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Shiraz University of medical sciences
Shiraz University of medical sciences

searching strategies for medical researches and scientific data bases in Persian language

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Search strategy
PRIMARY SEARCH THE BASIC CONCEPTS
CONTENT 1.DEFINE YOUR TOPIC -CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) 2.DEFINE THE SCOPE OF YOUR TOPIC 3.BEGIN YOUR SEARCH 4.REFINING YOUR SEARCHAND SEARCH PROBLEMS
愕悋惘 愆悋 拆愕 悋慍 惓惡惠 悋 惆惘 惆惠惘 擧惠 惠忰悋惠 惆悋愆悴 惆悋愆擧惆 悽惆惠悋 悋慍 愕悧 惓惡惠 悋 擧惠 拆惘愕惆 惡惘悋 愆惘惺 惆悋 惡惠惘 束 擧悋惘 惠忰悋惠 惡悋愕惠 擧悋惘 擧 愕悧 惓惡惠 悋 擧 惆悋愆悴 擧 忰惶 悋愕惠 惡悋 惡惆悋悽悋 擯惆 愆悋 拆愕 悋慍 惆惠 悋 惆惡悋 損 悋愕惠 惡 拆愆 擧 悋愕惠悋惆 惡惘惆 擧 惺悋 擧悋惘 惠忰悋惠 惡擯惘惆 愆惘惺 惡 擧悋惘 擧惆 悋 惶惆 惆悋惘 擧 惡惡 束 悋愕悋惠惆 惆惆 惆惘 悋惠 惠悋惆 惴惘 擧 悋慍 悋愕悋惠惆 惘悋 惡 悽惆 悴惡 擧惆 悋 惡 愆悋 擯惆 惡惠惘 悋愕惠 愆悋 束 悋愕惠悋惆 惆惘 悋惆悋 擯惆 損 惡 悋惘悋惆 擧 惆悋惘 悋愕惘惆擯 愕惠惆 惆惘 悛愕 愆惺 惆悋惘惆 悋 悋惶悋 惡惘 惺擧愕 惆惘 悋 惘惆 愕惘 擧惆 惠悴 惘悋 惡 悋愀悋惺 惆惆 悋 惷惺 惘悋 擧 擧惆 擧 悛悋 惡惠惘 悋愕惠 惆惘 悽惶惶 擧惆擧悋 惆惘 悋惆悋 悋愕惠悋惆 惆惘 忰悋 擧 擯愆 悋愆慍擯 悽惘惆 惡 愕惘惺惠 悋慍 惆惠惘 擯惘 悽悋惘悴 愆惆. 損 悋悴悋 惡惆 悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋
愆悋 悋擯惘 悴悋 悋 惆悋愆悴 惡惆惆 擧悋惘 擧惘惆惆 惡 悽悋 惠忰 拆愆 )愕悋惆 惠惘 擧悋惘( 拆惆悋 擧惘惆 悴惆惆 悋愕惠悋惆 拆惘愕惆 愕悋悋惠 惡愆惠惘 )擧悋惘 忰惷惘惠 !( 惘惠 愕惘 擧惘惆 惆惘 惘惆 惷惺 )愆惘惺 悋 惶惡惠 惡惆惡悽惠(
悋慍 擧悴悋 愆惘惺 擧夭
拆惆悋 擧惘惆 愆擧 愕惠
Search strategy
FIRST STEP: DEFINE YOUR TOPIC -CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S)
DEFINE YOUR TOPIC 悋 惶惆 惆悋惘 擧 惡惡 惡 悋惘悋惆 擧 惆悋惘 悋愕惘惆擯 愕惠惆 惆惘 悛愕 惆悋惘 悋 悋惶悋 惡惘 惺擧愕 悛悋 惡惠惘 悋愕惠 惆惘 悽惶惶 擧惆擧悋 悋悴悋 惡惆 悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋 惡惘惘愕 惘悋 悛愕 悋愕惘惆擯 惆惘 擧惆擧悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋
DEFINE YOUR TOPIC oTHE COURSE AND ASSIGNMENTWILL GUIDE YOUR CHOICE OF A TOPIC oA TOPIC THAT IS INTERESTING TO YOU OFTEN WORKS BEST oA VERY BROAD TOPIC MAY NEED NARROWING oA VERY SPECIFIC TOPIC MAY NEED EXPANSION oALSOHELP DICTIONARIES ANDGLOSSARIES
CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) 惡惘惘愕 惘悋 悛愕 悋愕惘惆擯 惆惘 擧惆擧悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋
CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) IS IT ENOUGH?
CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) USE SUBJECT ENCYCLOPEDIAS AND DICTIONARIES (IMPORTANT) NOTE SYNONYMS AND RELATED TERMS E.G. RUST/CORROSION. NOTE AMERICAN TERMS E.G. LIFT/ELEVATOR. NOTE AMERICAN SPELLINGS E.G. COLOR/COLOUR. NOTE PLURALSE.G. FISH/FISHES. NOTE ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS E.G. COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN/CAD. NOTE PERSIANSKEY WORDS AND ITS VARIATIONS E.G. ???
惡惘惘愕 惠悋惓惘 悛愕拆惘 惡惘 悋慍悋愆 惡惘慍 愕擯 悋 擧 愕擯 悋 擧 愕擯 悋 擧 愕擯 擧 KIDNEY STONE RENAL STONE KS RS ≒ 悛愕拆惘 悛愕拆惘 悋愕惆悋愕惠 愕悋愕擧 悋愕惠 愕悋愕擧悋愕惆 ASPRIN ASA A.S.A ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID ....
悋慍 擧悴悋 擧惆 悋 悋 惘悋 拆惆悋 擧夭 ENGLISH KEY WORDS: MESH 擧惆 悋 悋 悋惘愕: 惺悋 悽悋惠 惡悋惘愆 愃慍!
MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS(MESH) IS A COMPREHENSIVECONTROLLED VOCABULARYFOR THE PURPOSE OFINDEXINGJOURNAL ARTICLES AND BOOKSIN THE LIFE SCIENCES; IT CAN ALSO SERVE AS ATHESAURUSTHAT FACILITATES SEARCHING.
Search strategy
Search strategy
SECOND STEP: DEFINE THE SCOPE OF YOUR TOPIC
悋悋 惆惡悋 悴惘 慍 愕惠
DEFINE THE SCOPE OF YOUR TOPIC DO YOU WANT ENGLISH LANGUAGE MATERIAL ONLY? DO YOU WANT MATERIAL ONLY PUBLISHED WITHIN A CERTAIN TIME- SCALE E.G. WITHIN THE LAST FIVE YEARS? DO YOU WANT TO FIND A SPECIFIC TYPE OF DOCUMENT E.G. A BOOK REVIEW? DO YOU WANT SPECIFIC TOPICS? E.G. MEDICINE OR PHARMACY OR MEDICAL EDUCATION OR .?
WEBSITES OR SEARCH ENGINES ENGLISH DATABASES: WWW.SCHOLAR.GOOGLE.COM WWW.PUBMED.COM WWW.SCIENCEDIRECT.COM . . . FARSI DATABASES: WWW.SID.IR WWW.IRANDOC.AC.IR WWW.MEDLIB.IR WWW.MAGIRAN.COM WWW.IRANMEDEX.COM WWW.SCHOLAR.GOOGLE.COM
THIRD STEP: READY FOR BEGIN YOUR SEARCH
START SEARCHING!!
