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Dr.SL.Riyas PhD .JP
Executive Director
Centre for Peace Studies
Sri Lanka.
cpslanka@gmail.com
Centre for Peace Studies
? mgptpUj;jp rkhjhdj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjpy; gq;fhw;w
KbAkh?
? vkJ ehl;by; gbg;gbahf rkhjhdj;ij Vw;gLj;jp tUtjhf
muR $WfpwJ.,f; $w;iw jf;f Mjhuq;fSld;Muha;f?
? tpLtpf;fg;gl;l gFjpfspy; murpdhy;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; Ntiyj; jpl;lq;fs; ePz;l fhyj;jpy;
epue;ju rkhjhdj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjpy; gq;fhw;Wkh?
,y;iyah? ,Ugf;f epahaq;fSld; Muha;f?
Centre for Peace Studies
? nghUshjhuk;
rkhjhdk; vd;gJ tWikia xopg;gjhFk;.,J kf;fspd;
nghUshjhu ey; tho;thFk;.
? murpay;
rkhjhdk; [dehafj;jpd; tpisthFk;. rkhjhdk; ey;y
murhl;rpapd; ngWNgwhff; fpilg;gjhFk;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? ,uhZtk;
Aj;jk; epWj;jg;gl;lhy; mq;F rkhjhdk; cUthFk;.
? rKf xw;Wik
NtWgl;l FOf;fSf;fpilapyhd gpur;rpidfisj; jPh;j;jy;,
ePjpiar; rkkhfg; gq;fpLtjw;F mt;thwhd FOf;fis
xd;W Nrh;j;jy;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? Aj;jkpy;yhj epiyik vdTk; $wyhk;.
? rkhjhdk; vd;gJ kf;fspilNa mth;fs; NgRk;>
Nfl;Fk;> kw;wtUld; fye;JwthLk;> KiwfspD}lhf
xw;Wikiaj; J}z;LtJk;> kw;wtiuj; Jd;GWj;jy;>
nfhLikg;gLj;jy;> kw;wtiu mopj;jy;> Nghd;w
vz;zq;fisj; jLg;gJkhFk;. (Theresa & Turner 1995)
Centre for Peace Studies
rkhjhdk;rkhjhdk;
vg;NghJ
?
vg;NghJ
?
vq;F?vq;F?
Vd;?Vd;?
vt;thW?vt;thW?
ahH /
ahUf;F?
ahH /
ahUf;F?
vd;d?vd;d?
Centre for Peace Studies
? jd; cly;, csj; Njitfisg; G+h;j;jp nra;J nfhz;L tho;fpwhH
? gpzf;Ffs; ,d;wp tho;fpwhh;
? epr;rydkhd rpe;jidapd; tpisthfj; Njhd;Wk; kd mikjpNahL
tho;fpwhh;.
? jhd; VidNahUld; Nkhjpf; nfhs;shJ el;GwTlDk;
xj;Jisg;GlDk; tho;fpwhh;.
? jhk; ,aw;ifr; Rw;whlNyhL crpjkhfg; nghUe;jp tho;fpwhH.
? kdpjh; xUtNuhnlhUth; gpzq;fpf; nfhs;shj rKfr; #oypy;
tho;fpwhh;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? ehl;L kf;fs; jd; cly;, csj; Njitfisg; G+h;j;jp nra;J nfhz;L
tho;fpwhh;fs;.
? ehl;L kf;fs; gpzf;Ffs; ,d;wp tho;fpwhh;fs;.
? ehl;by; mikjp epyTtjhy; kf;fs; kfpo;NthLk;,
jpUg;jpNahLk; tho;fpwhh;fs;.
? ehL Aj;jq;fsw;w tyaj;jpy; my;yJ Nfhsj;jpy;
ghJfhg;Gld; ,Uf;fpwJ.
? ehl;by; kdpj eltbf;iffSf;Fk; ,aw;ifr; Rw;whlYf;FkpilNa
rkepiyAk; , njhlh;Gk; cs;sd.
