A b s t r a c t
Throughout many centuries, the musical structure has had numerous modifications. We can observe the constant use of digits for convenience of notation of the music sounds, for example : digital organ bass, lute tablatures, guitar jazz ciphers. At nowadays the digital system of music teaching is absent in the curriculum and is not applied in practice because of teacher's insufficient professional knowledge in the sphere of child's neurophysiology .Statistics and practice show that the period of learning by standard music grammar is delayed for several years. Already at the early stage of learning at Children’s Music School, within of two – three months, up to thirty percent of children lose their interest to music subject and leave the study. This phenomenon is explained by the study overload arising at the first contact of the child to difficult format of adopted note coding and decoding of music information.
We consider , at initial stage to play piano, a child ought to know the Digits. Applying the Digital Key
the child rationally distributes the total study load on leading functional systems his organism , creates
highly - accurate coordination without inclusion in practical activity of unnecessary muscle groups,
unnecessary movements,excessive effort by pressing a key and it means, he excludes the possibility of appearing of false acoustic and muscular sensations, and as a result of it, instantly creates a firm neuron linkage which in our life we call as a skill of coordinated action.The findings of our scientific investigations have permit us to understand the most delicate mechanisms of child’s mental activity and to detect new creative abilities.Application of the information technologies will help schoolmasters to improve the quality, speed and efficiency of music teaching for beginners. http://reflectionmusic.ucoz.com/
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Reflection
1. REFLECTION
Considering the benefits of Digital Grammar in a Music Educational
Program
Statistics and practice show that the period of learning by standard music
grammar is delayed for several years.At the early stage of learning ,within of
two–three months,up to thirty percent of children lose their interest to music
subject and leave the study.This phenomenon is explained by the study
overload arising at the first contact of the child to difficult format of adopted
note coding and decoding of music information.
teacher of music Stepanov
S.M. Ukraine
Physiological Base
The physiological substantiation on the application of the digital
system for coding and decoding of a melody is the following : children begin
their contact with digits already in preschool age , when they are taught to
count and this system is learned by children quite firmly , since it is often
used in their daily life. But the generally accepted music grammar is new for
them and, naturally, requires some additional period of time to be acquired
by children.It is for that reason that in the initial period of musical teaching,
children inevitably spend a lot of time and efforts to read a melody written
down in music signs.Naturally, it slows down rate of training, causes
psychoemotional discomfort , lowers the child’s interest to music. Therefore ,
in the initial stage of teaching , besides work with the generally accepted
music grammar , will be useful to replace it with a digital system for a certain
period. This does not mean that we want to do without standard music
grammar, but at the initial stages of musical education, the system of digital
coding and decoding of music sounds is undoubtedly useful , as it speeds
up teaching of children.
Neurophysiological Aspect
It is well known that the difficulties in the perception of any
information, including musical one, cause strain of the main functional
systems in the child’s organism. The developed digital technology of musical
training is perspective, has a practical result, but it requires the physiologic
and psychology researches devoted to studying of an influence of a
recommended method to psycho - emotional status and to a condition of
the main functional systems of the child’s organism : the central nervous
system, the muscular system and others. For this purpose , the experimental
researches are to be performed, namely: ENG, EMG, EEG – tests to study the
2. degree of mental load that the child has received in perception of the
information recorded in the note signs compared to the load that a child has
received in perception of the music information written down in number
signs.Test Electronystagmography allows us to investigate eyeshot,
positional nystagmus and also to determine the quantity of fluctuations of
the eyeballs during the perception of melody written in the music marks and
digital symbols. Electromyography test, allows us to investigate the
threshold of muscular irritability ( min – max ) and amplitude of muscle
tension , depending on effort and accuracy of pressing of a key on the
keyboard of the instrument. The method of ENG and EMG joins the visual
analyzer with neuro motor function of the hands and explains, on the
scientific point of view, the ratio between the load on muscles of eyes and
muscles of hands, and also it proves the possibility of development of
muscular fatigue in hands depending on the quantity of eyeballs’
fluctuations. EEG - test allows us to make up the comparative diagrams of
dynamics of the proceeding neurophysiological processes, and also it offers
an opportunity to investigate the functional activity of neurons during the
synthesis both of music and digital patterns.
The realization of the described scientific researches in this direction will
allow us to approach closer to understanding of more subtle mechanisms of
the child’s mental activity and to detect the new creative abilities.
Parallel Description
In practice, using the generally accepted music grammar, the child
connects the definition of the location of the melody to the pitch i.e., to the
system of dimension , which is written down in the form of an expanded
construction , both on x – the horizontal and on y - the vertical. By reading
the music information ,the direction of eyeballs’ movements is spasmodic,
and it has a multistep combination both on y – the vertical , from the G - key
up to the F - key , and on x - the horizontal often with a return of eyesight to
the starting point of support. For an integration , synthesis and the
modification of the complex pattern of the received information the
structures of the central nervous system require an additional period of
time. It is a neurophysiological process proceeding in an interval of time
between the moment of perception of the music information from the sheet
and the moment of the hands’ response on the keyboard of an instrument. A
great number of irregular nervous impulses is transferred to the central
nervous system per unit of time and , as the consequence of this , the fatigue
of hand muscles is considerably increased (Berosov, Korovkin1990). An
amplitude of muscle tension is directly dependent on the frequency of
innervation, where each subsequent nervous impulse coincides with the phase
of increased excitability of the muscle ( Green, Stout,Taylor 1990 ). At the
level of the synaptic terminal we can see untimely synthesis of the
neurotransmitter, deep and stable depolarization of the postsynaptic
membrane and,as a result,the convulsive reflexes are thus formed.An
3. important neurophysiological moment has been marked : within a short time
interval the contracture , that is , constantly high muscular tension is formed,
which in turn , is harmfully reflected on the content and character of the
melody.
In practice , using the method of the digital key, the child connects the
definition of digital melody to the system of dimension which is written
down in the form of an integral construction both on x – the horizontal and
on y – the vertical . Reading the digital information the trajectory of
eyeballs’ movements on y– the vertical is projected to the exact determinant
( digit ,sign, symbol ), the trajectory of eyeballs’ movements on x – the
horizontal is projected in one direction, forward. In the given system of
dimension the integration of the digital information proceeds instantly, its
realization on an instrument proceeds in reflexive time - ratio. The
paradoxical phenomenon is revealed : the time interval between the moment
of perception of the digital information and the moment of the hands’
response on the keyboard of an instrument, is contracted to the minimum .We
achieve a reduction of load on hand muscles at the expense of decreasing of
an amplitude between muscle tension and the resulting movement and,
consequently , the time intervals between effort and accuracy of pressing of a
key are considerably shortened .At the level of the synaptic terminal we can
see an allocation of neurotransmitter directly proportionally to the frequency
of generated impulses by neurons and , as a result , the coordinated reflexes
are thus formed. An important neurophysiological moment has been
marked : the reciprocal muscular innervation is formed , that is, the rational
distribution of the manual technique on the keyboard of an instrument,
which in turn, is considerably reflected on the content and character of the
melody. Grain of truth lies in the fact that at the expense of perception of
melody by means of digits its realization becomes faster and easier, which in
turn , is positively reflected on the psychoemotional status of the child and
enables him to dynamically realize the potential music abilities in
psychosomatic action as a result .
Entire description on related research You can read at the webpages :
http://educationinjapan.wordpress.com/2011/02/04/considering-the-benefits-of-
digital-music-grammar-in-a-music-educational-program/
http://reflectionmusic.ucoz.com/
http://www.m-piremagazine.com/Sergey.html ( review by Joe Gentile )