愆擧 愕惠
悋悋惠 擧 惆 擧惆 悋 惘悋 惡悋 惆悋惘惆! ENGLISH: 1.AND 2.+ 3.SPACE FARSI: 1. 2.+ 3.SPACE
惠悋 悋悋惠 擧 忰惆悋 擧 悋慍 擧惆 悋 悋 惘悋 惡悋 惆悋惘惆! ENGLISH: 1.OR FARSI: 1. 悋
悋悋惠 擧 擧惆 悋 悽悋惶 惘悋 惆悋惘惆! ENGLISH: 1.- 2.NOT FARSI: 1.-
badaANDb aORcbNOTdfamilyand violencefamilyor domesticviolencenot sexual abuse bba
悋悋惠 擧 忰悋 擧 惺惡悋惘惠 悽悋惶 愕惠惆! ≒ 惆悋愆擯悋 惺 拆慍愆擧 擧惘悋 損 惆悋愆擯悋 惺 拆慍愆擧 擧惘悋 束
惠擧擧 惆擯!!! oPSYCHOLOGY oPSYCHOLOGICAL oPSYCHOLOGIST oPSYCHIATRY oPSYCHIATRIST oPSYCHOLOGY*
WRITE SEARCH QUERY 1. PUBMEDAND COCHRANE DATABASE: JUST SEARCH MESH TERMS! E.G. KIDNEY CALCULI AND ASPIRIN 2. OTHER SEARCH ENGINES AND DATABASES: E.G. 1. (CALCULI, KIDNEY ORCALCULUS, KIDNEY ORKIDNEY CALCULUS ORNEPHROLITHORRENAL CALCULUS ORKIDNEY STONES ORKIDNEY STONE ORSTONE, KIDNEY ORSTONES, KIDNEY ORRENAL CALCULI ORCALCULI, RENAL OR CALCULUS, RENAL) AND(ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID ORACID, ACETYLSALICYLIC OR2- (ACETYLOXY)BENZOIC ACID) 2. SEARCH SEPARATELY EVERY KEYWORD!!!!
FOURTH STEP: REFINDINGYOUR SEARCH
START AGAIN!
愆擧 愕惠
PROBLEMS? TOO MANY? TOO FEW ? IRRELEVANT REFERENCES? FINDS NOTHING?
TOO MANY COMBINE EVEN MORE KEYWORDS (ADD KEYWORDS FOR AN ADDITIONAL CONCEPT) TO MAKE YOUR SEARCH MORE SPECIFIC. IF ANY OF YOUR SEARCH WORDS ARE A SET PHRASE, ARE YOU ENTERING THEM IN THE WAY THAT TELLS THE DATABASE TO LOOK ONLY FOR THE SET PHRASE? TRY USING THENOTOPERATOR TO EXCLUDE ANY NON-RELEVANT KEYWORDS. SEE IF IT IS POSSIBLE TO SPECIFY WHICH PART OF A RECORD YOU WISH TO BE SEARCHED E.G. ONLY THE TITLE. TRY PROXIMITY SEARCHINGTO LIMIT YOUR SEARCH TO RECORDS IN WHICH YOUR CHOSEN KEYWORDS APPEAR IN THE SAME SENTENCE/PARAGRAPH OR WITHIN A CHOSEN NUMBER OF WORDS OF EACH OTHER. ON THE SCREEN DISPLAYING YOUR SEARCH RESULTSMANY DATABASES OFFERSOME SUGGESTED SUBJECT HEADINGSFOR NARROWING YOUR SEARCH, AND YOU CAN TRY CLICKING ON THESE.
TOO FEW SEARCH FOR EVEN MORE SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS. IN SOME INDEXES YOU ARE GIVEN A LIST OF APPROPRIATE KEYWORDS AT THE END OF EACH ENTRY WHICH CAN GIVE YOUFURTHER IDEAS. IF YOU HAVE USED A SET PHRASE, IT MAY BE WORTH TRYING THE WORDS ENTERED SEPARATELY WITHAND(OR A PROXIMITY SEARCHING OPERATOR)IN BETWEEN. IT IS USUALLY POSSIBLE TO TRUNCATE WORDS I.E. USE A WORD ROOT AND FIND ALL WORDS THAT BEGIN WITH THE LETTERS YOU SPECIFY. TRUNCATION SYMBOLS ARE NORMALLY * ?OR $ E.G.ENVIRON*WOULD FIND ENVIRONMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTALIST ETC. USE CAREFULLY AS YOU CAN RETRIEVE NUMEROUS FALSE HITS E.G.HERO*WOULD FIND HERO, HEROIC AND HEROISM BUT ALSO HEROIN. USE A WILDCARD SYMBOL IF AVAILABLE WHICH SEARCHES FOR VARIABLE CHARACTERS WITHIN A KEYWORD. WILDCARD SYMBOLS ARE NORMALLY * ? OR $.IN SOME DATABASES (INCLUDING THE LIBRARY CATALOGUE) THERE IS ONE WILDCARD SYMBOL WHICH CAN SUBSTITUTE FOR MORE THAN ONE CHARACTER AND WILL ALSO FIND THE WORD WITHOUT THE WILDCARD SYMBOL, E.G.COLO?RWILL FIND COLOR AND COLOUR, AND ANOTHER WILDCARDSYMBOL WHICH CAN SUBSTITUTE FOR ONLY ONE CHARACTER, E.G.WOM?NWILL FIND WOMAN AND WOMEN.