Centre for Peace Studies
KOikahd
rkhjhdk;
cs;sf
rkhjhdk;
r%fr;
rkhjhdk;
,aw;ifr;
Rw;whlYldhd
rkhjhdk;
Centre for Peace Studies
? jhk; jk;NkhL xj;Jr; nry;yy; cs;sf rkhjhdk; vdg;gLk;
? Ex: csr; rpf;fy; ,d;ik, cly; csj; Njitfspd;
jpUg;jp, csr; nraw;ghLfspy; rpf;fypd;ik, xOf;f
elj;ijapy; rpf;fypd;ikAk; xOq;Fk;, Md;kPf KOikAld;
thOk; jpUg;jp, njhopw; jpUg;jp, kNdhtikjp, csr;
Rfk;, md;G, moFzh;T, jplfhj;jpuk;, csr; nrOik,
Rfkhd Md;kPf vz;zf;fU.
Centre for Peace Studies
? xU eghpd; gpioaw;wJk; njsptw;wJkhd
eltbf;ifapd; %yNk rkhjhdk; gpwf;fpd;wJ.
? rkhjhdk; vd;gJ kd mikjpNa.
? kdtikjpNa cz;ikahd rkhjhdk; MFk;.
? rkhjhdk; vd;gJ tpNtfk;, fUiz, vd;gtw;wpD}lhfNt
Njhd;Wk;.
? kjk; rhh;e;j tho;f;ifapD}lhfNt rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;.
Centre for Peace Studies
Centre for Peace Studies
? jdp egUf;Fk; r%fj;Jf;FkpilNa xj;Jg; Nghjy; r%fr;
rkhjhdk; vdg;gLk;
? Ex: r%f ,irthf;fk;, kdpjNdhL nfhz;Ls;s xw;Wik,
el;GwT , xj;Jiog;G , gpzf;Ffs; mw;w kf;fs; tho;T ,
ePjpia epiwNtw;wj;jf;fjhf jdpegh; cupikfis
cWjpg;gLj;Jk; Kiwahd r%f ,af;fq;fSk; murpaYk;
……..
Centre for Peace Studies
? egh;fs;, FOf;fs; , ,dg;gpupTfs; kj;jpapyhd
Nkhjy;fis jPh;f;Fk; nray; Kiwfshy; r%fj;jpy;
rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;.
? egh;fs; , FOf;fs; , ,dg;gpupTfs; ,ilapy; rpwe;j
njhlh;G rhjdq;fs; fhuzkhfj; Njhd;Wk; Gupe;J
nfhs;sYk; xj;Jiog;G, el;GwT vd;gd fhuzkhfTk; r
%fj;jpy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;.
? rupahd murpay; nray; Kiwfs; thapyhfTk;
rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? rl;lj;ijAk; epahaj;ijAk; epWTtjhy; rkhjhdk;
Njhd;Wk;.
? nghUshjhu tpUj;jpahy;, tWikia xopg;gjhy;,
mbg;gil kdpj Njitfisg; G+h;j;jp nra;tjhy;,
nghUshjhu Kuz;ghLfis mfw;Wtjhy; rkhjhdk;
Njhd;Wk;.
? r%f ed;dlj;ijfis mgptpUj;jp nra;tjhy; rkhjhdk;
Njhd;Wk;.
? kdpj cupikfisg; ghJfhg;gjhy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? ,aw;ifNahL kdpjd; xj;Jg;Nghjy; ,aw;ifr;
Rw;whlYldhd rkhjhdk; vdg;gLk;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? ,aw;ifr; Rw;whlNyhL Md;kPfj; njhlh;igAk;
fl;bnaOg;gpf; nfhs;tjhy; csr; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;.
tho;Tk; rkhjhdkhf mikAk;
? ,aw;ifr; Rw;whliy kdpj tho;T mz;kpg;gjhy; r
%fj;jpy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk; (G+q;fhf;fs; mikj;jy;,
tdtsg;ghJfhg;G…..)
? xU ehl;by; ,aw;ifr; #oiyj; jhq;fj;jf;f mstpyhd
rdj;njhifia itj;jpUg;gjhy; kf;fs; tho;f;ifapy;
mikjpapd;ikiaf; Fiwf;fyhk;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? Rj;jkhd tspiaAk; Rj;jkhd ePiuAk; fhj;jy;.
