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ritusandhi and infectious diseases.pptx

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SnehalBhamkar

1) Ritusandhi refers to the transition period between two seasons, when the immune system is most vulnerable to infectious diseases due to changing environmental factors. 2) Ayurveda recommends a gradual transition of diet and lifestyle over 14 days during ritusandhi to prevent disease caused by asatmya or imbalance. 3) Following the ritusandhi regimen helps maintain vitamin D, melatonin and immune cell levels to optimal levels to fight infection.

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ROLE OF RITUSANDHI AS A CAUSATIVE FACTOR IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES W. S. R. TO RITUCHARYA. PRESENTER GUIDE DR. SNEHAL BHAMKAR DR. ARCHANA BELGE PG SCHOLAR PROFESSOR AND H.O.D. DEPARTMENT OF SWASTHAVRITTA SHRI AYURVED MAHAVIDYALAYA, NAGPUR
INTRODUCTION Different studies show that in early 20th century infectious diseases were the main cause of death. Introduction of higher antibiotics and other medicine has lowered the death rate but it is one of the super most causes of ill health worldwide. Multiple number of bacterias, viruses and other disease causing organisms are present in our environment all the time. It does not affect our body every time but when immune system is compromised, or the infectious agent disturbs the immune system, it results into disease. To keep ourself disease free Aacharya Vagbhata has described the particular regimen of ahara and vihara. Ritusandhi is the time when 2 seasons meet. i. e. one week of former season and one week of later season. During this period various diseases attacks due to lowered immune system.
AIM To access the causative role of Ritusandhi for prevention of infectious diseases by following Ritucharya and particular regimen of ahara and vihara during Ritusandhi mentioned in Samhitas. MATERIALAND METHODS Literature regarding infectious diseases, Ritusandhi and Ritucharya was collected from various Samhitas like Bruhatrayi, Laghutrayi, standard online database and compendium textbooks and it is elaborated to keep our self disease free.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES Infectious diseases are the diseases caused by infectious organisms like bacterias, viruses, fungi, or worms. Under normal circumstances, when the immune system of the host is fully functional, disease may not develop. If the host immune system is compromised, or the infectious agent disturbs the immune system, an infectious disease occurs.
SANKRAMAK VYADHI Aacharya Sushruta has described sankramak diseases as the diseases which transmits from one person to another via any channel . Modes of transmission - By sexual intercourse (prasangat) By any means of touching (gatrasamsparshat) Droplet form (nishvasat) By sharing infected persons bed (sahashayyasanat) By sharing infected persons clothes (vastramalyanulepanat) e. g. kushta, jwar, shosh, netrabhishyand (Sushrut) + kandu, upadansha, bhutonmad (Bhavprakash)
RITUSANDHI 爐爐む爐朽爐萎え爛爐む爐爐鉦う爐逗じ爐爛爐むぞ爐項ぞ爐朽爐む爐伍え爛爐оた爐萎ぐ爐爐 爐伍爐爛爐む| 爐爐伍ぞ爐む爐爛爐爐爐 爐爐 爐萎爐爐鉦 爐伍爛爐 爐伍す爐伍ぞ 爐む爐爐鉦爐謹爐迦え爐鉦い爛| Aachrya Vagbhata has explained ritusandhi as the last seven days of ongoing ritu and first seven days of next ritu. During this period, the regimen of preceding season should be discontinued gradually and that of the succeeding season should be gradually adopted. Sudden discontinuance or sudden adoption gives rise to disease caused by Asatmya.