IRRELEVANT GO BACK AND RE-DEFINE YOUR TOPIC MORE SPECIFICALLY. PERHAPS THE KEYWORD YOU HAVE USED HAS MORE THAN ONE MEANING E.G.MOUSE(AN ANIMAL OR A PIECE OF COMPUTER EQUIPMENT).
NOTHING ELECTRONIC DATABASES OFTEN HAVE ON-SCREEN INDEXES WHICH LIST ALL THE WORDS INDEXED IN THE DATABASE PLUS THE NUMBER OF TIMES EACH OCCURS. THIS IS ESPECIALLY USEFUL FOR CHECKING SPELLING VARIATIONS AND LOOKING FOR RELATED AND MORE SPECIFIC KEYWORDS WHEN THE ONES YOU HAVE CHOSEN HAVE FAILED TO FIND ANYTHING. IF YOU STILL FIND NOTHING RELEVANT,ASK LIBRARYSERVICE DESK STAFF OR STUDENT COMMITTEE STAFFS, EXPLAINING THE SOURCES YOU HAVE ALREADY USED. IT MAY JUST BE THAT VERY LITTLE HAS BEEN WRITTEN ON THE TOPIC THAT YOU ARE INTERESTED IN.
FINALLY DONT FORGET TO SAVEYOUR SEARCH QUERIES AND SEARCH RESULTS!
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION SAEED ESMAILIAN KERMAN MEDICAL STUDENT RESEARCH COMMITTEE KERMAN STUDENT ADVISORY COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF MEDICAL STUDENT ASSOCIATION-KERMANLOCAL COMMITTEE KMSSD87@GMAIL.COM +989351815204

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Search strategy

  • 2. PRIMARY SEARCH THE BASIC CONCEPTS
  • 3. CONTENT 1.DEFINE YOUR TOPIC -CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) 2.DEFINE THE SCOPE OF YOUR TOPIC 3.BEGIN YOUR SEARCH 4.REFINING YOUR SEARCHAND SEARCH PROBLEMS
  • 4. 愕悋惘 愆悋 拆愕 悋慍 惓惡惠 悋 惆惘 惆惠惘 擧惠 惠忰悋惠 惆悋愆悴 惆悋愆擧惆 悽惆惠悋 悋慍 愕悧 惓惡惠 悋 擧惠 拆惘愕惆 惡惘悋 愆惘惺 惆悋 惡惠惘 束 擧悋惘 惠忰悋惠 惡悋愕惠 擧悋惘 擧 愕悧 惓惡惠 悋 擧 惆悋愆悴 擧 忰惶 悋愕惠 惡悋 惡惆悋悽悋 擯惆 愆悋 拆愕 悋慍 惆惠 悋 惆惡悋 損 悋愕惠 惡 拆愆 擧 悋愕惠悋惆 惡惘惆 擧 惺悋 擧悋惘 惠忰悋惠 惡擯惘惆 愆惘惺 惡 擧悋惘 擧惆 悋 惶惆 惆悋惘 擧 惡惡 束 悋愕悋惠惆 惆惆 惆惘 悋惠 惠悋惆 惴惘 擧 悋慍 悋愕悋惠惆 惘悋 惡 悽惆 悴惡 擧惆 悋 惡 愆悋 擯惆 惡惠惘 悋愕惠 愆悋 束 悋愕惠悋惆 惆惘 悋惆悋 擯惆 損 惡 悋惘悋惆 擧 惆悋惘 悋愕惘惆擯 愕惠惆 惆惘 悛愕 愆惺 惆悋惘惆 悋 悋惶悋 惡惘 惺擧愕 惆惘 悋 惘惆 愕惘 擧惆 惠悴 惘悋 惡 悋愀悋惺 惆惆 悋 惷惺 惘悋 擧 擧惆 擧 悛悋 惡惠惘 悋愕惠 惆惘 悽惶惶 擧惆擧悋 惆惘 悋惆悋 悋愕惠悋惆 惆惘 忰悋 擧 擯愆 悋愆慍擯 悽惘惆 惡 愕惘惺惠 悋慍 惆惠惘 擯惘 悽悋惘悴 愆惆. 損 悋悴悋 惡惆 悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋
  • 5. 愆悋 悋擯惘 悴悋 悋 惆悋愆悴 惡惆惆 擧悋惘 擧惘惆惆 惡 悽悋 惠忰 拆愆 )愕悋惆 惠惘 擧悋惘( 拆惆悋 擧惘惆 悴惆惆 悋愕惠悋惆 拆惘愕惆 愕悋悋惠 惡愆惠惘 )擧悋惘 忰惷惘惠 !( 惘惠 愕惘 擧惘惆 惆惘 惘惆 惷惺 )愆惘惺 悋 惶惡惠 惡惆惡悽惠(
  • 7. 拆惆悋 擧惘惆 愆擧 愕惠
  • 9. FIRST STEP: DEFINE YOUR TOPIC -CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S)
  • 10. DEFINE YOUR TOPIC 悋 惶惆 惆悋惘 擧 惡惡 惡 悋惘悋惆 擧 惆悋惘 悋愕惘惆擯 愕惠惆 惆惘 悛愕 惆悋惘 悋 悋惶悋 惡惘 惺擧愕 悛悋 惡惠惘 悋愕惠 惆惘 悽惶惶 擧惆擧悋 悋悴悋 惡惆 悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋 惡惘惘愕 惘悋 悛愕 悋愕惘惆擯 惆惘 擧惆擧悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋
  • 11. DEFINE YOUR TOPIC oTHE COURSE AND ASSIGNMENTWILL GUIDE YOUR CHOICE OF A TOPIC oA TOPIC THAT IS INTERESTING TO YOU OFTEN WORKS BEST oA VERY BROAD TOPIC MAY NEED NARROWING oA VERY SPECIFIC TOPIC MAY NEED EXPANSION oALSOHELP DICTIONARIES ANDGLOSSARIES
  • 12. CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) 惡惘惘愕 惘悋 悛愕 悋愕惘惆擯 惆惘 擧惆擧悋 惡慍惘擯愕悋悋
  • 13. CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) IS IT ENOUGH?
  • 14. CHOOSE YOUR KEYWORD(S) USE SUBJECT ENCYCLOPEDIAS AND DICTIONARIES (IMPORTANT) NOTE SYNONYMS AND RELATED TERMS E.G. RUST/CORROSION. NOTE AMERICAN TERMS E.G. LIFT/ELEVATOR. NOTE AMERICAN SPELLINGS E.G. COLOR/COLOUR. NOTE PLURALSE.G. FISH/FISHES. NOTE ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS E.G. COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN/CAD. NOTE PERSIANSKEY WORDS AND ITS VARIATIONS E.G. ???
  • 15. 惡惘惘愕 惠悋惓惘 悛愕拆惘 惡惘 悋慍悋愆 惡惘慍 愕擯 悋 擧 愕擯 悋 擧 愕擯 悋 擧 愕擯 擧 KIDNEY STONE RENAL STONE KS RS ≒ 悛愕拆惘 悛愕拆惘 悋愕惆悋愕惠 愕悋愕擧 悋愕惠 愕悋愕擧悋愕惆 ASPRIN ASA A.S.A ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID ....
  • 16. 悋慍 擧悴悋 擧惆 悋 悋 惘悋 拆惆悋 擧夭 ENGLISH KEY WORDS: MESH 擧惆 悋 悋 悋惘愕: 惺悋 悽悋惠 惡悋惘愆 愃慍!
  • 17. MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS MEDICAL SUBJECT HEADINGS(MESH) IS A COMPREHENSIVECONTROLLED VOCABULARYFOR THE PURPOSE OFINDEXINGJOURNAL ARTICLES AND BOOKSIN THE LIFE SCIENCES; IT CAN ALSO SERVE AS ATHESAURUSTHAT FACILITATES SEARCHING.
