVAIAN HORMONES In a non pregnant women, estrogen is secreted in large quantity by ovarian follicles. Major function of estrogen is to promote growth in the sexual organs. In childhood the estrogen is secreted in small quantity. During puberty, the secretion increases sharply, resulting in changes in the sexual organs. Progesterone is concerned mainly with the preparation of uterus for pregnancy and the breasts for lactation
DUCT SYSTEM OR ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS 則Fallopian tubes or oviducts 則Uterus 則Cervix 則Vagina
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS FALLOPIAN TUBES: Also called oviducts form the initial part of the female duct system. They receive the ovulated oocyte and are the site where fertilization generally occurs. Each fallopian tube is about 10cm long and extend from the region of an ovary to empty into the uterus
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Also known as womb. Lies in the pelvic cavity, in between the rectum and urinary bladder. Shape is like inverted pear. It is a hollow thick walled muscular organ that functions to receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum.
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Divisions of uterus: 1. Fundus (above the entrance points of fallopian tubes) 2. Body (between fundus and isthmus) 3. Cervix (below isthmus)
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Structure of uterus: 1. Perimetrium- outermost thin covering layer of uterus. 2. Myometrium- middle thick muscular layer composed of bundles of smooth muscles, that contract rhythmically during childbirth to expel the baby from the mother body. 3. Endometrium- innermost spongy lining of the uterine cavity. If fertilization occurs, the young embryo takes root into the endometrium and resides there for the rest of its development.
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Changes in uterus: Just before mensturation, uterus is enlarged, becomes more vascular. During mensturation, this endometrium layer desquamated. After mensturation, this layer reformed. During pregnancy, uterus is enlarged very much.
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS CERVIX It is the lower constricted part of the uterus. It is normally blocked by a plug of mucus. It is divided into two portions: 1. Upper supravaginal portion 2. Lower vaginal portion
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UPPER SUPRA VAGINAL PORTION Which communicates with body of uterus through internal orifice of cervix. LOWER VAGINAL PORTION Which communicate with vagina through external orifice of cervix.
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS VAGINA It is a short tubular organ. It is a thin walled 8-10cm long tube extends from cervix to the body exterior. It is often called birth canal as it provide a passageway for delivery of an infant and for menstrual flow.
SEXUAL LIFE IN FEMALES 1ST PERIOD Extends from birth to puberty. during this period the accessory and primary sex organs do not function. puberty occurs at the age of 12 to 15 years. 2ND PERIOD Extends from onset of puberty to the onset of menopause. 3RD PERIOD Extends after menopause to the rest of life.
OOGENESIS The process of egg formation in females is called oogenesis.
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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (2).pdf

  • 1. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (2) KIRAN INAM MS SCHOLAR BS RENAL DIALYSIS TECHNOLOGY IPMS-KMU PESHAWAR
  • 2. LEARNING OUTCOMES 則Describe the female reproductive organs 則Explain the egg formation and ovulation
  • 3. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 則The reproductive role of the female is far more complex than that of a male. not only must she produce gametes, but her body must prepare to nurture a developing embryo for a period of approximately nine months.
  • 5. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS Female reproductive system or genital tract consists of 則a pair of ovaries 則Oviducts or fallopian tubes 則Uterus 則Cervix 則Vagina
  • 6. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 則Primary sex organs 則Accessory sex organs
  • 7. PRIMARY SEX ORGANS 則Pair of ovaries which produce eggs or ova and secrete female sex hormones, the estrogen and progesterone
  • 8. ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS EXTERNAL GENITALS 則Vulva( outer part of female genitals) 則Labia major 則Labia minor 則Mons pubis 則Clitoris INTERNAL GENITALS 則Vagina 則Cervix 則Uterus 則Fallopian tubes 則Ovaries
  • 9. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF PRIMARY SEX ORGANS OVARIES 則Ovaries are female gonads which produce ova and release hormones. 則The ovaries are almond shaped, measure about 3-5 cm long. 則Within ovary are many tiny saclike structures called ovarian follicles, each ovarian follicles consist of an immature egg, called an oocyte. 則Each month in adult women, one of the ripening follicles ejects its oocyte from the ovary. this event is called ovulation. 則The ruptured follicle is converted into glandular structure called corpus luteum.
  • 10. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF PRIMARY SEX ORGANS OVAIAN HORMONES In a non pregnant women, estrogen is secreted in large quantity by ovarian follicles. Major function of estrogen is to promote growth in the sexual organs. In childhood the estrogen is secreted in small quantity. During puberty, the secretion increases sharply, resulting in changes in the sexual organs. Progesterone is concerned mainly with the preparation of uterus for pregnancy and the breasts for lactation
  • 11. DUCT SYSTEM OR ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS 則Fallopian tubes or oviducts 則Uterus 則Cervix 則Vagina
  • 12. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS FALLOPIAN TUBES: Also called oviducts form the initial part of the female duct system. They receive the ovulated oocyte and are the site where fertilization generally occurs. Each fallopian tube is about 10cm long and extend from the region of an ovary to empty into the uterus
  • 13. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Also known as womb. Lies in the pelvic cavity, in between the rectum and urinary bladder. Shape is like inverted pear. It is a hollow thick walled muscular organ that functions to receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum.
  • 14. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Divisions of uterus: 1. Fundus (above the entrance points of fallopian tubes) 2. Body (between fundus and isthmus) 3. Cervix (below isthmus)
  • 15. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Structure of uterus: 1. Perimetrium- outermost thin covering layer of uterus. 2. Myometrium- middle thick muscular layer composed of bundles of smooth muscles, that contract rhythmically during childbirth to expel the baby from the mother body. 3. Endometrium- innermost spongy lining of the uterine cavity. If fertilization occurs, the young embryo takes root into the endometrium and resides there for the rest of its development.
  • 16. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UTERUS: Changes in uterus: Just before mensturation, uterus is enlarged, becomes more vascular. During mensturation, this endometrium layer desquamated. After mensturation, this layer reformed. During pregnancy, uterus is enlarged very much.
  • 17. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS CERVIX It is the lower constricted part of the uterus. It is normally blocked by a plug of mucus. It is divided into two portions: 1. Upper supravaginal portion 2. Lower vaginal portion
  • 18. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS UPPER SUPRA VAGINAL PORTION Which communicates with body of uterus through internal orifice of cervix. LOWER VAGINAL PORTION Which communicate with vagina through external orifice of cervix.
  • 19. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF ACCESSORY SEX ORGANS VAGINA It is a short tubular organ. It is a thin walled 8-10cm long tube extends from cervix to the body exterior. It is often called birth canal as it provide a passageway for delivery of an infant and for menstrual flow.
  • 20. SEXUAL LIFE IN FEMALES 1ST PERIOD Extends from birth to puberty. during this period the accessory and primary sex organs do not function. puberty occurs at the age of 12 to 15 years. 2ND PERIOD Extends from onset of puberty to the onset of menopause. 3RD PERIOD Extends after menopause to the rest of life.
  • 21. OOGENESIS The process of egg formation in females is called oogenesis.