Sandhi

Jun 18, 2015Download as ppt, pdf

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This document provides examples of sandhi rules in Sanskrit. It shows how to combine letters and sounds when words come together in a sentence. The different types of sandhi rules covered are: vyanjana sandhi, guna sandhi, vritti sandhi, and yanja sandhi. Examples are provided to illustrate each rule, such as how two words starting with vowels or consonants are joined together based on the sounds.

svaagatma
kailadasa saMskRt
kond`ma
maQaurantkma
Baartma

pHcasainQa:
dIGa- sainQa: .
gauNa sainQa: .
vaRiw sainQa: .
yaNa sainQa: .

Produced by:
V.C. Govindarajan,
Siromani, M.Phil., B.Ed.,
Sanskrit Teacher,
Indian School, Al-Ghubra,
Sultanate of Oman.
E-mail: vcgrajan@yahoo.com

dIGa-sainQa:
A /Aa + A / Aa = Aa
[ / [- + [ / [- = [-
] / } + ] / } = }
? / ?R + ? / ?R = ?R

A/Aa + A/Aa = Aa
sauK + AqaI- =
sauKaqaI-
saUya- + Ast: =
saUyaa-st:
tva + AaXaa =
tvaaXaa
ihma + Aalaya: =
ihmaalaya:
rmaa + A~ =
rmaa~
ivaVa + AqaI- =
ivaVaqaI-
saa + Aip = saaip
iBaxaa + ATnama =
iBaxaaTnama
ivaVa + Aip =
ivaVaip

[ / [- + [ / [- = [-
• mauina + [nd`: =
maunaInd`:
• [it + [va = [tIva
• hir + [-Xa: =
hrIXa:
• mauina + [-Xa: =
maunaIXa:
• gacCit+[it =
• laxmaI + [-Xa: =
laxmaIXa:
• mahI + [nd`: =
mahInd`:
• rjanaI + [-Xa:
=rjanaIXa:
• gaaOrI + [-Xa: =
gaaOrIXa:

] / } + ] / } = }
• saaQau + ]>ma =
saaQaU>ma
• sau +]i>: = saUi>:
• saaQau +]dya: = saaQaUdya:
• Baanau + ]dya: = BaanaUdya:
• vaQaU +]pdoXa: =
vaQaUpdoXa:

? / ?R + ? / ?R = ?
R
• We apologies for non availability of the maa~ of long vowel ?
• iptR + ?Nama = iptRNama
• datR + ?Nama = datRNama
• haotR + ?iw: = hatRiw:
• maatR + ?Nama = maatRNama

gauNa sainQa:
•A / Aa + [ / [- = e
•A / Aa + ] / } = Aao
•A / Aa + ? / ?R = Ar
•A / Aa + ; = Ala

A / Aa + [ / [- = e
• nar + [nd`: =
narond`:
• tva + [it = tvaoit
• gaNa + [-Xa: =
gaNaoXa:
• nar + [-Xa: =
naroXa:
• gaNa + [-Xa: =
• rmaa + [it =
rmaoit
• maha + [-Xa: =
mahoXa:
• yaqaa + [YT: =
yaqaoYT:
• lata + [va =
latova

A / Aa + ] / } =
Aao• iht+]pdoXa:=
ihtaopdoXa:
• pu$Ya+]<ama:=
pu$Yaao<ama:
• cand`+]dya: =
cand`aodya:
• jala+}ima-: =
jalaaoima-:
• ga=gaa + ]
dkma =
ga=gaaodkma
• maha +}$: =
mahao$:
• yaqaa +]icatM =
yaqaaoicatM
• maha +]dya: =
mahaodya:

A / Aa + ? / ?R = Ar
A / Aa + ; = Ala
• saPt + ?Yaya: =
saPtYa-ya:
• dova + ?iYa: =
dovaiYa-:
• raja + ?iYa: =
rajaiYa-:
• ga``IYma + ?tu:
= ga`IYmat-u:
• maha + ?iYa: =
mahiYa-:
• vaYaa- +?tu: =
vaYa-tu-:
• rajaa + ?iYa: =
rajaiYa-:
• maha + ?iw: =
mahiw-:

vaRiw sainQa: .
•A / Aa + e / eo = eo
•A / Aa + Aao / AaO =
AaO

A / Aa + e / eo = eo
• tona + ek: =
tonaOk:
• ek + ek: = ekOk:
• AV + eva =
AVOva
• prma +
eoXvaya- =
prmaOXvaya-
• p`aqa-naa +
eYaa = p`aqa-
naOYaa
• sada + eva =
sadOva
• tda + eva =
tdOva
• maha + eoXvaya-

A / Aa + Aao / AaO =
AaO
• tva +
Aaodnama =
tvaaOdnama
• jala + AaoGa: =
jalaaOGa:
• gauD +
Aaodnama =
gauDaOdnama
• maha+AaOYaQ
ama =
mahaOYaQam
a
• maha+AaOdaya
-ma =
mahaOdaya-
ma

yaNa sainQa: .
• [ / [- + Asamaanasvar: = ya
• ] / } + Asamaanasvar: = va
• ? / ?R + Asamaanasvar: = r
• ; + Asamaanasvar : = la

[ / [- + Asamaanasvar:
= ya
• [it + Aip = [%yaip
• yaid + Aip =
yaVip
• p`it + ekma = p`
%yaokma
• [it + Aaid =
[%yaaid
• p`it + ]pkar: = p`
%yaupkar:
• dovaI + ]vaaca =
dovyauvaaca
• nadI+AakRit:=
naVakRit:
• pRiqavaI+Aip =
pRiqavyaip
• nadI + AV =
naVV

] / } + Asamaanasvar: =
va
• sau + Aagatma
= svaagatma
• maQau + A~ =
maQva~
• ga$ + ]pdoXa:=
gauvau-pdoXa:
• gau$ +
AadoXa:=
• vaQaU+AadoXa
: =
vaQvaadoXa:
• vaQaU +]
%sava: =
vaQaU%sava:
• campU +
Aagamanama

? / ?R + Asamaanasvar: = r
; + Asamaanasvar : = la
• iptR + AadoXa: = ip~adoXa:
• maatR + [cCa = maai~cCa
• maatR + AMXa: = maa~MXa:
• datR + [-Xa: = da~IXa:
• QaatR + AMXa: =
Qaa~MMXa:
• laR + AakRit: = laakRit:

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Sandhi

1. svaagatma kailadasa saMskRt kond`ma maQaurantkma Baartma

2. pHcasainQa: dIGa- sainQa: . gauNa sainQa: . vaRiw sainQa: . yaNa sainQa: .

3. Produced by: V.C. Govindarajan, Siromani, M.Phil., B.Ed., Sanskrit Teacher, Indian School, Al-Ghubra, Sultanate of Oman. E-mail: vcgrajan@yahoo.com

4. dIGa-sainQa: A /Aa + A / Aa = Aa [ / [- + [ / [- = [- ] / } + ] / } = } ? / ?R + ? / ?R = ?R

5. A/Aa + A/Aa = Aa sauK + AqaI- = sauKaqaI- saUya- + Ast: = saUyaa-st: tva + AaXaa = tvaaXaa ihma + Aalaya: = ihmaalaya: rmaa + A~ = rmaa~ ivaVa + AqaI- = ivaVaqaI- saa + Aip = saaip iBaxaa + ATnama = iBaxaaTnama ivaVa + Aip = ivaVaip

6. [ / [- + [ / [- = [- • mauina + [nd`: = maunaInd`: • [it + [va = [tIva • hir + [-Xa: = hrIXa: • mauina + [-Xa: = maunaIXa: • gacCit+[it = • laxmaI + [-Xa: = laxmaIXa: • mahI + [nd`: = mahInd`: • rjanaI + [-Xa: =rjanaIXa: • gaaOrI + [-Xa: = gaaOrIXa:

