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Prof.A.Arvin Babu, M.Sc (N)., PhD.N

Role of nurse in disaster preparedness Prof. Dr. Maheswari Ganesan

An occurrence resulting such an extra ordinary
measure of damage and the consequences
cannot be dealt with by existing infra structural,
technical and emergency medical services there
by requiring additional assistance from outside

D - Destructions
I - Incidents
S - Sufferings
A - Administrative, Financial Failures.
S - Sentiments
T - Tragedies
E - Eruption of Communicable diseases.
R - Research programme and its
implementation

Impact of natural disaster in the last 30
years.
 Death of 3 million people
 Economic loss increased due to disaster
like flood
 In Indian scenario, 34 million people
affected per year and 5116 death per
year.

Nurse’s role in disaster
The nurse’s role in disaster is not only in
managing the people with health
problems after disaster, also involving
in the disaster preparedness

Nurse - is an active member in
needs preparation
 Professional preparation
 Disaster preparedness
 Pre disaster phase
 Disaster phase
 Post disaster phase

 The nurse who are adequately prepared
for disaster management should act as
a nurse leader
 Others towards smoother recovery
phase

Personal items recommended for nurses to
help in disaster including
 Copy of professional license
 Cash
 Personal equipment such as stethoscope
 Flash light and extra batteries
 Weather appropriate cloths Eg. Blanket
 Record keeping materials
 Pocket size reference books

 Disaster Risk assessment and
 Multi-disciplinary management
strategies at all system levels (short,
medium, and long-term health needs),
but it is critical to the delivery of
effective responses to the short,
medium, and long-term health needs of
a disaster-stricken population.
International Council of Nurses (2006)

Administrative role – the nurse
should prepare the
 List of key personnel (Head of the rescue
teams, police, voluntary health agencies)
 Notification procedure through media
 Disaster Organizational Chart (whom to
report, whom to communicate)

Administrative role – prepare for the
 Training of volunteers (Eg. students)
 Orientation Programme to risky areas
 Training programme for health care
professionals

Administrative role – prepare for the
 Maintain the of list of materials needed
(Eg.medicines, certificates, license to
practice)
 Have all information related to
hospitals(Eg. Phone No)
 Efficient communication link between
triage team and hospital

3 stages
 Pre disaster
 Disaster
Pre impact phase
Impact phase
Post impact phase
 Post disaster

PRE DISASTER PHASE
The nurse must involve in
Advance planning
Community participation
Mock drill
Mass education

PRE IMPACT PHASE
-Safety measures
-Time factor
-Co-ordination

IMPACT PHASE
 Comprehensive Management
 Assess priority
 Identify specific needs
 Provide psychological support
 Help in early relief
 Rehabilitation
 Reconstruction

 First Aid & Medical Care
 Life saving Resuscitation
 Allay Panic
 Avoid convergence behavior
 Immediate rescue and relief
 Professional Identification
 Direct people to shelters

 Gather information rapidly
 Documentation
 Assess number of Casualty Inflow
 Arrange drugs and IV fluids
 Assess Adequacy of casualty
evaluation routs
 Adequacy of space and building

Ensure
 -Appropriate first aid centre
 -Distribution of duties
 -Streamlining Efforts of Community
 -Immediate Aid
* Rescue material
*Shelters
*Food, Drugs & Blankets

 Leadership Role in organizing health
camps
 Immunization
 Follow up Care
 Nutritional Programme
 Disposal of Dead
 Hygiene and sanitation
 Routine Health Services

REHABILITATION-Starts from the
moment disaster strikes & ends with the
restoration of normality
- Medical
- Surgical
- Psychological
- Vocational

There is disparity between the lack of
recourses and the needs of victim in
disaster . The ethical issues are
 Rationing care
 Futile therapy
 Consent
 Confidentiality
 Self protection

2.3
2.6
4.2
6.9
8.7
9.9
10.3
0.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Europe
N ort h A merica
W est ern Pacif ic
M iddle East
Global
S&C ent ral A merica
A sia
Sub- Saharan A f rica
Workers per 1,000 population

 Form the backbone of the health care
system
 Are the frontline health care workers
who are in direct contact with the public
 Contribute to health of individuals,
families, communities, and the globe

 Schools and college of nursing offer little
or no information on disaster management
 Nursing Shortage of trained
instructors/faculty
(WHO)
So……
There is a Need for disaster
training for Nurses.

 Basic life support
 System and planning for settings where
nurses work
 Communications (what to report and to whom)
 Working in the damaged facilities and with
damaged equipment
 Safety of clients and practitioners
 Working within a team (understand each
member’s role and responsibility)
 Infection control
 Mental and psychosocial support
(WHO, 2006)

 Ethical and legal issues, and decision
making;
 Care principles;
 Nursing care;
 Needs assessment and planning;
 Safety and security;
 Communication and interpersonal
relationships;
 Public health; and
 Health care systems and policies in
emergency situations
(WHO, 2008)

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Role of nurse in disaster preparedness Prof. Dr. Maheswari Ganesan

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Role of nurse in disaster preparedness Prof. Dr. Maheswari Ganesan