  • 20. SECOND STEP: DEFINE THE SCOPE OF YOUR TOPIC
  • 21. 悋悋 惆惡悋 悴惘 慍 愕惠
  • 22. DEFINE THE SCOPE OF YOUR TOPIC DO YOU WANT ENGLISH LANGUAGE MATERIAL ONLY? DO YOU WANT MATERIAL ONLY PUBLISHED WITHIN A CERTAIN TIME- SCALE E.G. WITHIN THE LAST FIVE YEARS? DO YOU WANT TO FIND A SPECIFIC TYPE OF DOCUMENT E.G. A BOOK REVIEW? DO YOU WANT SPECIFIC TOPICS? E.G. MEDICINE OR PHARMACY OR MEDICAL EDUCATION OR .?
  • 23. WEBSITES OR SEARCH ENGINES ENGLISH DATABASES: WWW.SCHOLAR.GOOGLE.COM WWW.PUBMED.COM WWW.SCIENCEDIRECT.COM . . . FARSI DATABASES: WWW.SID.IR WWW.IRANDOC.AC.IR WWW.MEDLIB.IR WWW.MAGIRAN.COM WWW.IRANMEDEX.COM WWW.SCHOLAR.GOOGLE.COM
  • 24. THIRD STEP: READY FOR BEGIN YOUR SEARCH
  • 27. 悋悋惠 擧 惆 擧惆 悋 惘悋 惡悋 惆悋惘惆! ENGLISH: 1.AND 2.+ 3.SPACE FARSI: 1. 2.+ 3.SPACE
  • 28. 惠悋 悋悋惠 擧 忰惆悋 擧 悋慍 擧惆 悋 悋 惘悋 惡悋 惆悋惘惆! ENGLISH: 1.OR FARSI: 1. 悋
  • 29. 悋悋惠 擧 擧惆 悋 悽悋惶 惘悋 惆悋惘惆! ENGLISH: 1.- 2.NOT FARSI: 1.-
  • 30. badaANDb aORcbNOTdfamilyand violencefamilyor domesticviolencenot sexual abuse bba
  • 31. 悋悋惠 擧 忰悋 擧 惺惡悋惘惠 悽悋惶 愕惠惆! ≒ 惆悋愆擯悋 惺 拆慍愆擧 擧惘悋 損 惆悋愆擯悋 惺 拆慍愆擧 擧惘悋 束
  • 32. 惠擧擧 惆擯!!! oPSYCHOLOGY oPSYCHOLOGICAL oPSYCHOLOGIST oPSYCHIATRY oPSYCHIATRIST oPSYCHOLOGY*
  • 33. WRITE SEARCH QUERY 1. PUBMEDAND COCHRANE DATABASE: JUST SEARCH MESH TERMS! E.G. KIDNEY CALCULI AND ASPIRIN 2. OTHER SEARCH ENGINES AND DATABASES: E.G. 1. (CALCULI, KIDNEY ORCALCULUS, KIDNEY ORKIDNEY CALCULUS ORNEPHROLITHORRENAL CALCULUS ORKIDNEY STONES ORKIDNEY STONE ORSTONE, KIDNEY ORSTONES, KIDNEY ORRENAL CALCULI ORCALCULI, RENAL OR CALCULUS, RENAL) AND(ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID ORACID, ACETYLSALICYLIC OR2- (ACETYLOXY)BENZOIC ACID) 2. SEARCH SEPARATELY EVERY KEYWORD!!!!
  • 37. PROBLEMS? TOO MANY? TOO FEW ? IRRELEVANT REFERENCES? FINDS NOTHING?
  • 38. TOO MANY COMBINE EVEN MORE KEYWORDS (ADD KEYWORDS FOR AN ADDITIONAL CONCEPT) TO MAKE YOUR SEARCH MORE SPECIFIC. IF ANY OF YOUR SEARCH WORDS ARE A SET PHRASE, ARE YOU ENTERING THEM IN THE WAY THAT TELLS THE DATABASE TO LOOK ONLY FOR THE SET PHRASE? TRY USING THENOTOPERATOR TO EXCLUDE ANY NON-RELEVANT KEYWORDS. SEE IF IT IS POSSIBLE TO SPECIFY WHICH PART OF A RECORD YOU WISH TO BE SEARCHED E.G. ONLY THE TITLE. TRY PROXIMITY SEARCHINGTO LIMIT YOUR SEARCH TO RECORDS IN WHICH YOUR CHOSEN KEYWORDS APPEAR IN THE SAME SENTENCE/PARAGRAPH OR WITHIN A CHOSEN NUMBER OF WORDS OF EACH OTHER. ON THE SCREEN DISPLAYING YOUR SEARCH RESULTSMANY DATABASES OFFERSOME SUGGESTED SUBJECT HEADINGSFOR NARROWING YOUR SEARCH, AND YOU CAN TRY CLICKING ON THESE.