? efuq;fs; xypapdhy; khriltij ,ad;w tiu Fiwg;gjhy;
kf;fs; tho;f;ifapy; mikjpapd;ikiaf; Fiwf;fyhk;.
? rd neUf;fbiaj; jtph;j;jy; thapyhf kf;fsJ tho;f;ifapy;
mikjpia Vw;gLj;jy;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? xU ehl;by; rkhjhdj;jpd; ngWkjpia Rfj;jpd;
ngWkjp Nghd;W gyUk; mjid ,oe;J
nfhz;bUf;ifapy; my;yJ ,oe;Jtpl;l gpd;dNu
fhz;fpd;wdh;.
? xU ehl;by; rkhjhdk; jhdhfj; Njhd;Wk;
xd;whFk; vdf;fUjpr; nraw;gLtjdhy; mjidg;
ngWjy; fbdkhdjhFk;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? “rkhjhdk; Njrpa, kdpjr; r%fj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; vd
Kd;dpiyapy; itj;jpUg;gjw;fhf Ntz;Lnkd;Nw r
%fePjp, murpay;, fy;tp, fyhr;rhuk;, nghUspay;,
mgptpUj;jp Nghd;W vy;yhf; fhyq;fspYk;
nraw;glNtz;bAs;sJ. mt;nty;yhj; JiwfspYk;
crpjkhfg; nghUe;Jkhapd; kdpj kdq;fspy; rkhjhdk;
Njhd;Wk;”.
Centre for Peace Studies
?rkhjhdk;
mtrpakhapd;,ePq;fs;
Aj;jk; Gupa Maj;jkhFq;fs;.
Centre for Peace Studies
Centre for Peace Studies
? Mf;fpukpg;ghsh;fs; KjyhtJ jhf;Fjiy epfo;j;Jk; NghJ
mth;fs; jhq;fpf; nfhs;s ,ayhjthW ghhpa mstpy;
gpujpj; jhf;Fjiy elj;Jk; vr;rupf;ifNa ,jd; Kjw; jsk;
MFk;. mJ mZMAjj; jhf;FjYf;F ,yf;fhFk; ,lq;fshd
ghupa efuq;fs;, njhopw;rhiyfs;, Nghd;wtw;Wf;F
vjph;j; jhf;Fjiy elj;jj;jf;f tha;g;ig mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L
mikAk;. ,jd; nghUl;L kpf mgptpUj;jpaile;j MAjq;fs;
mtrpakpy;iy. (Robert Aldrich 1982)
Centre for Peace Studies
? ,U ehLfs; rkkhd MAj gyj;ijg; ngw;wpUg;gpd;
xd;iwnahd;W jhf;Fjyijj; jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;Sk;
( Mutually Assured Destruction-MAD)
? ty;yuRfs; jkJ mZ MAjg; gyj;jpdhy; Nghiu xj;jpg;
Nghl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fj; J}z;lg;gLfpd;wd.
( E.P.Thompson)
Centre for Peace Studies
? jkf;fpilNa cs;s jPh;j;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfg; ghupa
mstpy; xUtiunahUth; nfhiy nra;J nfhs;sy;.
? Kul;Lj; jdj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ,dthupahf my;yJ
FOthupahf ,UrhuhUf;Fkpilapy; jPh;f;f Kw;gly;
? jpl;lkpl;l kdpjf; nfhiyfSk; nrhj;Jr; NrjKk;.
? kWrhuhiug; gad;gLj;jp mth;fSf;Fj; jPq;if tpistpj;J
mth;fis mbikg;gLj;jp VnjhnthU gpur;rpidia jPh;f;f
Kay;jy;.
Centre for Peace Studies
? Kjyhsp vjph; njhopyhsp
? murpay; cupik vjph; murhq;fk;
? ,df;FO vjph; cWg;gpdh;
? MSq;fl;rp vjph; vjph;f;fl;rp
? FLk;gk; vjph; cWg;gpdh; (nrhj;J)
? egh;fsJ Kd;Ndw;wj;Jf;F vjpuhf
? mjpfhug; Nghl;b.
