Respiratory System and Gaseous Exchange.pdf
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Cellular respiration requires oxygen to produce energy from glucose and produces carbon dioxide as a byproduct, so gaseous exchange is necessary to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body. Breathing involves three steps - ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration - to take in oxygen through inspiration and expiration and exchange gases between the air, blood, and tissue cells to supply cells with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. The human respiratory system includes the nose, air passages like the pharynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles, and lungs containing alveoli to facilitate this gas exchange through breathing.
Respiratory System and Gaseous Exchange.pdf
- 1. Respiratory System and Gaseous Exchange
- 2. CELLULAR RESPIRATION ?Process whereby organisms uses oxygen & food ¨¤ produce energy (ATP) & 2 by products e.g. water & carbon dioxide ? ?Glucose + O 2 ATP + H 2 O + CO 2 Therefore gaseous exchange is necessary to get oxygen for cellular respiration & remove CO 2 from body
- 3. Breathing ?Sequence of events that results in gas exchange (O2 & CO2 ). ?In terrestrial vertebrates it includes 3 steps: 1. Ventilation: Inspiration (O2 ) & expiration (CO2 ). 2. External respiration: Gas exchange between air (in lungs) & blood. Blood then transport Oxygen to the body tissue cells.
- 4. Continue 3. Internal respiration: Gas exchange between blood & tissue fluid (cells). Blood then transports carbon dioxide to the lungs.
- 5. HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ¡ñ Nose ¡ñ Air passages: ¡ñ Pharynx (throat) ¡ñ Trachea ¡ñ Bronchus ¡ñ Bronchioles ¡ñ Lungs ¨C Alveoli