Safety in additive manufacturing

Oct 16, 20190 likes49 views

Gianandrea Gino

OHS aspects in additive manufacturing with fine metal powders

Regolamentazione
Titolo IX Sostanze pericolose
TULSS - D.Lgs. 81/2008
SICUREZZA SALUTE

Additive Manufacturing
Produzione
Lavorazione Riallestimento Pulizia Avanzi e Rifiuti
Preparazione
Setacciatura Alimentazione
Materie prime
Polveri metalliche Ausiliari

Polveri Metalliche Micrometriche
• Alluminio
• Cobalto
• Ferro
• Magnesio
• Manganese
• Rame
• Titanio
• …
Polveri
metalliche
Piroforiche
Reattive con acqua
Esplosive
Pericolo Inalazione #
Pericolo Contatto cutaneo #
Pericolo Ingestione
# and allergie per inalazione o contatto

mg/m3 SCOEL Altri ACGIH
PNOC = 3
Al 0,5
Cobalto 2019 0,02 0,02
Nichel 0,005 R 0,5 =
Mo = = =
Cr II – III 2 T 2 0,5
Ferro = 1 1
Mn 0,05 R 0,02
Inalazione | Cute | Ingestione

O2 % ATMOSFERE IPO - OSSIGENATE
19,5- 21 NORMALE
17 - 19,5 Limite inferiore respirabilità (81 - ACGIH)
12 – 17 Malessere – Intontimento – Incapacità giudizio
7 - 12 Perdita conoscenza
0 – 7 Asfissia rapida
Altri pericoli
ATMOSFERE INFIAMMABILI /ESPLOSIVE
Solventi infiammabili
Idrogeno Polveri combustibili / piroforiche
LASER
Classe 1 Classe 2 Classe 3A Classe 3B Classe 4
Sicuri Ridotta potenza Non pericolosi per
osservazione discontinua
Pericolosi per occhi
non protetti e pelle
Molto pericolosi

Ridurre i rischi - 1
Apparecchiature CE
AtEx (equipotenziali)
Atmosfere inerti No O2 - H2O No Incompatibili
(Infiammabili) No Reattivi (H2O2)
Limitare quantità – Conservare
separatamente – Identificare Recipienti
Prevenire
Dispersione Inneschi
Suole / DPI non
conduttivi - Pile -
Cellulare - …
Procedure -
Pulizia -
Raccolta - …

Rispettare le procedure
(Housekeeping is safe)
UNSAFE

Segnaletica – Istruzioni - SDS
Dispositivi Protezione (Guanti – Tuta/Camice – Occhiali – Scarpe APVR)
Controlli periodici e misure ambientali EN 689:2018
Prevenzione incendi ed emergenze (piccole e grandi)
 Info-Formazione => Addestramento => Consapevolezza 
Pensare anche agli altri: interferenze [da & verso]
Ridurre i rischi - 2

Workplace Safety and good Occupational
Health are:
I •Cost-efficient
II • Mandatory (legal and insurance requirements)
III •Ethically correct
IV •Reasonable and practicable

Gianandrea Gino
Studio di Ingegneria per il Rischio Tecnologico

I. Definitions of key terms like hazard, risk, and risk assessment are provided. Hazards are sources of potential harm, risks are the chances of being harmed by a hazard, and risk assessments identify hazards and evaluate associated risks. II. Workplace safety and occupational health are important for economic, legal, ethical, and practical reasons. Accident rates decreased significantly over time after implementing an occupational health and safety program at one manufacturing site. III. Effective risk control measures like noise exposure reduction, safety training, and use of personal protective equipment can help reduce risks to workers' health over time, as shown through a real example of a hearing conservation program.

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Safety in additive manufacturing

1. Occupational Health and Safety in Additive Manufacturing Gianandrea Gino g.gino@sirt.it www.sirt.it Chemical Engineer – EHS consultant – Certified Occupational Hygienist – Forensic engineering

2. Regolamentazione Titolo IX Sostanze pericolose TULSS - D.Lgs. 81/2008 SICUREZZA SALUTE

3. Additive Manufacturing Produzione Lavorazione Riallestimento Pulizia Avanzi e Rifiuti Preparazione Setacciatura Alimentazione Materie prime Polveri metalliche Ausiliari

4. Polveri Metalliche Micrometriche • Alluminio • Cobalto • Ferro • Magnesio • Manganese • Rame • Titanio • … Polveri metalliche Piroforiche Reattive con acqua Esplosive Pericolo Inalazione # Pericolo Contatto cutaneo # Pericolo Ingestione # and allergie per inalazione o contatto

5. mg/m3 SCOEL Altri ACGIH PNOC = 3 Al 0,5 Cobalto 2019 0,02 0,02 Nichel 0,005 R 0,5 = Mo = = = Cr II – III 2 T 2 0,5 Ferro = 1 1 Mn 0,05 R 0,02 Inalazione | Cute | Ingestione

6. O2 % ATMOSFERE IPO - OSSIGENATE 19,5- 21 NORMALE 17 - 19,5 Limite inferiore respirabilità (81 - ACGIH) 12 – 17 Malessere – Intontimento – Incapacità giudizio 7 - 12 Perdita conoscenza 0 – 7 Asfissia rapida Altri pericoli ATMOSFERE INFIAMMABILI /ESPLOSIVE Solventi infiammabili Idrogeno Polveri combustibili / piroforiche LASER Classe 1 Classe 2 Classe 3A Classe 3B Classe 4 Sicuri Ridotta potenza Non pericolosi per osservazione discontinua Pericolosi per occhi non protetti e pelle Molto pericolosi

7. Ridurre i rischi - 1 Apparecchiature CE AtEx (equipotenziali) Atmosfere inerti No O2 - H2O No Incompatibili (Infiammabili) No Reattivi (H2O2) Limitare quantità – Conservare separatamente – Identificare Recipienti Prevenire Dispersione Inneschi Suole / DPI non conduttivi - Pile - Cellulare - … Procedure - Pulizia - Raccolta - …

8. Rispettare le procedure (Housekeeping is safe) UNSAFE

9. Segnaletica – Istruzioni - SDS Dispositivi Protezione (Guanti – Tuta/Camice – Occhiali – Scarpe APVR) Controlli periodici e misure ambientali EN 689:2018 Prevenzione incendi ed emergenze (piccole e grandi)  Info-Formazione => Addestramento => Consapevolezza  Pensare anche agli altri: interferenze [da & verso] Ridurre i rischi - 2

10. Workplace Safety and good Occupational Health are: I •Cost-efficient II • Mandatory (legal and insurance requirements) III •Ethically correct IV •Reasonable and practicable

11. Gianandrea Gino Studio di Ingegneria per il Rischio Tecnologico

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Safety in additive manufacturing

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