Centre for Peace Studies
? nrhj;Jf;fis mopj;jy;
? nfhiy nra;jy;
? gfpuq;f ,lq;fspy; Fz;L ntbg;G
? flj;jy;
? kiwe;jpUe;J jiyth;fisf; nfhy;Yjy;.
Centre for Peace Studies
?Centre for Peace Studies
? “No reasonable man can prefer war to
peace, for in war its fathers who burry
their sons, while in peace its sons who
burry their fathers”
Herodote.
Centre for Peace Studies

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Rights to Peace - Tamil

  • 1. Dr.SL.Riyas PhD .JP Executive Director Centre for Peace Studies Sri Lanka. cpslanka@gmail.com Centre for Peace Studies
  • 2. ? mgptpUj;jp rkhjhdj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjpy; gq;fhw;w KbAkh? ? vkJ ehl;by; gbg;gbahf rkhjhdj;ij Vw;gLj;jp tUtjhf muR $WfpwJ.,f; $w;iw jf;f Mjhuq;fSld;Muha;f? ? tpLtpf;fg;gl;l gFjpfspy; murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; Ntiyj; jpl;lq;fs; ePz;l fhyj;jpy; epue;ju rkhjhdj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjpy; gq;fhw;Wkh? ,y;iyah? ,Ugf;f epahaq;fSld; Muha;f? Centre for Peace Studies
  • 3. ? nghUshjhuk; rkhjhdk; vd;gJ tWikia xopg;gjhFk;.,J kf;fspd; nghUshjhu ey; tho;thFk;. ? murpay; rkhjhdk; [dehafj;jpd; tpisthFk;. rkhjhdk; ey;y murhl;rpapd; ngWNgwhff; fpilg;gjhFk;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 4. ? ,uhZtk; Aj;jk; epWj;jg;gl;lhy; mq;F rkhjhdk; cUthFk;. ? rKf xw;Wik NtWgl;l FOf;fSf;fpilapyhd gpur;rpidfisj; jPh;j;jy;, ePjpiar; rkkhfg; gq;fpLtjw;F mt;thwhd FOf;fis xd;W Nrh;j;jy;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 5. ? Aj;jkpy;yhj epiyik vdTk; $wyhk;. ? rkhjhdk; vd;gJ kf;fspilNa mth;fs; NgRk;> Nfl;Fk;> kw;wtUld; fye;JwthLk;> KiwfspD}lhf xw;Wikiaj; J}z;LtJk;> kw;wtiuj; Jd;GWj;jy;> nfhLikg;gLj;jy;> kw;wtiu mopj;jy;> Nghd;w vz;zq;fisj; jLg;gJkhFk;. (Theresa & Turner 1995) Centre for Peace Studies
  • 7. ? jd; cly;, csj; Njitfisg; G+h;j;jp nra;J nfhz;L tho;fpwhH ? gpzf;Ffs; ,d;wp tho;fpwhh; ? epr;rydkhd rpe;jidapd; tpisthfj; Njhd;Wk; kd mikjpNahL tho;fpwhh;. ? jhd; VidNahUld; Nkhjpf; nfhs;shJ el;GwTlDk; xj;Jisg;GlDk; tho;fpwhh;. ? jhk; ,aw;ifr; Rw;whlNyhL crpjkhfg; nghUe;jp tho;fpwhH. ? kdpjh; xUtNuhnlhUth; gpzq;fpf; nfhs;shj rKfr; #oypy; tho;fpwhh;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 8. ? ehl;L kf;fs; jd; cly;, csj; Njitfisg; G+h;j;jp nra;J nfhz;L tho;fpwhh;fs;. ? ehl;L kf;fs; gpzf;Ffs; ,d;wp tho;fpwhh;fs;. ? ehl;by; mikjp epyTtjhy; kf;fs; kfpo;NthLk;, jpUg;jpNahLk; tho;fpwhh;fs;. ? ehL Aj;jq;fsw;w tyaj;jpy; my;yJ Nfhsj;jpy; ghJfhg;Gld; ,Uf;fpwJ. ? ehl;by; kdpj eltbf;iffSf;Fk; ,aw;ifr; Rw;whlYf;FkpilNa rkepiyAk; , njhlh;Gk; cs;sd. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 10. ? jhk; jk;NkhL xj;Jr; nry;yy; cs;sf rkhjhdk; vdg;gLk; ? Ex: csr; rpf;fy; ,d;ik, cly; csj; Njitfspd; jpUg;jp, csr; nraw;ghLfspy; rpf;fypd;ik, xOf;f elj;ijapy; rpf;fypd;ikAk; xOq;Fk;, Md;kPf KOikAld; thOk; jpUg;jp, njhopw; jpUg;jp, kNdhtikjp, csr; Rfk;, md;G, moFzh;T, jplfhj;jpuk;, csr; nrOik, Rfkhd Md;kPf vz;zf;fU. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 11. ? xU eghpd; gpioaw;wJk; njsptw;wJkhd eltbf;ifapd; %yNk rkhjhdk; gpwf;fpd;wJ. ? rkhjhdk; vd;gJ kd mikjpNa. ? kdtikjpNa cz;ikahd rkhjhdk; MFk;. ? rkhjhdk; vd;gJ tpNtfk;, fUiz, vd;gtw;wpD}lhfNt Njhd;Wk;. ? kjk; rhh;e;j tho;f;ifapD}lhfNt rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 12. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 13. ? jdp egUf;Fk; r%fj;Jf;FkpilNa xj;Jg; Nghjy; r%fr; rkhjhdk; vdg;gLk; ? Ex: r%f ,irthf;fk;, kdpjNdhL nfhz;Ls;s xw;Wik, el;GwT , xj;Jiog;G , gpzf;Ffs; mw;w kf;fs; tho;T , ePjpia epiwNtw;wj;jf;fjhf jdpegh; cupikfis cWjpg;gLj;Jk; Kiwahd r%f ,af;fq;fSk; murpaYk; …….. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 14. ? egh;fs;, FOf;fs; , ,dg;gpupTfs; kj;jpapyhd Nkhjy;fis jPh;f;Fk; nray; Kiwfshy; r%fj;jpy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. ? egh;fs; , FOf;fs; , ,dg;gpupTfs; ,ilapy; rpwe;j njhlh;G rhjdq;fs; fhuzkhfj; Njhd;Wk; Gupe;J nfhs;sYk; xj;Jiog;G, el;GwT vd;gd fhuzkhfTk; r %fj;jpy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. ? rupahd murpay; nray; Kiwfs; thapyhfTk; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 15. ? rl;lj;ijAk; epahaj;ijAk; epWTtjhy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. ? nghUshjhu tpUj;jpahy;, tWikia xopg;gjhy;, mbg;gil kdpj Njitfisg; G+h;j;jp nra;tjhy;, nghUshjhu Kuz;ghLfis mfw;Wtjhy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. ? r%f ed;dlj;ijfis mgptpUj;jp nra;tjhy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. ? kdpj cupikfisg; ghJfhg;gjhy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 16. ? ,aw;ifNahL kdpjd; xj;Jg;Nghjy; ,aw;ifr; Rw;whlYldhd rkhjhdk; vdg;gLk;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 17. ? ,aw;ifr; Rw;whlNyhL Md;kPfj; njhlh;igAk; fl;bnaOg;gpf; nfhs;tjhy; csr; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;. tho;Tk; rkhjhdkhf mikAk; ? ,aw;ifr; Rw;whliy kdpj tho;T mz;kpg;gjhy; r %fj;jpy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk; (G+q;fhf;fs; mikj;jy;, tdtsg;ghJfhg;G…..) ? xU ehl;by; ,aw;ifr; #oiyj; jhq;fj;jf;f mstpyhd rdj;njhifia itj;jpUg;gjhy; kf;fs; tho;f;ifapy; mikjpapd;ikiaf; Fiwf;fyhk;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 18. ? Rj;jkhd tspiaAk; Rj;jkhd ePiuAk; fhj;jy;. ? efuq;fs; xypapdhy; khriltij ,ad;w tiu Fiwg;gjhy; kf;fs; tho;f;ifapy; mikjpapd;ikiaf; Fiwf;fyhk;. ? rd neUf;fbiaj; jtph;j;jy; thapyhf kf;fsJ tho;f;ifapy; mikjpia Vw;gLj;jy;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 19. ? xU ehl;by; rkhjhdj;jpd; ngWkjpia Rfj;jpd; ngWkjp Nghd;W gyUk; mjid ,oe;J nfhz;bUf;ifapy; my;yJ ,oe;Jtpl;l gpd;dNu fhz;fpd;wdh;. ? xU ehl;by; rkhjhdk; jhdhfj; Njhd;Wk; xd;whFk; vdf;fUjpr; nraw;gLtjdhy; mjidg; ngWjy; fbdkhdjhFk;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 20. ? “rkhjhdk; Njrpa, kdpjr; r%fj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; vd Kd;dpiyapy; itj;jpUg;gjw;fhf Ntz;Lnkd;Nw r %fePjp, murpay;, fy;tp, fyhr;rhuk;, nghUspay;, mgptpUj;jp Nghd;W vy;yhf; fhyq;fspYk; nraw;glNtz;bAs;sJ. mt;nty;yhj; JiwfspYk; crpjkhfg; nghUe;Jkhapd; kdpj kdq;fspy; rkhjhdk; Njhd;Wk;”. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 22. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 23. ? Mf;fpukpg;ghsh;fs; KjyhtJ jhf;Fjiy epfo;j;Jk; NghJ mth;fs; jhq;fpf; nfhs;s ,ayhjthW ghhpa mstpy; gpujpj; jhf;Fjiy elj;Jk; vr;rupf;ifNa ,jd; Kjw; jsk; MFk;. mJ mZMAjj; jhf;FjYf;F ,yf;fhFk; ,lq;fshd ghupa efuq;fs;, njhopw;rhiyfs;, Nghd;wtw;Wf;F vjph;j; jhf;Fjiy elj;jj;jf;f tha;g;ig mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L mikAk;. ,jd; nghUl;L kpf mgptpUj;jpaile;j MAjq;fs; mtrpakpy;iy. (Robert Aldrich 1982) Centre for Peace Studies
  • 24. ? ,U ehLfs; rkkhd MAj gyj;ijg; ngw;wpUg;gpd; xd;iwnahd;W jhf;Fjyijj; jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;Sk; ( Mutually Assured Destruction-MAD) ? ty;yuRfs; jkJ mZ MAjg; gyj;jpdhy; Nghiu xj;jpg; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fj; J}z;lg;gLfpd;wd. ( E.P.Thompson) Centre for Peace Studies
  • 25. ? jkf;fpilNa cs;s jPh;j;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfg; ghupa mstpy; xUtiunahUth; nfhiy nra;J nfhs;sy;. ? Kul;Lj; jdj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ,dthupahf my;yJ FOthupahf ,UrhuhUf;Fkpilapy; jPh;f;f Kw;gly; ? jpl;lkpl;l kdpjf; nfhiyfSk; nrhj;Jr; NrjKk;. ? kWrhuhiug; gad;gLj;jp mth;fSf;Fj; jPq;if tpistpj;J mth;fis mbikg;gLj;jp VnjhnthU gpur;rpidia jPh;f;f Kay;jy;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 26. ? Kjyhsp vjph; njhopyhsp ? murpay; cupik vjph; murhq;fk; ? ,df;FO vjph; cWg;gpdh; ? MSq;fl;rp vjph; vjph;f;fl;rp ? FLk;gk; vjph; cWg;gpdh; (nrhj;J) ? egh;fsJ Kd;Ndw;wj;Jf;F vjpuhf ? mjpfhug; Nghl;b. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 27. ? nrhj;Jf;fis mopj;jy; ? nfhiy nra;jy; ? gfpuq;f ,lq;fspy; Fz;L ntbg;G ? flj;jy; ? kiwe;jpUe;J jiyth;fisf; nfhy;Yjy;. Centre for Peace Studies
  • 28. ?Centre for Peace Studies
  • 29. ? “No reasonable man can prefer war to peace, for in war its fathers who burry their sons, while in peace its sons who burry their fathers” Herodote. Centre for Peace Studies