RF circuit design using ADS

Mar 1, 201026 likes10,861 views

This document summarizes Ankit Master's final presentation on microwave components. It describes several types of couplers - branchline, Wilkinson, modified Wilkinson, and ratrace couplers. It also discusses the design and measurement results of a gain block, low noise amplifier, and oscillator. Measurements of the S-parameters and other specifications are provided to analyze the performance of each circuit.

Final Presentation

Ankit Master
Spring 2009

 Couplers/Dividers
 Branch Line Coupler
 Wilkinson Coupler
 Modified Wilkinson Coupler
 Ratrace Coupler
 Gain Block
 Low Noise Amplifier
 Oscillator

- Branchline couplers are 3 dB
directional couplers
- The power fed at the input
port is divided equally
between the two output ports.
- However, there is a 90-degree
phase difference in the output
of the two ports

S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -30.03 -14.55
S12 -2.97 -2.97
S21 -2.97 -3.02
S22 -30.03 -15.16
S13 -3.05 -4.06
S31 -3.05 -4.15

Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: 89.890
MEASURED: 91.000

S11 S12

S21 S22
Branch line Coupler: Magnitude plots

S13 Branch line Coupler: Magnitude plots S31

S12 – S13
Branch line Coupler: Phase plot

- It is a n-port network
commonly used for
combining and splitting
power.
- This circuit achieves
isolation at the output
ports while maintaining
matched condition on all
ports.

S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -20.01 -25.56
S12 -3.05 -3.10
S21 -3.05 -3.53
S22 -26.26 -11.08
S13 -3.05 -2.98
S31 -3.05 -3.33

Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: 0.000
MEASURED: -1.480

S11 S12

S21 S22
Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots

S13 Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots S31

S12 – S13
Wilkinson Coupler: Phase plot

S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -38.28 -14.08
S12 -3.01 -3.36
S21 -3.01 -3.51
S22 -41.85 -12.21
S13 -3.01 -3.23
S31 -3.01 -3.33

Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: 0.000
MEASURED: 0.8750

S11 S12

S21 S22
Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots

S13 Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots S31

S12 – S13
Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Phase plot

-This is a hybrid coupler
- Like the Quadrature
hybrid, the ratrace coupler
is a 3-dB directional
coupler
-180-degree phase
difference between output
ports

S- parameters Magnitude (dB)
(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -39.21 -12.19
S12 -3.00 -3.57
S21 -3.00 -3.64
S22 -39. 22 -13.11
S13 -39.58 -40.36
S31 -39.58 -40.45
S14 -3.01 -3.20
S41 -3.01 -3.34

S11 S12

S21 S22
Rat Race Coupler: Magnitude plots

S13 S31

S14 S41
Rat Race Coupler: Magnitude plots

S12-S13 S12-S14
Rat Race Coupler: Phase plot

Phase Difference between outputs obtained at ports 2 and 3:
SIMULATED: - 0.180
MEASURED: -36.380

Phase Difference between outputs obtained at ports 2 and 4:
SIMULATED: - 178.800
MEASURED: - 172.810

-Active circuit which uses transistors to amplify the wea
input signal
-Device used: 2SEC5009

S- parameters Magnitude (dB)

(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured
S11 -18.999 -24.398
S21 6.354 3.893
S22 -19.00 -13.428
StabFact 1.004 -

-Low Noise amplifier is necessary at the input of a receiver
to amplify the weak received signal with minimium
amplification of noise
-Device used: AT32011

Layout of the LNA in ADS

Actual fabricated circuit

S- parameters Magnitude (dB)

(@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured

S11 -10.475 -6.031

S12 -16.603 -17.940

S21 12.042 10.022

S22 -57.434 -54.278

StabFact 1.065 -

NF min 1.961 -

nf(2) 2.069 -

Max Gain 12.762 -

-A local oscillator is used to combine the baseband signal
with a high frequency RF signal during modulation
- Device used: ATF33143

Layout in ADS

Actual fabricated circuit
(Apologies for the poor image quality)

Harmo simulated measured
nic
index
HB.freq HB.vout HB.freq HB.vout
(GHz) (dBm) (GHz) (dBm)

1 2.381 20.480 2.5975 10.02

2 4.761 -13.560 5.2075 -10.23

3 7.142 -3.331 7.7950 -21.43

S11 @ 4.751 - - -
2.35 dB
GHz

- ADS is a very useful and powerful tool for building
circuits
- Reducing the number of parameters during
optimization improves the chances of reaching the
desired goal efficiently
- Selection of a proper device is essential during the
initial stages of the design to avoid complications in the
latter stages of the project
- Tuning is not as convenient as optimization

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3 p8 1522University of Technology

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This document summarizes the performance evaluation of a three-element rectangular patch antenna array conformed on small radius cylindrical surfaces. Simulations were conducted for antenna arrays placed on cylinders with radii of 0.24λ and 0.32λ. The coupling between antenna elements was higher (~-1 dB) for the smaller 0.24λ radius cylinder compared to the 0.32λ radius cylinder which had coupling less than -18 dB. The cylindrical geometry affected the radiation patterns, making them more dependent on cylinder radius in the elevation plane but less so in the azimuth plane. The proposed antenna array maintained acceptable omnidirectional radiation patterns needed for wireless applications.

