Between 9,000 and 6,000 years ago, the Sahara desert experienced wet and rainy conditions, forming a "Green Sahara". Evidence from sediments and cave paintings show rivers, lakes, and fertile land supported diverse wildlife and human civilizations. After 2,000 years, drier conditions returned and the desert formed. Computer models suggest human-driven climate change could cause future expansion of Sahara vegetation, but human activity in the region may prevent a full return to former "green" conditions.