  • 39. TOO FEW SEARCH FOR EVEN MORE SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS. IN SOME INDEXES YOU ARE GIVEN A LIST OF APPROPRIATE KEYWORDS AT THE END OF EACH ENTRY WHICH CAN GIVE YOUFURTHER IDEAS. IF YOU HAVE USED A SET PHRASE, IT MAY BE WORTH TRYING THE WORDS ENTERED SEPARATELY WITHAND(OR A PROXIMITY SEARCHING OPERATOR)IN BETWEEN. IT IS USUALLY POSSIBLE TO TRUNCATE WORDS I.E. USE A WORD ROOT AND FIND ALL WORDS THAT BEGIN WITH THE LETTERS YOU SPECIFY. TRUNCATION SYMBOLS ARE NORMALLY * ?OR $ E.G.ENVIRON*WOULD FIND ENVIRONMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTALIST ETC. USE CAREFULLY AS YOU CAN RETRIEVE NUMEROUS FALSE HITS E.G.HERO*WOULD FIND HERO, HEROIC AND HEROISM BUT ALSO HEROIN. USE A WILDCARD SYMBOL IF AVAILABLE WHICH SEARCHES FOR VARIABLE CHARACTERS WITHIN A KEYWORD. WILDCARD SYMBOLS ARE NORMALLY * ? OR $.IN SOME DATABASES (INCLUDING THE LIBRARY CATALOGUE) THERE IS ONE WILDCARD SYMBOL WHICH CAN SUBSTITUTE FOR MORE THAN ONE CHARACTER AND WILL ALSO FIND THE WORD WITHOUT THE WILDCARD SYMBOL, E.G.COLO?RWILL FIND COLOR AND COLOUR, AND ANOTHER WILDCARDSYMBOL WHICH CAN SUBSTITUTE FOR ONLY ONE CHARACTER, E.G.WOM?NWILL FIND WOMAN AND WOMEN.
  • 40. IRRELEVANT GO BACK AND RE-DEFINE YOUR TOPIC MORE SPECIFICALLY. PERHAPS THE KEYWORD YOU HAVE USED HAS MORE THAN ONE MEANING E.G.MOUSE(AN ANIMAL OR A PIECE OF COMPUTER EQUIPMENT).
  • 41. NOTHING ELECTRONIC DATABASES OFTEN HAVE ON-SCREEN INDEXES WHICH LIST ALL THE WORDS INDEXED IN THE DATABASE PLUS THE NUMBER OF TIMES EACH OCCURS. THIS IS ESPECIALLY USEFUL FOR CHECKING SPELLING VARIATIONS AND LOOKING FOR RELATED AND MORE SPECIFIC KEYWORDS WHEN THE ONES YOU HAVE CHOSEN HAVE FAILED TO FIND ANYTHING. IF YOU STILL FIND NOTHING RELEVANT,ASK LIBRARYSERVICE DESK STAFF OR STUDENT COMMITTEE STAFFS, EXPLAINING THE SOURCES YOU HAVE ALREADY USED. IT MAY JUST BE THAT VERY LITTLE HAS BEEN WRITTEN ON THE TOPIC THAT YOU ARE INTERESTED IN.
  • 42. FINALLY DONT FORGET TO SAVEYOUR SEARCH QUERIES AND SEARCH RESULTS!
  • 43. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION SAEED ESMAILIAN KERMAN MEDICAL STUDENT RESEARCH COMMITTEE KERMAN STUDENT ADVISORY COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF MEDICAL STUDENT ASSOCIATION-KERMANLOCAL COMMITTEE KMSSD87@GMAIL.COM +989351815204