Ahaar krama for 14 days of Ritusandhi according to Acharya Hemadri Days of ritusandhi Aahara of preceding season Aahara of succeeding season Day 1 3 part 1 part Day 2 4 part - Day 3 2 part 2part Day 4 2 part 2 part Day 5 3 part 1 part Day 6 1 part 3 part Day 7 1 part 3 part Day 8 1 part 3 part Day 9 2 part 2 part Day 10 2 part 2 part Day 11 2 part 2 part Day 12 2 part 2 part Day 13 2 part 2 part Day 14 1 part 3 part Day 15 4 part
YAMA DRANSHTA KALA Aacharya Sharangdhara has stated the last eight days of Kartik masa and first eight days of Agrahayana (Margashish) masa as Yamadranshta kala. During this period one can be healthy if he takes only small quantities of food.
RITUSATMYAAND OAKSATMYA Continuous use of unwholesome will not cause disease immediately due to habituation. but may cause problem over a period of time this is called oaksatmya. Following ahara (diet) and vihara (exercise and other regimen) as per ritu is termed as ritusatmya.
Modern view It can be said that the occurrence of infectious diseases is driven by seasonal environmental changes directly on pathogen abundance, survival, or virulence, due to the annual changes in seasonal cycle. Mainly based on Human activity Pathogens infectivity Immune system variation Vitamin D and Melatonin level variation
Pathogens infectivity The maintenance of infectivity by any pathogen outside the host is dependent on factors like temperature, moisture, dehydration, and UV light. Temperature has the greatest effect, since the rate of most chemical and physical processes are dependent upon it. Vitamin D and Melatonin level variation More recently, epidemiologic studies have demonstrated strong associations between seasonal variations in vitamin D levels and the incidence of various infectious diseases. Melatonin is a powerful natural hormone that is well known for its association with circadian and seasonal rhythms. It not only stimulates the production of natural killer cells, monocytes and leukocytes, but also alters the balance of T helper cells mainly towards Th-1 responses and increases the production of relevant cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12 and interferon-粒.
Immune system variation The change in environmental factors influence the host susceptibility to infection, either as a result of seasonal changes on host immune function (humoral and cellular immunity) or as a result of direct environmental effects. Seasonal variations causes substantial variations in lymphocyte mitogenic responses and in the quantity of circulating lymphocytes, neutrophils, CD4, CD8 cells and IL-6. Adrenocortical hormones vary on a circannual basis. One consequence of this variation is a circannual pattern in immune function. Adrenal corticosteroids, especially glucocorticoids, depress cellular immune function and show to be more effective against T-suppressor cells. Thus, when adrenocortical activity is elevated, T-cell activity is depressed and B-cell activity is elevated.
DISCUSSION Regimen of ritusandhi can protect us from getting infected by the disease. During yamadranshta kala we can avoid diseases by taking light and small quantity of diet. Adrenocortical hormones, natural killer cells, monocytes and leukocytes shows variation in their production and maintenance level on basis of circannual pattern. It also alters the level of vitamin D and melatonin hormone which has crucial role in immune system.
CONCLUSION Management In todays world junk food, disturbed circadian rhythm are main causes for many diseases. So specifically during ritusandhi by following regimen of aahara-vihara we can prevent many diseases . To prevent various infectious diseases one has to follow ideal regimen of ahara and vihara during the period of ritusandhi. By this we can able to prevent our immune system to get overwhelmed by disease causing organisms. It makes us fight against various diseases occurring due to asatmya.
ritusandhi and infectious diseases.pptx

