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review of types of chem reactions. ppt
- 1. Types of Chemical Reactions Predicting Products from the Reactants
- 2. Types of Reactions 1. Synthesis reactions 2. Decomposition reactions 3. Single displacement reactions 4. Double displacement reactions 5. Combustion reactions You need to be able to identify each
- 3. 1. Synthesis Example C + O2 O O C + O O C Synthesis: A + B AB
- 4. Criss Cross the Charges to Balance Mg + N ? Mg = +2 N = -3 +2 -3 Mg + N Synthesis: A + B = AB Mg3N2
- 6. Practice Predict the products: Na(s) + Cl2(g) Mg(s) + F2(g) Al(s) + F2(g) NaCl(s) MgF2(s) AlF3(s) 2 2 3 2 Now, balance them. (Criss-Cross!) 2
- 7. But WAIT! What Does the (s) and (aq) and (g) Mean??? (s) in a chemical equation signifies a SOLID (g) in a chemical equation is a GAS (aq) means aqueous (LIQUID) Why do you need to note that? Because sometimes a phase can change in a reaction!
- 8. 2. Decomposition Example: NaCl General: AB A + B Cl Na Cl + Na Compound = Element + Element
- 10. 3. Single Displacement Example: Zn + CuCl2 Zn Cl Cl Cu + General: AB + C AC + B Cl Cl Zn Cu + Zn was oxidized Went from neutral (0) to (+2) Cu was reduced Went from (+2) to Neutral (0) Compound + Element = New Compound + New Element
- 11. But WAIT! What do oxidized and reduced Mean? Remember? LEO the lion says GER Lose electrons = oxidation = LEO Gain electrons = reduction = GER Metals LOSE electrons Non-metals GAIN electrons
- 12. Ex. Single Replacement Reaction
- 13. Single Replacement Reactions Write and balance the following single replacement reaction equations: Zn(s) + HCl(aq) 2 NaCl(s) + F2(g) Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq) 2 2 Cu(s)+ Al(NO3)3(aq) 3 2 3 2 ZnCl2 + H2(g) NaF(s) + Cl2(g)
- 14. 4. Double Displacement Example: MgO + CaS General: AB + CD AD + CB S O Mg Ca + O S Mg Ca +
- 15. Double Replacement Reactions Think about it like foiling in algebra, first and outer ions go together + inside ions go together Example: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) Another example: K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s) 2
- 16. Practice Predict the products: 1. HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) 2. CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) 3. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq) 4. FeCl3(aq) + NaOH(aq) 5. H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) 6. KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq)
- 17. 5. Combustion Reactions Combustion reactions when a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas This is also called BURNING! In order to burn something you need the 3 things in the fire triangle: 1) Fuel (hydrocarbon) 2) Oxygen 3) Something to ignite the reaction (spark)
- 18. Combustion Reactions In general: CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O Products are ALWAYS CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER! Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is a hydrocarbon: C8H18 )
- 19. Mixed Practice State the type of reaction & predict the products (try to balance the equation!) 1. BaCl2 + H2SO4 2. C6H12 + O2 3. Zn + CuSO4 4. Cs + Br2 5. FeCO3