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Research Operational definition and scales.pptx
- 1. Operational definition • Operational definitions in management specify the exact procedures or criteria used to measure or assess concepts or variables. • They are crucial for ensuring clarity and consistency in managing processes and evaluating performance
- 2. Examples Employee Productivity: • Operational Definition: Employee productivity is measured as the number of units produced or tasks completed per hour of work. For example, if an employee completes 50 reports in an 8-hour workday, their productivity is 6.25 reports per hour.
- 3. Example 1 Customer Satisfaction: • Operational Definition: Customer satisfaction is measured using a survey with a 1-5 rating scale, where 1 represents "very dissatisfied" and 5 represents "very satisfied." The average score from these surveys over a quarter determines the overall customer satisfaction rating.
- 4. Example 2 Project Completion Time: • Operational Definition: Project completion time is the total number of calendar days from the project start date to the final approval date. For example, if a project starts on January 1 and is approved on February 15, the completion time is 45 days.
- 5. Example 3 Employee Turnover Rate: • Operational Definition: Employee turnover rate is calculated by dividing the number of employees who leave the company (voluntarily or involuntarily) during a year by the average number of employees during that year, then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage. For example, if 10 employees leave out of an average of 100 employees, the turnover rate is 10%.
- 6. Example 4 Employee Engagement: • Operational Definition: Employee engagement is measured through a survey with questions about employees’ emotional commitment to their work and the organization, such as their willingness to put in extra effort, their connection to company values, and their intention to stay with the company. The engagement score is the average of responses on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) on statements related to engagement.
- 7. OD • Operational definitions are crucial because they ensure that everyone understands and uses terms in the same way, which helps maintain clarity and consistency in management related processes and applications.
- 8. • Reliability ensures consistency and repeatability of results. • Validity ensures accuracy and relevance of the measurement.