7. ] / } + ] / } = } • saaQau + ]>ma = saaQaU>ma • sau +]i>: = saUi>: • saaQau +]dya: = saaQaUdya: • Baanau + ]dya: = BaanaUdya: • vaQaU +]pdoXa: = vaQaUpdoXa:

8. ? / ?R + ? / ?R = ? R • We apologies for non availability of the maa~ of long vowel ? • iptR + ?Nama = iptRNama • datR + ?Nama = datRNama • haotR + ?iw: = hatRiw: • maatR + ?Nama = maatRNama

9. gauNa sainQa: •A / Aa + [ / [- = e •A / Aa + ] / } = Aao •A / Aa + ? / ?R = Ar •A / Aa + ; = Ala

10. A / Aa + [ / [- = e • nar + [nd`: = narond`: • tva + [it = tvaoit • gaNa + [-Xa: = gaNaoXa: • nar + [-Xa: = naroXa: • gaNa + [-Xa: = • rmaa + [it = rmaoit • maha + [-Xa: = mahoXa: • yaqaa + [YT: = yaqaoYT: • lata + [va = latova

11. A / Aa + ] / } = Aao• iht+]pdoXa:= ihtaopdoXa: • pu$Ya+]<ama:= pu$Yaao<ama: • cand`+]dya: = cand`aodya: • jala+}ima-: = jalaaoima-: • ga=gaa + ] dkma = ga=gaaodkma • maha +}$: = mahao$: • yaqaa +]icatM = yaqaaoicatM • maha +]dya: = mahaodya:

12. A / Aa + ? / ?R = Ar A / Aa + ; = Ala • saPt + ?Yaya: = saPtYa-ya: • dova + ?iYa: = dovaiYa-: • raja + ?iYa: = rajaiYa-: • ga``IYma + ?tu: = ga`IYmat-u: • maha + ?iYa: = mahiYa-: • vaYaa- +?tu: = vaYa-tu-: • rajaa + ?iYa: = rajaiYa-: • maha + ?iw: = mahiw-:

13. vaRiw sainQa: . •A / Aa + e / eo = eo •A / Aa + Aao / AaO = AaO

14. A / Aa + e / eo = eo • tona + ek: = tonaOk: • ek + ek: = ekOk: • AV + eva = AVOva • prma + eoXvaya- = prmaOXvaya- • p`aqa-naa + eYaa = p`aqa- naOYaa • sada + eva = sadOva • tda + eva = tdOva • maha + eoXvaya-

15. A / Aa + Aao / AaO = AaO • tva + Aaodnama = tvaaOdnama • jala + AaoGa: = jalaaOGa: • gauD + Aaodnama = gauDaOdnama • maha+AaOYaQ ama = mahaOYaQam a • maha+AaOdaya -ma = mahaOdaya- ma

16. yaNa sainQa: . • [ / [- + Asamaanasvar: = ya • ] / } + Asamaanasvar: = va • ? / ?R + Asamaanasvar: = r • ; + Asamaanasvar : = la

17. [ / [- + Asamaanasvar: = ya • [it + Aip = [%yaip • yaid + Aip = yaVip • p`it + ekma = p` %yaokma • [it + Aaid = [%yaaid • p`it + ]pkar: = p` %yaupkar: • dovaI + ]vaaca = dovyauvaaca • nadI+AakRit:= naVakRit: • pRiqavaI+Aip = pRiqavyaip • nadI + AV = naVV

18. ] / } + Asamaanasvar: = va • sau + Aagatma = svaagatma • maQau + A~ = maQva~ • ga$ + ]pdoXa:= gauvau-pdoXa: • gau$ + AadoXa:= • vaQaU+AadoXa : = vaQvaadoXa: • vaQaU +] %sava: = vaQaU%sava: • campU + Aagamanama

19. ? / ?R + Asamaanasvar: = r ; + Asamaanasvar : = la • iptR + AadoXa: = ip~adoXa: • maatR + [cCa = maai~cCa • maatR + AMXa: = maa~MXa: • datR + [-Xa: = da~IXa: • QaatR + AMXa: = Qaa~MMXa: • laR + AakRit: = laakRit:

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Sandhi

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