171220027 Kaushal Verma.pdfsaiusa5444

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Delta-sigma modulation is a technique used in analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs) to convert signals. It works by transmitting only the changes between samples rather than the actual samples. For ADCs, oversampling reduces noise and noise shaping pushes it outside the bandwidth of interest. Simulink was used to model a second-order sigma-delta ADC, showing the input signal, output, and how power spectral density varies with frequency and oversampling ratio. The results demonstrate that higher oversampling ratios improve signal-to-noise ratio and power spectral density as predicted by theory.

Design of Low Noise Amplifier for Wimax ApplicationIOSR Journals

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The document describes the design of a low noise amplifier (LNA) for WiMAX applications operating in the 3.3-3.8 GHz range. It discusses testing the transistor to check for stability and gain. Input and output matching is performed using stub matching networks to achieve low noise figure and high gain. A passive biasing circuit is designed using resistors and capacitors. Two LNA techniques, feedback amplifier and balanced amplifier, are simulated to find the best performance; the feedback amplifier provides a nominal noise figure of 1.02 dB and gain of 12 dB.

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Microwave engineering involves the design of communication and navigation systems that operate in the microwave frequency range. Key topics in microwave engineering include microwave networks, scattering parameters, power dividers, couplers, filters, and amplifiers. Microwave systems have applications in areas like microwave ovens, radar, satellite communications, and personal communication systems.

PARASITIC-AWARE FULL PHYSICAL CHIP DESIGN OF LNA RFIC AT 2.45GHZ USING IBM 13...Ilango Jeyasubramanian

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This document summarizes the design of a low noise amplifier (LNA) operating at 2.45GHz. The LNA uses a cascode topology with inductive source degeneration implemented in a 120nm CMOS process. Simulation results show the LNA meets specifications for gain, return loss, output match, noise figure, and linearity over 2.4-2.5GHz. Variability analysis demonstrates performance remains within specifications with +/-10% parameter variations. The compact layout achieves good matching through careful device placement and use of appropriate passive components to minimize parasitics.

Ultra-low power 0.45 mW 2.4 GHz CMOS low noise amplifier for wireless sensor ...journalBEEI

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This paper describes the design topology of a ultra-low power low noise amplifier (LNA) for wireless sensor network (WSN) application. The proposed design of ultra-low power 2.4 GHz CMOS LNA is implemented using 0.13-μm Silterra technology. The LNA benefits of low power from forward body bias technique for first and second stages. Two stages are implemented in order to enhance the gain while obtaining low power consumption for overall circuit. The simulation results show that the total power consumed is only 0.45 mW at low supply voltage of 0.55 V. The power consumption is decreased about 36% as compared with the previous work. A gain of 15.1 dB, noise figure (NF) of 5.9 dB and input third order intercept point (IIP3) of -2 dBm are achieved. The input return loss (S11) and the output return loss (S22) is -17.6 dB and -12.3 dB, respectively. Meanwhile, the calculated figure of merit (FOM) is 7.19 mW-1.

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A narrow-band LNA was designed and simulated. The design approach selected an appropriate quality factor Qin and device dimensions to meet the specified noise figure. Transistors of identical dimensions were chosen to ensure better matching. The LNA was simulated and tested to have a noise figure of 2.74dB and S11 of -10dB in the passband before layout, and noise figure of 4.12dB and S11 of -13dB after layout.

Rsf electronik ms82_catalogElectromate

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The document describes an interferential linear encoder called the MS 82 Series. It uses a glass or glass ceramic scale with a phase grating and a scanning reticle to produce two 90-degree phase shifted sinusoidal measurement signals. This allows it to achieve high resolution position measurement over long travel distances at high speeds, with optional integrated interpolation providing sub-micron resolution. Key features include a non-contact reflective design, adjustable reference marks, and outputs compatible with servo drive electronics.

Rsf electronik ms82_catalogElectromate

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The document describes an interferential linear encoder called the MS 82 Series. It uses a glass or glass ceramic scale with a phase grating and a scanning reticle to produce two 90-degree phase shifted sinusoidal measurement signals. This allows it to achieve high resolution position measurement over long travel distances at high speeds, with integrated interpolation providing sub-micron resolution. Key features include a non-contact reflective design, adjustable reference marks, and various output options.

