This document provides an overview of land concepts and property systems in Russian history. It begins with an introduction and timeline, then explains the open-field system from the 1500s-1850s where peasants farmed strips of land administered by lords. Next, it describes the "MIR" or "Obshchina" system from 1724 where land was given to communities rather than individuals and village assemblies made decisions. The presentation concludes that it covered important Russian land systems between the 1500s-1850s.
5. ?
? Land has always been a central social and economic
force for Russia.
? Until the beginning of the twentieth century, state
property was the predominant form of property
ownership.
Land concept in Russian
history
6. ?
? The open-field system was the prevalent agricultural system of Russia.
? The strips or selions were cultivated by individuals or peasant families,
often called tenants or serfs.
? The Lord of the Manor, his officials, and a Manorial court administered
the manor and exercised jurisdiction over the peasantry, who only
worked for food, they weren¡¯t paid.
¡°Open Fields system¡± or ¡°Russian Peasant
Communes¡±.
7. ?? The ¡°MIR¡± or ¡°Obshchina¡± (§Þ§Ú§â) was usually used to denote a local, self-
governing peasant community.
? This system began more or less in 1724.
? In this system the land was given to the community of peasants not to
individual people.
? The village assembly decided what crops to grow, this means that
everything must be done at the same time in the same manner
? This communities had to pay excessive taxes to the goverment.
? It was only in 1906 that the Stolypin reforms began destroying the
¡°Obshchinas¡±.
MIR or Obshchina system
Illustration of what an Obshchina
might have looked like.
8. ?
With this presentation we learned how Russian land
property systems worked between the 1500¡¯s to 1850¡¯s,
and how important they were for the country
Conclusion
Russian peasant village in winter