Science4FYCCh2
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The document discusses several topics related to geology and astronomy. It introduces geology as the study of Earth's structure, founded by Niels Stenson. It then describes features of the moon such as its lack of atmosphere and varying temperatures. The document explains the phases of the moon and eclipses involving the moon and sun. It also discusses different types of telescopes and highlights achievements in space exploration such as satellites, the first American to orbit Earth, and the first moon landing.
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The document provides information about astronomy and the solar system. It discusses the definition of astronomy and describes the solar system including the eight planets, their satellites, asteroids, comets, and other objects within the sun's gravitational influence. It then focuses on specific planets like Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Venus, and Mercury. Details are given about their composition, orbits, moons, and other characteristics.New astronomy presentation
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The oldest galaxy is the most redshifted, as it is moving fastest away from us due to the expansion of the universe over the greatest time period since the Big Bang. The youngest galaxy shows the least redshift, as it has not been receding from us for as long.
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The document summarizes key properties and motions of Earth and the Moon. It describes how Earth rotates on its axis, causing day and night, and revolves around the Sun, causing years. It also explains that the Moon rotates on its axis and revolves around Earth, and that the changing angles of sunlight cause its phases to cycle over 29.5 days.Origins of mordern astronomy
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The document provides an overview of the early history of astronomy from ancient Greeks to modern times. It discusses that ancient Greeks held an Earth-centered view but Aristarchus proposed a Sun-centered model. Later, Ptolemy developed an Earth-centered model using epicycles to explain planetary motions. In the 1500s-1600s, Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo and Newton helped establish the modern heliocentric model through observations and laws of planetary motion and gravity.More from mom2wildones3 (7)
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Nicolaus Copernicus was a Catholic scientist in the 16th century who correctly theorized that the Earth and planets revolve around the sun, contradicting the widely-held geocentric view. The document discusses astronomy and defines terms like stars, galaxies, the sun, planets in our solar system, comets, meteors, and asteroids. It provides basic information about these celestial objects, including their composition, movement, and locations in space.A C H His5 Ch5
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The document discusses several aspects of westward expansion in the United States. It describes the South Pass through the Rocky Mountains that became known as the gateway to the West. It discusses Daniel Boone's role in establishing settlements in Kentucky through the Wilderness Road and Cumberland Gap. It also outlines how the Northwest Territory led to the formation of the states of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois and how the Catholic Church spread through the region by sending circuit rider priests. Finally, it notes Andrew Jackson's defeat of Native American tribes in Alabama and Mississippi and the acquisition of Florida from Spain.A C H His5 Ch 3
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Thomas Jefferson was the third president and first to take the oath of office in Washington D.C., he also designed his home Monticello. John Marshall as Chief Justice said the supreme law was the Constitution. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the U.S. when Napoleon sold the territory for $15 million since France failed to conquer it. Lewis and Clark then explored the new territory with the help of Sacajawea, reaching the Pacific Ocean and establishing U.S. territory.Ach His5 Ch1
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- 1. GeologyThe Study of the Structure of the EarthNielsStenson is the founder of Geology.
- 2. The MoonHas no atmosphere- no wind, no sound, no clouds or weatherTemperatures are either really hot or really coldSurface has smooth plains, jagged mountains, and cratersDoes not produce own light, but reflects the light of the sun
- 3. Phases of the MoonAs the moon orbits the earth, we see different amounts of light reflectedThese changes are called phasesThe basic phases are New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon, Last Quarter
- 4. EclipsesWhen the moon passes between the earth and the sun, we may have a solar eclipse.When the earth passes between the sun and the moon, we may have a lunar eclipse.
- 5. TelescopesA refracting telescope uses lensesA reflecting telescope uses mirrorsThe air above the earth makes the stars seem to twinkleTo get a clearer picture of the stars & planets NASA placed the Hubble Space Telescope in orbit around the earth
- 6. Exploration of SpaceScientists use rockets to put objects in spaceSatellites carried by rockets either orbit the earth or travel to other planetsJohn Glenn was the 1st American to orbit the earth in a Mercury SpacecraftNeil Armstrong & Edwin Aldrin were the 1st men to land on the moonThe space shuttle Columbia was the 1st reusable spacecraft
- 8. PetrologyThe Study of Rocks
- 9. Origin of the EarthConstructive Forces: tend to build up land areas (Earthquakes & Volcanoes)Destructive Forces: tend to wear down land areas (Eroding action of running water & waves)
- 10. EarthquakesPressure can cause Earth’s crust to crack or break causing a fault lineSometimes the rock on either side moves to ease pressureSudden moving can cause a shaking of the earth called an earthquake
- 11. Volcanoes