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B0160709IOSR Journals

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Equal Split Wilkinson Power Divider - Project PresentationBhanwar Singh Meena

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Tdr measurement of rg58 coaxial cable s parameters 120413Piero Belforte

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Digital to Analog ConversionSoumen Santra

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3 p8 1522University of Technology

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171220027 Kaushal Verma.pdfsaiusa5444

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Design of Low Noise Amplifier for Wimax ApplicationIOSR Journals

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Microwaveyogesh parmar

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PARASITIC-AWARE FULL PHYSICAL CHIP DESIGN OF LNA RFIC AT 2.45GHZ USING IBM 13...Ilango Jeyasubramanian

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Ultra-low power 0.45 mW 2.4 GHz CMOS low noise amplifier for wireless sensor ...journalBEEI

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Narrowband_LNANagarjun Bhat

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Rsf electronik ms82_catalogElectromate

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Rsf electronik ms82_catalogElectromate

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RF circuit design using ADS

1. Final Presentation Ankit Master Spring 2009

2.  Couplers/Dividers  Branch Line Coupler  Wilkinson Coupler  Modified Wilkinson Coupler  Ratrace Coupler  Gain Block  Low Noise Amplifier  Oscillator

3. - Branchline couplers are 3 dB directional couplers - The power fed at the input port is divided equally between the two output ports. - However, there is a 90-degree phase difference in the output of the two ports

4. S- parameters Magnitude (dB) (@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured S11 -30.03 -14.55 S12 -2.97 -2.97 S21 -2.97 -3.02 S22 -30.03 -15.16 S13 -3.05 -4.06 S31 -3.05 -4.15 Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3: SIMULATED: 89.890 MEASURED: 91.000

5. S11 S12 S21 S22 Branch line Coupler: Magnitude plots

6. S13 Branch line Coupler: Magnitude plots S31 S12 – S13 Branch line Coupler: Phase plot

7. - It is a n-port network commonly used for combining and splitting power. - This circuit achieves isolation at the output ports while maintaining matched condition on all ports.

8. S- parameters Magnitude (dB) (@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured S11 -20.01 -25.56 S12 -3.05 -3.10 S21 -3.05 -3.53 S22 -26.26 -11.08 S13 -3.05 -2.98 S31 -3.05 -3.33 Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3: SIMULATED: 0.000 MEASURED: -1.480

9. S11 S12 S21 S22 Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots

10. S13 Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots S31 S12 – S13 Wilkinson Coupler: Phase plot

12. S- parameters Magnitude (dB) (@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured S11 -38.28 -14.08 S12 -3.01 -3.36 S21 -3.01 -3.51 S22 -41.85 -12.21 S13 -3.01 -3.23 S31 -3.01 -3.33 Phase Difference between outputs obtained on ports 2 and 3: SIMULATED: 0.000 MEASURED: 0.8750

13. S11 S12 S21 S22 Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots

14. S13 Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Magnitude plots S31 S12 – S13 Modified Wilkinson Coupler: Phase plot

17. -This is a hybrid coupler - Like the Quadrature hybrid, the ratrace coupler is a 3-dB directional coupler -180-degree phase difference between output ports

18. S- parameters Magnitude (dB) (@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured S11 -39.21 -12.19 S12 -3.00 -3.57 S21 -3.00 -3.64 S22 -39. 22 -13.11 S13 -39.58 -40.36 S31 -39.58 -40.45 S14 -3.01 -3.20 S41 -3.01 -3.34

19. S11 S12 S21 S22 Rat Race Coupler: Magnitude plots

20. S13 S31 S14 S41 Rat Race Coupler: Magnitude plots

21. S12-S13 S12-S14 Rat Race Coupler: Phase plot Phase Difference between outputs obtained at ports 2 and 3: SIMULATED: - 0.180 MEASURED: -36.380 Phase Difference between outputs obtained at ports 2 and 4: SIMULATED: - 178.800 MEASURED: - 172.810

22. -Active circuit which uses transistors to amplify the wea input signal -Device used: 2SEC5009

25. S- parameters Magnitude (dB) (@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured S11 -18.999 -24.398 S21 6.354 3.893 S22 -19.00 -13.428 StabFact 1.004 -

26. -Low Noise amplifier is necessary at the input of a receiver to amplify the weak received signal with minimium amplification of noise -Device used: AT32011

27. Layout of the LNA in ADS Actual fabricated circuit

28. Noise Figure S-parameters

30. S- parameters Magnitude (dB) (@ 2.4 GHz) simulated measured S11 -10.475 -6.031 S12 -16.603 -17.940 S21 12.042 10.022 S22 -57.434 -54.278 StabFact 1.065 - NF min 1.961 - nf(2) 2.069 - Max Gain 12.762 -

31. -A local oscillator is used to combine the baseband signal with a high frequency RF signal during modulation - Device used: ATF33143

32. Layout in ADS Actual fabricated circuit (Apologies for the poor image quality)

34. Harmo simulated measured nic index HB.freq HB.vout HB.freq HB.vout (GHz) (dBm) (GHz) (dBm) 1 2.381 20.480 2.5975 10.02 2 4.761 -13.560 5.2075 -10.23 3 7.142 -3.331 7.7950 -21.43 S11 @ 4.751 - - - 2.35 dB GHz

35. - ADS is a very useful and powerful tool for building circuits - Reducing the number of parameters during optimization improves the chances of reaching the desired goal efficiently - Selection of a proper device is essential during the initial stages of the design to avoid complications in the latter stages of the project - Tuning is not as convenient as optimization

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RF circuit design using ADS

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