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ritusandhi and infectious diseases.pptx

  • 1. ROLE OF RITUSANDHI AS A CAUSATIVE FACTOR IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES W. S. R. TO RITUCHARYA. PRESENTER GUIDE DR. SNEHAL BHAMKAR DR. ARCHANA BELGE PG SCHOLAR PROFESSOR AND H.O.D. DEPARTMENT OF SWASTHAVRITTA SHRI AYURVED MAHAVIDYALAYA, NAGPUR
  • 2. INTRODUCTION Different studies show that in early 20th century infectious diseases were the main cause of death. Introduction of higher antibiotics and other medicine has lowered the death rate but it is one of the super most causes of ill health worldwide. Multiple number of bacterias, viruses and other disease causing organisms are present in our environment all the time. It does not affect our body every time but when immune system is compromised, or the infectious agent disturbs the immune system, it results into disease. To keep ourself disease free Aacharya Vagbhata has described the particular regimen of ahara and vihara. Ritusandhi is the time when 2 seasons meet. i. e. one week of former season and one week of later season. During this period various diseases attacks due to lowered immune system.
  • 3. AIM To access the causative role of Ritusandhi for prevention of infectious diseases by following Ritucharya and particular regimen of ahara and vihara during Ritusandhi mentioned in Samhitas. MATERIALAND METHODS Literature regarding infectious diseases, Ritusandhi and Ritucharya was collected from various Samhitas like Bruhatrayi, Laghutrayi, standard online database and compendium textbooks and it is elaborated to keep our self disease free.
  • 4. INFECTIOUS DISEASES Infectious diseases are the diseases caused by infectious organisms like bacterias, viruses, fungi, or worms. Under normal circumstances, when the immune system of the host is fully functional, disease may not develop. If the host immune system is compromised, or the infectious agent disturbs the immune system, an infectious disease occurs.
  • 5. SANKRAMAK VYADHI Aacharya Sushruta has described sankramak diseases as the diseases which transmits from one person to another via any channel . Modes of transmission - By sexual intercourse (prasangat) By any means of touching (gatrasamsparshat) Droplet form (nishvasat) By sharing infected persons bed (sahashayyasanat) By sharing infected persons clothes (vastramalyanulepanat) e. g. kushta, jwar, shosh, netrabhishyand (Sushrut) + kandu, upadansha, bhutonmad (Bhavprakash)
  • 6. RITUSANDHI 爐爐む爐朽爐萎え爛爐む爐爐鉦う爐逗じ爐爛爐むぞ爐項ぞ爐朽爐む爐伍え爛爐оた爐萎ぐ爐爐 爐伍爐爛爐む| 爐爐伍ぞ爐む爐爛爐爐爐 爐爐 爐萎爐爐鉦 爐伍爛爐 爐伍す爐伍ぞ 爐む爐爐鉦爐謹爐迦え爐鉦い爛| Aachrya Vagbhata has explained ritusandhi as the last seven days of ongoing ritu and first seven days of next ritu. During this period, the regimen of preceding season should be discontinued gradually and that of the succeeding season should be gradually adopted. Sudden discontinuance or sudden adoption gives rise to disease caused by Asatmya.
  • 7. Ahaar krama for 14 days of Ritusandhi according to Acharya Hemadri Days of ritusandhi Aahara of preceding season Aahara of succeeding season Day 1 3 part 1 part Day 2 4 part - Day 3 2 part 2part Day 4 2 part 2 part Day 5 3 part 1 part Day 6 1 part 3 part Day 7 1 part 3 part Day 8 1 part 3 part Day 9 2 part 2 part Day 10 2 part 2 part Day 11 2 part 2 part Day 12 2 part 2 part Day 13 2 part 2 part Day 14 1 part 3 part Day 15 4 part
  • 8. YAMA DRANSHTA KALA Aacharya Sharangdhara has stated the last eight days of Kartik masa and first eight days of Agrahayana (Margashish) masa as Yamadranshta kala. During this period one can be healthy if he takes only small quantities of food.
  • 9. RITUSATMYAAND OAKSATMYA Continuous use of unwholesome will not cause disease immediately due to habituation. but may cause problem over a period of time this is called oaksatmya. Following ahara (diet) and vihara (exercise and other regimen) as per ritu is termed as ritusatmya.
  • 10. Modern view It can be said that the occurrence of infectious diseases is driven by seasonal environmental changes directly on pathogen abundance, survival, or virulence, due to the annual changes in seasonal cycle. Mainly based on Human activity Pathogens infectivity Immune system variation Vitamin D and Melatonin level variation
  • 11. Pathogens infectivity The maintenance of infectivity by any pathogen outside the host is dependent on factors like temperature, moisture, dehydration, and UV light. Temperature has the greatest effect, since the rate of most chemical and physical processes are dependent upon it. Vitamin D and Melatonin level variation More recently, epidemiologic studies have demonstrated strong associations between seasonal variations in vitamin D levels and the incidence of various infectious diseases. Melatonin is a powerful natural hormone that is well known for its association with circadian and seasonal rhythms. It not only stimulates the production of natural killer cells, monocytes and leukocytes, but also alters the balance of T helper cells mainly towards Th-1 responses and increases the production of relevant cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12 and interferon-粒.
  • 12. Immune system variation The change in environmental factors influence the host susceptibility to infection, either as a result of seasonal changes on host immune function (humoral and cellular immunity) or as a result of direct environmental effects. Seasonal variations causes substantial variations in lymphocyte mitogenic responses and in the quantity of circulating lymphocytes, neutrophils, CD4, CD8 cells and IL-6. Adrenocortical hormones vary on a circannual basis. One consequence of this variation is a circannual pattern in immune function. Adrenal corticosteroids, especially glucocorticoids, depress cellular immune function and show to be more effective against T-suppressor cells. Thus, when adrenocortical activity is elevated, T-cell activity is depressed and B-cell activity is elevated.
  • 13. DISCUSSION Regimen of ritusandhi can protect us from getting infected by the disease. During yamadranshta kala we can avoid diseases by taking light and small quantity of diet. Adrenocortical hormones, natural killer cells, monocytes and leukocytes shows variation in their production and maintenance level on basis of circannual pattern. It also alters the level of vitamin D and melatonin hormone which has crucial role in immune system.
  • 14. CONCLUSION Management In todays world junk food, disturbed circadian rhythm are main causes for many diseases. So specifically during ritusandhi by following regimen of aahara-vihara we can prevent many diseases . To prevent various infectious diseases one has to follow ideal regimen of ahara and vihara during the period of ritusandhi. By this we can able to prevent our immune system to get overwhelmed by disease causing organisms. It makes us fight against various diseases occurring due to asatmya.